Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation

Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

MECHANIZED TUNNEL EXCAVATION.

Page 1 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

AGENDA.
1. Introduction.
a. Basic principles of mechanized excavation.
[Link] of Tunnel Borers (TBM).
c. Areas of application.
d. Geology and selection of the type of TBM.

Geotechnical challenges.

TBM for rock.

[Link] for soil.
[Link]-Up & Logistics.
[Link]-Up System.
[Link] de logística en TBM.

5. Coating.
[Link] of lining in tunnels with TBM.
b. In situ coating.
c. Cladding with prefabricated voussoirs.

[Link] & Head.

[Link].
[Link] Calculation.

7. Guidance and Recognition Systems.

Page 2 June 2013 Michael Weinhold
Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

AGENDA.

1. Introduction.
[Link] for rock.
a. Definition and types of tunnel boring machines (TBM).

[Link] aspects of Geology.

Types of TBM for rock.

TBM for soil.

4. Backup & Logistics.

5. Coating.

[Link] & Head.

[Link] and Recognition Systems.

Page 3 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBMPARA ROCK.

Definition and types of tunnel boring machines (TBM).

Basic aspects of Geology.

Type of TBM for rock:

TBM Gripper.

TBM with a simple shield.

TBM with double shield.

Page 4 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

FOR ROCK.

Definition and types of tunnel boring machines (TBM).

Basic aspects of Geology.

TBM type for rock:

TBM Gripper.

TBM with simple shield.

TBM with double shield.

Page 5 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBMPARA ROCK.

Definition and types of tunnel boring machines (TBM).

Basic aspects of Geology.

Type of TBM for rock:

TBM Gripper.

TBM with simple shield.

TBM with double shield.

Page 10 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

GEOTECHNICS. INFLUENCE OF GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY.

Important parameters for defining the type of TBM for rock:

Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS).

Tensile strength BTS (Brazilian Test).

Rock mass quality (joints, fracturing, weathering, ...).

Mineralogy (quartz content, swelling potential).

Cerchar Index (CAI, wear).

RQD (Rock Quality Designation).

DRI (Drilling Rate Index).

BWI (Bit Wear Index).

Page 11 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

 Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

GEOTECHNICS. INFLUENCE OF GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY.

Geology +
Hydrogeology

design of shield structure torque calculation

GEOTECHNICS

thrust force calculation support pressure calculation

wear prognosis

Page 12 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

BASIC ASPECTS OF LAGEOLOGY.

Geological risks related to exploration.

Geological Risk in relation to the available Geotechnical Information

Practical Limits of Collection

Geotechnical Information

unforeseeability costs

Geotechnical Information Collection

Page 13 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

BASIC ASPECTS OF LAGEOLOGY.

Page 14 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering – University of Chile

BASIC ASPECTS OF LAGEOLOGY.

Rock mass quality has an influence on the progress of a Gripper TBM.

The advances of the shielded TBMs do not necessarily depend on the quality of the rock.

Excavation

Support

Maintenance
Repair

The Dead

BREAKDOWN OF ACTIVITIES IN PROGRESS WITH TBM (%)

a) Gripper TBM with rock bursts
b) Gripper TBM with rock collapses
c) Combination of a) and b)
d) TBM with Shield

Page 15 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

BASIC ASPECTS OF LAGEOLOGY.

Support is one of the most important factors to consider in the advancement of TBM Grippers.

TBM Shield

TBM Gripper

Rock Rankings

Sin
With Anchors and Shotcrete With Marcos and Shotcrete
Sustenance

L1 = Area after the Shield

In the Backup

Page 16 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

BASIC ASPECTS OF LAGEOLOGY. CLASSIFICATION.

Each classification system is limited by the quality of the parameters that are input into the system.

Page 17 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

BASIC ASPECTS OF LAGEOLOGY. CLASSIFICATION.

Classification systems should not be academic.

The classification systems should allow for constant planning and control.

Page 18 Junio 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

2. TBM FOR ROCK.

Definition and types of tunneling machines (TBM).

Basic aspects of Geology.

Type of TBM for rock:

TBM Gripper.

TBM with simple shield.

TBM with double shield.

Page 21 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

DEBM TYPES.
Tunnel boring machine for hard rock. Without shield / Open
TBM Gripper.

Page 22 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

DEBM TYPES.
Tunnel boring machines for hard rock.
TBM with simple shield and double shield.

Page 23 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.

Page 24 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Gotthard Tunnel, Switzerland.

Page 25 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Types of gripper (shoes).

Lateral bracing. Cross bracing.

Page 26 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Types of Gipper (shoes). Lateral bracing.

Pagina 27 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanical Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Types of Gripper (shoes). Cross bracing.

Page 28 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Types of Gripper (shoes).

Page 29 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Operation.

Page 30 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Work zone according to SIA standard 198.

Zone L1 Zone L2 Zone L3

Zone L1* Zone L2* Zone L3*

Area behind the forehead.

L2: Backup zone.
Zone up to 200 m behind the back-up system.

Fortification in work areas L1*, L2*, L3*

Page 31 June 2013 Michael Weinhold
Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in L1 zone.

1 cutter head
2 front shield
3 ring beam erector
4 anchor drilling device
5 wire mesh erector

2 5

1 4
3

Page 32 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in L1 zone.

Page 33 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in area L1*.

Placement of anchors and mesh

Page 34 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in zone L1*.

Installation of anchor bolts and meshes

Page 35 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in L1 zone.

Front Drilling System Bolt placement system and

Injections

Page 36 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in area L1*.

Page 37 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in L1 zone.

Page 38 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in zone L1*.
Mesh builder.

Page 39 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in L1 zone*.
Steel frame builder.

Page 40 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in area L2*.
Application of shotcrete (approx. 60 m behind the head).

Page 41 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering – University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in zone L2*.
Robot for shotcrete application.

Page 42 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Tunnel support in area L2*.
Fortification with frames, pin, mesh, and shotcrete.

Page 43 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Excavation and mucking.

Page 44 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM GRIPPER.
Bracing process.

Page 45 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBMPARA ROCK.

Definition and types of tunnel boring machines (TBM).

Basic aspects of Geology.

Type of TBM for rock:

TBM Gripper.

TBM with simple shield.

TBM with double shield.

Page 55 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunneling Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

SIMPLE SHIELD.

Page 56 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM SIMPLE SHIELD.

Simple Shield TBM–Perschling. Austria.

TBM Simple Shield–Wienerwald. Austria.

TBM Simple Shield - Islisberg. Switzerland.

Page 57 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM SIMPLE SHIELD.

Pressure ring.

Page 58 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

SIMPLE SHIELD.
Pressure ring.
Extension unit.

Page 59 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM ESCUDOSIMPLE.
Pressure ring.

Coating
double.

Page 60 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM SIMPLE SHIELD. PROJECT ARROWHEAD, USA.

Water supply for California.
Use of 2 TBMs.

Arrowhead West Tunnel: 6.4km, Ø5.780mm.

Arrowhead East Tunnel: 9.2km, Ø5.780mm.

Water table with a pressure of 10 bar.

Page 61 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Departamento de Ingeniería de Minas–Universidad de Chile

TBM SIMPLE SHIELD. PROJECT ARROWHEAD, USA.

Recognition systems.

Page 62 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

TBM SIMPLE SHIELD. ARROWHEAD PROJECT, USA.

Recognition systems.

Page 63 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

FOR ROCK.

Definition and types of tunnel boring machines (TBM).

Basic aspects of Geology.

Type of TBM for rock:

TBM Gripper.

TBM with simple shield.

TBM with double shield.

Page 65 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

DOUBLE SHIELD TBM.

The multitalent for rock.

Page 66 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

DOUBLE SHIELD TBM.

The multitalent for rock.

Page 67 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanical Excavation of Tunnels
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

DOUBLE SHIELD TBM

The multitalent for rock.

Page 68 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM DOUBLE SHIELD.

The multitalent for rock.
Push cylinders. Open telescope.

Page 69 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

TBM ESCUDODOBLE.
The multitalent for rock.

torque reaction cylinder

Page 70 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

DOUBLE SHIELD TBM.

The multitalent for rock.

Lattice cylinders.

Page 71 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blast and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering–University of Chile

DOUBLE SHIELD TBM.

The multitalent for rock.

Stabilizer.

Page 72 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

DOUBLE SHIELD TBM

NORTH-SOUTH BYPASS PROJECT BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA.

Page 73 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Department of Mining Engineering - University of Chile

DOUBLE SHIELD TBM.

PROJECT NORTH-SOUTH BYPASS BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA.

Use of 2 Double Shield TBMs.

Túnel: 2x 4,0km, Ø12.340mm.

Geology: welded tuff, sandstones,

fillets with quartz veining, rock
failure.

Page 74 June 2013 Michael Weinhold

Blasting and Excavation Course / Mechanized Tunnel Excavation
Departamento de Ingeniería de Minas–Universidad de Chile

Questions?

Page 75 June 2013 Michael Weinhold