Morphosyntactic Exercises Guide
Morphosyntactic Exercises Guide
Résumé
Nelson Maia Schocair
Professional Activity
Professor of Grammar, Writing, and Literature; Instrumental and Legal Portuguese;
Professor at the Fundação Escola do Serviço Público - RJ; of the Fluminense Society of
Teaching and Research - Niterói, RJ; and the School of Administration and Business - Brasília, DF;
Professor of the Course and College Objetivo and of the Course and College Anglo-Latino, both in São
Paul;
Speaker; Reviewer; Consultant in Portuguese Language;
Poet, Writer, Musician and Composer, awarded in numerous literary contests.
Titling
Immortal Club of Writers - Academy of Arts, Sciences and Letters of Piracicaba
SP – Chair 54 – Patron: Alcides Aldrovandi;
•Academic of the AVBL - Brazilian Virtual Academy of Letters - Chair 434 - Patron:
Machado de Assis;
Consult the Rio de Janeiro of the Movement Poets of the World - Santiago, Chile.
1001 Exercises of
Portuguese Language Português Jurídico
Ed. Scripta, 1st edition Theory and Practice
Ed. Elsevier-Campus.
→ ←
• Contacts:
1. E-mail:professornelsonmaia@[Link] – nelsonmaia1@[Link]
2. Sites:
• Literary:[Link]
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" –Nelson Maia Schocair.
Series Exercises: MORPHOSYNTAX - Theory and Practice
Word Classes Syntactic Functions
Article: modifies or creates a noun Adnominal adjunct – characteristic
Numeral:
I. Adjective: precedes the noun I. Adnominal adjunct - characteristic
II. Noun: replaces the noun II. Typical functions of the noun
Pronoun:
I. Adjective: precedes the noun I. Adnominal adjunct - characteristic
II. Noun: replaces the noun II. Typical functions of the noun
I. Adnominal adjunct - characteristic
Adjective: II. Predicative – circumstance
Noun: Performs all functions as the core
Verb: It performs the function of sentence nucleus.
Adverb: Adverbial adjunct - circumstance
Does not perform a function, only a sense (notional value) or connects-
Preposition: if terms or sentences due to issues of government (relational value).
Does not perform a function, only meaning (notional value)
Interjection:
It does not perform a function, only meaning (notional value), connecting-
Conjunction: be it terms or sentences.
Does not perform a function, only meaning (notional value)
Denotative Word - EXTRA
• Profissional: [Link]
Morphosyntactic analysis:
The definite article as an adjunct adnominal;
man = noun functioning as the core of the subject;
sandy = adjective in the function of predicate (circumstantial);
attacked = transitive verb as the core of the verbal predicate;
two = numeral adjective in the function of an adnominal adjunct;
women = noun functioning as the core of the direct object;
defenseless = adjective functioning as an attributive adjunct.
Ah! My daughters and I always go out for a walk when the sun seeks the moon: two who love each other, but
never meet.
Morphosyntactic analysis:
Ah! = interjection, indicating joy;
My = possessive pronoun used as an adjective in the function of an adjectival modifier;
daughters = noun functioning as the core of the compound subject 1;
e = additive coordinating conjunction, linking nuclei of the same function;
eu = noun pronoun (in the nominative case) functioning as the core of the compound subject;
sempre= advérbio em função de adjunto adverbial de tempo;
we left = intransitive verb as the core of the verbal predicate;
a = preposition of nominal value (purpose);
walk = noun functioning as the core of the adverbial adjunct of purpose;
when = a subordinating conjunction indicating time, linking to sentence number 1 (main);
the definite article in the function of an adjectival complement;
sol = noun functioning as the core of the subject of the 2nd sentence;
search = direct transitive verb as the core of the verbal predicate;
the definite article in the function of adjectival modifier;
moon = noun functioning as the core of the direct object;
two = noun numeral (substituting the moon) functioning as the core of the subject of the 4th sentence;
that= relative pronoun functioning as the subject of the 3rd clause;
se= reflexive reciprocal pronoun functioning as a direct object;
amam = direct transitive verb as the core of the verbal predicate;
but = adversative coordinating conjunction, linking to sentence number 3;
never = adverb functioning as an adverbial adjunct of time;
se= reflexive reciprocal pronoun functioning as a direct object;
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" - Nelson Maia Schocair.
Exercise Series: MORPHOSYNTAX - Theory and Practice
find = transitive verb acting as the nucleus of the verbal predicate;
Main questions:
Adnominal Modifier x Nominal Complement
1. Adnominal Adjective – it is the accessory term of the sentence that comes along with the noun, assigning it quality, state,
characteristic or indicating possession, restriction, and specification. It is expressed in the sentence by:
The term that appears in reference to an adjective or adverb will always be Nominal Complement.
Examples:
She is rich in love.
b) Acted kindly towards the lost elderly person.
4. If the term comes with the preposition 'de,' functioning as an agent, it will be a Nominal Adjunct; if it is a patient, it will be a Complement.
Nominal.
Examples:
a) Bell's invention was the telephone. (Bell invented = is an Adnominal Complement)
b) The invention of the telephone was useful. (the telephone was invented = is a Nominal Complement).
5. When a passive agent can be added after the questioned term, the Complement is found.
Nominal.
The sold object was authorized (by the dealer)
6. The abstract nouns related to transitive verbs allow for a Nominal Complement.
The answers to the tests were correct.
Comments: Dreamer, essentially an adjective, depending on the context in which it is inserted, as it is preceded by a term.
adnominal has become a noun; therefore, it is an explanatory apposition of the noun father.
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" - Nelson Maia Schocair.
Exercise Series: MORPHOSYNTAX – Theory and Practice
Comments: Dreamer is, in this case, an adjective modifying a noun, attributing a circumstance to it; for that reason,
predicate of peace.
C. Adnominal Adjective - a term of an adjectival nature that specifies the noun, connecting directly to it, with the
to demonstrate a natural characteristic.
Example: The father wished that his son became a soccer player.
Comments: Dreamer is, in this case, an adjective modifying a noun, denoting a natural characteristic; for
this, nominative adjective of father.
D. Adverbial Adjunct – term of adverbial nature that attributes circumstance to a term of adjectival, verbal or
similar.
Example: The father urged that the son become a soccer player.
Comments: Fast is in this case the primitive adjectival form of the derived adverb quickly. This happens because
modify the meaning of the verb, attributing it a manner circumstance.
01. (CESGRANRIO) Point out the ONLY option in which the term is NOT a nominal complement:
restoration of ethical principles.
b) improvement of the Letter.
c) respect for the law.
d) word order.
e) compliance with the new law.
2. (PUC) Point out the option in which the highlighted term does NOT HAVE THE SAME SYNTACTIC FUNCTION as the highlighted term of
acceptance of BRIBERY
inclusion of modern sins.
religious instruction book
exchange favors
drug trafficking
manipulation of public opinion.
04. (UBA) Indicate the alternative in which the highlighted expression has the role of a nominal complement.
Curiosity encourages man to research.
b) The city of London deserves to be known by everyone.
c) Respecting others is everyone's duty.
The poor old man was begging in the city.
The fear of making mistakes hinders language learning.
05. (PUC) Mark the option in which the underlined expression is NOT an adverbial adjunct:
a) "We remember, however, with hypocritical nostalgia."
b) "We remember (...) with hypocritical nostalgia, the happy times."
c) 'Athens had already consolidated for a long time.'
d) "elementary books, produced hastily with the panting..."
I was beautifully surprised by the flood...
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" –Nelson Maia Schocair.
Exercise Series: MORPHOSYNTAX – Theory and Practice
06. (UFF) Mark the option in which the underlined word presents a different class and syntactic function from the others.
scratched in the other options:
a) Within me lives the country woman, the one who gives birth.
b) Everything lives inside me, the woman of life, quite despised.
c) The sad, forgotten women live inside me.
Inside me lives the undervalued cooking woman.
They live within the dreams of few women from the community, without dreams.
07. (FUVEST) The sentence in which the highlighted words belong to the same grammatical class, exercise the same
syntactic function and have different meanings is:
a) SHORT or SHORT: enjoy the holiday to watch the short film festival.
b) THE NEW NEW: hasn’t everything already been done before?
c) The POPULAR car at 12,000 reais is far from being POPULAR.
d) It is TRAGIC to see that, on Brazilian television, only TRAGIC things are successful.
e) Brazil will be a GREAT partner and not just a BIG partner.
08. (NCE) In the segment 'Reform of the Judiciary', the term 'of the Judiciary' indicates a patient of the previous term. The item in
that the underlined term has a different value is:
application of the law
b) "distribution of Justice";
c) "opinion makers";
d) "truth of the Judiciary";
e) "movements of lawyers".
09. (PUC) In: 'He arranged his blankets for him', the pronoun 'lhe' performs the same function as in:
Each time they denied an answer, the cake grew.
b) Light always chases away sleep.
c) The brother told him to take it seriously.
d) He was looking at his brother who was turned away.
Then, rage and the desire to run came to him.
10. (FEC) In the segment "...destruction of people...", the underlined term functions as the patient of the previous term, the
which also occurs in:
a) "That is why the gesture of solidarity..."
...a paradigm shift...
...reestablishing the foundations of a radical reconstruction...
...or by any gesture of recognition...
...the Citizenship Action Movement...
11. (NCE) "The voter gave very little importance to the elections for governor." The highlighted term serves the function of
nominal complement of "elections". Which highlighted term below performs the same function?
I vote blank;
b) newspaper headlines;
c) research institutes;
d) interruption for civic duty;
c) group behavior.
12. (FUVEST) In the following statements, there are adjectival adjuncts and only one nominal complement. Indicate the correct one.
alternative that contains the nominal complement:
a) companies' revenue;
b) cycle of severe crises;
c) energy of this nation;
d) world history;
e) distribution of powers and income.
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" - Nelson Maia Schocair.
Exercise Series: MORPHOSYNTAX – Theory and Practice
14. (NCE) "The diminishing of love for the homeland, the action of personal interest, the immensity of the States, the conquests, the
abuses of the Government made...”; mark the item in which the syntactic functions of the terms are correctly classified.
highlights.
a) all elements are nominal complements;
All elements are adjectival adjuncts;
c) only two elements are adjectival complements;
d) only one element is a nominal complement;
e) only one element is an adjectival modifier;
16. (UFC) Read the following sentence: 'The1what1lives in the hinterland tells the2what2it allows for the rural imagination.
Mark the option whose terms point to the same reference.
a) O1he
b) O1O2;
c) O2the
d) What1What2;
What1- O2.
17. (Unitau) In 'The theory of communication is the part of semiotics understood with the explanation of the EVOCATIONS
"ideological" of the MESSAGES", indicate the function of the highlighted words:
a) direct object - nominal complement
b) adjectival modifier - direct object
c) indirect object - nominal adjunct
d) adjectival adjunct - adjectival adjunct
e) nominal complement - nominal complement
18. (NCE) In the sentence 'The candidate came from Pernambuco,' replacing the underlined preposition with the preposition 'to,'
the meaning changes:
from limit place to initial place;
from place of arrival to place of departure;
from place of birth to place of death;
from workplace to leisure place;
from place of origin to place of destination.
19. (FATEC) Mark the option in which the meaning that the highlighted words convey in the statement is
correctly and respectively identified in parentheses.
Years of alcoholism had turned his ability to work into early retirement.
purpose.)
b) Now they were encouraging the youngest, whose eyes were shining with expectation. (Possession and cause.)
c) It seemed that NEM was against it, it was just a mother's judgment. (Negation and time.)
They lived in Cangaíba - which the middle sister, ironically, called 'Canga City' - where the lives of others were part of
entertainment. (Place and direction.)
e) Did not hesitate to say that it was already over, even without a parade. (Time and condition.)
20. (UFRRJ) "Resistance to American DOMINATION must come from other sectors..."
The relationship that is established between the highlighted term and the noun that precedes it in the excerpt above is the same in
Portuguese from English
computer culture
advanced vocabulary of domination
linguistics staff.
language protection
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call to you, Word: lover of poetry!" –Nelson Maia Schocair.
Exercise Series: MORPHOSYNTAXIS - Theory and Practice
22. (NCE) "...a minute of silence..." In which of the following items is the underlined term not of the same type as it is?
underlined in this segment?
...die annually from hunger...
...cited, among the list of paradoxes...
...military spending worldwide...
...the cost of a single aircraft carrier...
...the GNP of 53 countries.
23. (CESGRANRIO) Mark the INCORRECT option regarding the grammatical aspect.
a) The highlighted terms in 'I do not write about WHAT I am.' and 'On the contrary, there is ENCHANTMENT left to talk about...' are,
respectively, predicative and subject.
b) The word 'beauty' has the same formation process as the word 'little bird'.
c) Regarding graphic accentuation, the words 'está' and 'Aliás' follow the same rule.
d) In 'The emptiness of Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós, for example, complete his life and fill us with
beauty.
e) The relationships expressed by the highlighted prepositions in '...flies AWAY.' and '...there's enchantment LEFT FOR.'
To speak... are, respectively, direction and purpose.
25. (NCE)
...forms of violence...
...spread of violence...
Show the following item where the two terms preceded by preposition are inappropriately characterized in the segments.
above.
a) adjectival adjunct / nominal complement
b) agent / patient
c) adjective / noun
d) general / specific
relational / notional
26. (UFSCAR) Mark the sentence that presents the same syntactic structure as: 'Treaties were signed with the'
approval of the governments of Brazil and Portugal.
a) In the Millennium Declaration, goals for the preservation of water resources were announced.
b) The incident was accidental: two players collided in a normal ball dispute.
c) Russian agents managed to infiltrate the political heart of West Germany.
Some Gestapo leaders regretted their crimes after the Nazi defeat.
At the Masp fair, on Sundays, a lot was sold until 1998.
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" - Nelson Maia Schocair.
Exercise Series: MORPHOSYNTAX – Theory and Practice
27. (FATEC) Observe the highlighted expression in: 'thoughtful IN THE SHADE OF THE TINHORÕES'.
Select the option that contains an expression with the same syntactic classification.
They distributed education to childhood as they deemed best.
b) Make the creature more sensitive to the RUDE IMPACT of the first teaching.
c) As if the same uncertainty of today, FROM ANOTHER ASPECT.
Educated exotically IN THE GREENHOUSE OF AFFECTION.
I resented the goodbye in advance.
28. (NCE) Indicate the item where the highlighted element has a different syntactic function from the others.
...an inconvenience of television...
...no TV set...
...the movement of the little square...
...the reading of books...
...the eight o'clock session...
29. (PUC) "The colossal agricultural and industrial production of the Americans flies TO THE MARKETS at the speed
an average of 100 km per hour. Argentine wheat and meat flow to the ports IN CARS AND LOCOMOTIVES that some
50 km per hour, ON TARGET, develop.
30. (UEG) In the sentence: 'Woo-Suk Hwang, the scientist WHO cloned embryos for study, claims THAT the technique is not suitable for
"reproductive fins", the highlighted terms present, in the same order, the same morphosyntactic functions in
a) The embryos THAT are derived from humans have limitations THAT prevent their evolution.
b) Every time that, persistently, an embryo that is viable was attempted, no one succeeded.
c) How long do you think it will take until there is clinical testing with humans?
I hope that Brazil, which has a situation similar to that of Korea, can also evolve.
People WHO work with cloning research expect THAT everyone respects ethics.
Changing the position of 'among many', the syntactic-semantic relationship present in the original text is identical in:
a) Discussing, AMONG MANY, a foreign literature implies knowledge of two fundamental things: ideas
general about literature and easy understanding of the language of that foreign people.
b) To discuss a foreign literature, AMONG MANY, presupposes the knowledge of two fundamental things: ideas
general about literature and easy understanding of the language of this foreign people.
c) To discuss a foreign literature implies knowledge of two fundamental things, AMONG MANY: ideas
general about literature and easy comprehension of the language of this foreign people.
d) Dissertating about foreign literature implies knowledge of two primary things: general ideas, BETWEEN
MANY, about literature and easy understanding of the language of that foreign people.
e) Discussing a foreign literature assumes knowledge of two essential things: general ideas about
literature and easy understanding, AMONG MANY, of the language of this foreign people.
32. (PUC) "It will be necessary to wait another four years for a large part of humanity to be able to access again, via
satellite, images of international disputes where the rules of the game and human talent triumph over the
irrationality and violence.
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" –Nelson Maia Schocair.
Exercise Series: MORPHOSYNTAXIS – Theory and Practice
In the analysis of the report, a diversion of resources was found that is believed to have been made by the director.
disqualified. In order for the facts to be investigated, it was decided to forward the case to the higher authorities.
In the presented excerpt, grammatical resources are used to make the text impersonal. Analyze the occurrences.
follow and point out those in which these resources were used to impersonate what appears in 1, according to
the standards of the standard language.
In the final report, we omitted information that would compromise the progress of the investigations. We decided
also report the recent events that were not part of the proceedings.
2 - The final report omitted information that would compromise the progress of the investigations. It was decided
also report the latest events that were not included in the process.
II. 1 - After we installed the commission, we opened the documents that pointed out the flaws in the process. We observed
what more urgent measures were needed to curb expenses.
2 - After the commission was established, we opened the documents that pointed out the flaws in the process. They were
it was observed that more vigorous measures were urgent to contain expenses.
III. 1 - In situations like these, I always find that it is necessary to have firm actions at the right moment. If you let the
urgent decisions for other people, I run the risk of losing control over events.
2 - In situations like these, it is always found that it is necessary to take firm actions at the right time. If one lets the
urgent decisions for other people can lead to losing control over events.
IV. 1 - I found, after making a careful analysis, that the data I collected was not sufficient to justify the
conclusion. Thus, I decided to seek more evidence in order to present an analysis that had more support.
I found, after careful analysis, that the data collected is insufficient to justify the
conclusion. They decided to seek more evidence in order to present an analysis with more support.
Mark the ONLY alternative in which the highlighted term has the same function as
highlighted term from the above period.
Then, worker leaders emerge, who begin to act in the political life of Niã.
b) "He, THEN, started major changes - with the expropriation of part of the land for agrarian reform and
with more resources for industry - which helped the working class grow...
c) "Used to criticizing the government, he did not realize that he was, THEN, the government and, to everyone's astonishment, he cried out
for the solution of the problems...
The city THEN lived the best moment of its history, with the multiplication of schools, public libraries,
hospitals, sanitation services and environmental protection.
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" –Nelson Maia Schocair.
Exercise Series: MORPHOSYNTAX – Theory and Practice
TEMPLATES
01. D 11. D 21. C 31. C
02. B 12. E 22. A 32. D
03. B 13. B 23. D 33. E
04. C 14. D 24. E 34. B
05. B 15. C 25. E 35. C
06. E 16. A 26. A
07. E 17. E 27. D
08. D 18. E 28. B
09. B 19. B 29. D
10. B 20. E 30. E
"I do not call you goddess, or woman who satisfies me; I call upon you, Word: lover of poetry!" –Nelson Maia Schocair.