Risk Management and

Disasters

Geraldine Vila Godoy

Geographical Engineer
Information Systems Analyst
Geographical
gvila@[Link]
CONTENT
I. BACKGROUND

II. NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK

III. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

IV. CURRENT SITUATION

V. DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT:

COMPONENTS AND PROCESSES

VI. THE ROLE OF CENEPRED IN THE NATIONAL SYSTEM

DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT -SINAGERD
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Timeline of the Regulatory Framework

For more than 50 years, the institutions in the country were framed within a culture of response to
disasters, more than prevention and reduction of disaster risk. Let's take a look at a timeline with
the main events and regulations that were issued as a consequence of them

Law No. 19338

Creation of the System
of Defense Civil If consider
(SIDECI), topic of interest
responsible of national: "Politics
address the disasters of State No. 32
in the country.

1970 1972 1987 2007 2010 2011

EarthquakeAncashy The Institute is created

Pisco earthquake, if
flood in Yungay. The National Defense
plant lessons Law No. 29664:
earthquake Civil (Indeci)
learned regarding Creation del
destabilized the wall a moments of System National
north delete snow-capped intervention. of Managementdel
Huascarán Review of the law of
Risk of
Sinadeci
Disasters
SINAGERD
BACKGROUND
Timeline of the Regulatory Framework

Peru has made significant progress in disaster risk management since 2010, with the
inclusion of the State Policy 32 "Disaster Risk Management", the creation of the National System
Disaster Risk Management-SINAGERD, the approval of the National Policy and the
gradual implementation of PLANAGERD 2014-2021, among others.

Review y Update of the

National Policy update of the of the PLANAGERD
PNGRD and of the 2022-2030.
of Management
SINAGERD Risk
Disasters
of operability
SINAGERD
del Incorporation of the
GRD in PEDN to
(Law No. 30779) 2050

2011 2012 2014 2018 2021 Today

Law No. 29664: Creation National Plan of Approval of the

of the National System Gestión del National Policy of
Risk Management Risk of Risk Management
from Disasters Disasters - of Disasters
(SINAGERD) PLANAGERD by 2050
BACKGROUND
Relationship with the International Framework

The implementation of Disaster Risk Management in our country, within the framework of the System
National Disaster Risk Management - SINAGERD, must be developed considering also the
international instruments related to Disaster Risk Management; thus we have:

International instruments in
subject of Human Rights

The American Convention on

Human Rights
The International Covenant on Human Rights
Civilians and Politicians
The International Covenant on Rights
Economic, Social and Cultural
The Convention on Rights
of the child
NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK
NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK
NATIONAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - SINAGERD

Law No. 29664, Law that creates the National Management System
Riesgo de Desastres(08.02.2011):

Inter-institutional, synergistic, decentralized, transversal and

participatory. It is mandatory for application and compliance.
all public entities, private sector, and the citizens in
general

D.S. N°048-2011-PCM, Regulation of Law N°29664

(25.05.2011)

It aims to regulate Law No. 29664, for development of

its components, processes, procedures, and roles of the
entities forming the SINAGERD.
NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK
NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT - SINAGERD

D.S. N°034-2014- PCM, National Risk Management Plan

Disasters–PLANAGERD
Establish the strategic lines, objectives, and actions of
multiannual character necessary to finalize what is established in the
Law and the National Policy for Disaster Risk Management.

D.S. N°038-2021- PCM, National Risk Management Policy

From Disasters by 2050
It constitutes a multisectoral national policy whose leadership is
in charge of PCM. It applies to all entities of the
public administration, responsible for priority objectives,
guidelines and providers of the services of this policy.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
 BASIC DEFINITIONS

DANGER

. Probability of occurrence of
a natural origin event or
induced by man.
. In a space and time
determined.
. Intense enough to
produce damages
physicists economic and
environmental.
. Adversely affecting the Everything that can cause harm
people and their livelihoods.

(Art. 2° Regulation Law 29664)

 BASIC DEFINITIONS
Occupancy pattern
Self-construction
2 Without Legal Physical Sanitation
• Socio-Economic Situation

VULNERABILITY

Urban growth without Self-construction

It is the susceptibility of a planning
unit social (families,
community society)
physical structure or activity
economic damage
by the action of a danger.

It can be: physics, social,

economic cultural,
institutional and another

Fragile infrastructure Inappropriate occupation of

soil.

(Art. 2° Regulation Law 29664)

 BASIC DEFINITIONS
INTENSE RAIN
Ocurrencia del
Event

RISK OF
DISASTERS

It is the probability that the

population and its means of livelihood
they suffer losses and damages.

Product of the interaction of a

danger with a situation of
vulnerability
R = f(P, V)

(Article 2° Regulation Law 29664)

 BASIC DEFINITIONS

DISASTER

Set of damages and losses that

occurs as a result of the impact of
a danger whose intensity generates
alterations in the functioning of
the social units, exceeding
the local response capacity for
to attend effectively sus
consequences, being able to be of
natural or induced origin of the
human action

(Art. 2° Regulation Law 29664)

 BASIC DEFINITIONS

RISK

R
I
E
DANGER S VULNERABILITY
G
O

R=f (P , V)
If the event occurs, then

THERE IS A DISASTER

Manual EVAR 2nd Version

CURRENT SITUATION
 Dynamic Risk Scenarios
due to recurring dangers and increasing vulnerability
 Riesgo = ,
Population explosion
Greater exposure Greater poverty
Decrease of the
resilience

Deterioration of infrastructure
Increase in fragility
 GROWING VULNERABILITY

The lack of planning has led to informal occupation.

and disorderly of the territory, which is characterized by a
chaotic transportation system, lack of public services
and a territorial imbalance that generates high levels of
inequality and social exclusion.

Almost half of the urban population of Peru (45.9%)

they live in slums, in precarious housing or with
inadequate water and sanitation services.

Source: Cities of Peru. First National Report on Urban Indicators 2018

Source: Cities of Peru. First National Report on Urban Indicators 2018

 GROWING VULNERABILITY

Urban growth without Inadequate occupation of

planning soil. Self-construction

Conditions of poverty Limited resilience

Wijkman and Timberlake, 1984

DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT:
COMPONENTS AND PROCESSES
DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
DEFINITION

Prevention
reduction and the
control
the permanent Protect the
risk factors life of the
of disaster in the population and the
PROCESS
GRD is
a SOCIAL
whose
end is
society. for heritage of
the people and
Preparation and of the State.
response
situations of
disaster.

Disaster Risk Management is based on scientific research and the

registration of information, and guides actions at all levels of government
of society with the aim of protecting the life of the population, the heritage
of the people and of the State.
COMPONENTS
DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT

PROSPECTIVE Corrective REACTIVATE
It is the set of actions It is the set of actions It is the set of actions and
that are planned and carried out that are planned and carried out measures aimed at facing
in order to avoid the risk to correct the disasters, whether due to a
future. existing risk. imminent danger or by the
materialization of risk.

Technical advice provided by Technical advice in charge of Technical advice provided by

PROCESSES
FROM DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
Management Management
Prospective Corrective Management Reactive Management Prospective and
Corrective

Future risk Existing risk Disaster Post-disaster

Estimation

Scenario of the
New scenario
Conditions of
Current risk conditions post-risk
future risk disaster
disaster

Response and
Prevention Reduction Preparation Reconstruction
Rehabilitation
COMPONENTS OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

MANAGEMENT
PROSPECTIVE

Issuance and regulatory control of

occupation of the territory.
Actions for
Urban planning and regulation
avoid and prevent
building.
the formation
of the risk in the Incorporate risk analysis into
medium and long the planning instruments
deadline. territorial.
Risk analysis in projects
investment.
Design earthquake-resistant in
buildings
FUTURE RISK Declaration of intangible areas.
COMPONENTS OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

MANAGEMENT
Corrective

Reinforcement and protection of systems

Actions for
constructive and/or existing structures
reduce the vulnerable.
effects of risk
that they are already Stabilization of slopes por
landslides and collapses.
presents.
Construction of hydraulic works that provide
flood protection.
Construction of drains for evacuation
of rainwater.
Housing reinforcement programs.
EXISTING RISK Reforestation with native species in
areas of maximum flow rates.
THE ROLE OF CENEPRED IN THE SYSTEM
NATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT
DISASTERS - SINAGERD
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
NATIONAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - SINAGERD

NATIONAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - SINAGERD

(Article 1 of Law No. 29664)

Interinstitutional Synergistic Decentralized Transversal Participatory

The final goal of SINAGERD is to identify and reduce the risks associated with hazards or minimize them.
effects, as well as preventing the generation of new risks, and preparation and attention in the face of situations
of disasters through the establishment of principles, policy guidelines, components,
processes and instruments of Disaster Risk Management.
COMPOSITION
NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

National Council of GRD

Decision maker
President of the Republic

Rector role Presidency of the Council of Ministers

articulator

CEPLAN
Technical role
advisor CENEPRED INDECI

Management Management
Governments Governments
Executor role Prospective and Sectors Regional Reactivates
Corrective Locales

Financial role MEF - Disaster Risk Financial Management Strategy

Promoter role Population, Private Sector, NGOs, Universities, and others

ROLE OF CENEPRED
NATIONAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

It is the technical advisory entity of the National Management System of

Disaster Risk (Sinagerd), in the components
prospective and corrective of disaster risk.

GENERATION OF
KNOWLEDGE OF RISK
Risk Scenarios
Risk Assessments
 The risk of disasters YES IT CAN BE
prevent and reduce...
acting promptly on the causes
that generate it and/or the factors that
they induce ...