Understanding Dog Breeds and Their History
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ScribdTranslationsUnderstanding Dog Breeds and Their History
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ScribdTranslationsIntroduction
Dog breeds are not scientifically defined as a biological classification, but rather they are
groups defined by fan clubs called breed club. A breed of dog is
represented by a sufficient number of individuals who transfer their stability.
specific characteristics through generations. Dogs of the same breed have
similar characteristics in appearance and behavior, especially because they come from a system
selective of ancestors that had the same characteristics. Dogs of a specific breed or
true breed, they produce animals that are very similar to the parents. A dog is named a member of
a race through ancestry tests, through genetic analysis (DNA) or records
writings of their ancestry (pedigree). Without that evidence, the identification of a specific race is not
reliable. These records, called race registry, may be in the hands of individuals,
clubs or other organizations.
Many traditional dog breeds recognized by major registry associations
Canines are referred to as 'pure breeds'. Only individuals whose parents and ancestors are pure.
races are considered to belong to that race. This concept has caused controversy due to the
difficulty of regulation and due to the possible genetic consequences of a limited population
(endogamy). Recent work has been done to classify the different breeds, with some
results that surprised with respect to the age estimates of the breed and its
interrelations with other castes.
Generally, before a type of dog is recognized as a true breed, it must
it is demonstrated that the coupling of a pair of estop produces dogs that have the
same characteristics as the parents, both in appearance and behavior. This is known
as a positive result of race. There are many questions related to what is
consider a positive outcome of the race.
The International Canine Federation (FCI) recognizes 337 breeds and each one is owned by a
specific country. The countries owning these breeds establish the breed standard (description
detailed ideal template of the race) - in collaboration with the Standards and Scientific Commissions
from the FCI - whose translation and update is carried out by the FCI. These standards are the
reference on which all judges base their examination of dogs during exhibitions
carried out in the member countries of the FCI. Currently, the breeds are very extensive and
popular thanks to dog shows, greyhound races, and more recently, thanks to
sports as the Protection dog y the Agility.
Development of dog breeds
This image of a chihuahua and a great dane shows the great size difference between them.
different dog breeds.
The initial selections would have initially focused on domestication and behavior.
the dog's bark, like the barking at unknown creatures or people, the protection of the
livestock or hunting — as in the case of the Terrier group. Dogs have been bred
selectively to obtain specific characteristics over thousands of years. The selection is
It would have initially focused on domestication and useful behaviors such as, for example,
enabled for hunting. Later on, dogs were also selected to obtain
attractive and different morphologies, resulting in a great variety of types. Like a dog
The dog has had many different uses in work, such as a hunting dog.
setter dog, water dog, retriever, hounds, herding dog, drover dog, dog
police, sled dog, etc. Giving rise to very diverse forms such as the molosser, the
mastiff, the bulldog, and as a pet creating groups of breeds like the pointers, spitz,
terriers, retrievers, spaniels, schnauzers, pinschers, etc.
Some dog breeds like the Saluki have been bred for thousands of years. Other breeds of
working dogs like the German Shepherd or Labrador Retriever have been established in recent years.
centuries. Later on, dogs were also selected to achieve attractive morphologies and
distantloans, resulting in a wide variety of types.
There is a lot of speculation, but little evidence, about why canids came to live with or
about humans, possibly for more than 100,000 years. In the beginnings of
Agriculture started about 12,000 years ago, humans began to make use of dogs.
various ways, giving rise to physical differences between dogs and their ancestor the wolf.
In earlier times, little was written about dogs, although creole dogs are known.
like the Africanis—, which developed over time with minimal human intervention
to fit with the environment —including human culture— in which dogs lived
or live.89 The breeds of dogs in modern sense date only from the precise
documentation of the pedigrees established in the English Kennel Club in 1873, as a
imitation of other genealogical records for cattle and horses.
Many dog breeds today have the names of the types of original native breeds.
like the Border Collie. Other types of criollo varieties, such as retrievers, have taken over
a more uniform appearance through selective breeding, which led to the development of a
a wide variety of different breeds.11 The varieties of purebred dogs in working circles
may vary in appearance from purebred dogs of the same breed that are presented in the
dog shows or they are pets.12
Semi-wild types and local varieties have been documented, such as the 'New Guinea Singing Dog.'
"Guinea" or Canis lupus hallstromi which has been registered as a breed for preservation purposes. There is no
evidence of its sighting since 1976, which leads to the belief that it may have gone extinct.13 In
1970, the ecologist I. Lehr Brisbin discovered a breed of wild dog called 'Dog
from Carolina.
In recent years, a new movement has also emerged regarding new...
hybrid or designer dog breeds.15 Although these breeds are not officially recognized,
they are in constant growth. Among some of the hybrid breeds, which is the crossing of two
recognized breeds, we have the Cockapoo (a cross between the Cocker Spaniel and the Poodle) or the
Puggle (arising from the mix of Pug and Beagle).