DESCENT OF LOADS – ARCH

You are asked to perform the load descent of the R+1 building below.

COFFRAGE R D C

COFFRAGE TAG

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STEP 1: When you launch the ARCHE software, a general OMD menu appears. This menu allows for a
part of configuring certain general options of the ARCHE software, and on the other hand, launching each module
(Framework, Beam, Column, ...).

Management of File in progress

files

Palette
of icons

Arborescence
files
Modules dealing with
global studies

Modules dealing with

local studies

Current standards Language of

production of
d t

You are going to create a business called VILLA.MPB52, within which will be
grouped the various files related to the building study that you are going to
calculate.

1. In the menu (Folder), choose the option (New) to create a

new business.
A window titled "New" opens so you can enter the name of your business.

2. Click on the input box of the [New Name] button.

This box then becomes accessible (a cursor appears), to enter the name of the case.

3. Type villa.MPB52 on the keyboard and validate this entry with the <Enter> key.
Press <Enter> a second time or click the [Ok] button to
lancer la création de cette affaire.
The 'New' window disappears and you will notice that the banner
(upper line reminding of the ongoing software) has been updated, in
faisant apparaître le nom de l'affaire en cours, à savoir TUTEUR.

You are now back in the main menu and you

You can launch the Ossature program: click on the icon
Framework.
STEP 2: You are now in the environment
of the framework module.
The banner reminds of the name of the ongoing case, thus
a filename BAT 01 created by ARCHE
default, in which you will save the descent of
charge that you will make.
If you want to create a new file, exp.BAT02
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In the menu (File), select the option (New) to create a new file.

You will now configure a number of settings for the BAT01 file.

• Now choose the option (Unit) from the menu (Options).

A new window appears. It indicates the default work units.

Select the unit exp:daN as the unit of force, the MPa for the
constraints and the meter for lengths.

Click on the button at the top right of the

window or right-click on the mouse to
go out.

• Select now (Options/View) to activate the column of

buttons located under the title 'Dimensions', by clicking on
each of them, likewise
for the number column.

Currently the number and dimensions of the elements of the

structures will be visible on the screen.

On garde pour le moment l’affichage du chargement étain,

to avoid overloading the drawing

• You will update the materials catalog, in

selecting from the menu, (Hypotheses/Materials).
By default, the catalog contains a material, CONCRETE, of
features provided, and applied to all types of elements offered by Ossature.

You will create the material "Floor (16+5)", which would be applied to the building slab.
First, click on the [ADD] button. A NEW material is created.

Disable the button column located under the title 'Element' by clicking on each of them, except
for the [dalle] button, which will remain active.
In the 'General Characteristics' section, modify the label: 'Hollow body floor (16+5)', the name:
PCC(16+5), and the density: 1334 (in daN/m3).
In the 'Element Characteristics' section, activate the type [Slab] and enter the value 0.21m in the
case [e=0.21]. In the pre-dimensioning case, choose no predim, so that Arche does not change.
not the thickness of the floor when pre-sizing it.
Finally, deactivate the [Formwork] and [Steel] buttons.

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• Choice of soil work rate ( σ Click on 'hypotheses / calculation' in the hypotheses window.
To calculate, click on the sole tab, set the value ofσ Sun Elu

STEP 3:

The following steps will allow you to get to grips with various hanging and selection tools.
First, you will set the floor level height to 2.90 m.
At the bottom left, you can see that the active floor is number 1 and that its height is set by default to
3 m.

Click in the box [Height = 3.00 m] and enter the value 2.90 m using the keyboard, then the
touch <Enter>.
• You will now generate the poles: click on the icon [ICO5] 'poles'
The mouse cursor is now a cross indicating that you are in creation mode.

¾ You will generate the A1 posts, attachment mode 'keyboard'.

By default, the active snapping mode is 'end'.

1. Change the attachment mode, choose 'keyboard'.

Now, Ossature is waiting for coordinates.

[Link]: 0 0 <enter> the post A1 is created

¾ You will generate posts A2, A3, and A4, 'relative' hanging mode.
1. Change the attachment mode, choose 'relative'.
Click on the post A1, created previously.
Now, Ossature is waiting for the relative coordinates Dx, Dy.

3. Type: 2.65, 0 <entry> the post A2 is created

You notice that the coordinates Dx = 2.65 and Dy = 0 are the coordinates of post A2 in relation to (or
relatively) to post A1.
4. similarly create the pole A3 relative to the pole A2, that is Dx = ...... and Dy = ......
5. Similarly create post A4 relative to post A3, that is Dx = ...... and Dy = .........

¾ You will generate the posts B1, B2, B3, and B4 using the 'copy' function.

1. Exit the pole creation mode by pressing the Escape key on the keyboard.
The mouse cursor is now a hand indicating that you are in creation mode.
2. select the posts A1 to A4 by clicking on them, the posts change color
green, a sign that they are selected
To make a copy of these posts, proceed as follows:
In the menu bar, choose Edit / CAD / Copy
A Copy window appears in the translation column.
indicate the displacement on the X axis:
Dx = 0 et le déplacement sur l’axe des Y :Dy = 3.25
Validate with OK.

¾ You will generate posts D1, D2, D3, and D4 using the 'copy' function.

1. Select the poles B1 to B4 by clicking on them or using the selection mode:

unique / type / poteaux.
The poles turn green, a sign that they are selected.
2. make a copy of these poles as previously indicated, with Dx = ...... and Dy = ......

¾ You will generate the posts C2 and C3, using the 'copy' function.

1. proceed in the same way, Dx = ………and Dy = ……..

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STEP 4:

• You will now generate the beams, click on the 'beam' icon.

¾ You will generate beam A1: hanging mode 'column'

1. Change the attachment mode, select "post"

it is preferable to draw the beam, starting from the left to the right for notation reasons and
starting from the first pole directly to the last pole for the continuity of the beam.

2. Click on post A1 and then directly on post A4, the beam A1 is created.

¾ You will generate the beams A2, A3 and the chain Ch2 in the same way.

It is preferable for numbering reasons to create the beams in the following order:
- from top to bottom for the horizontal beams.
- from left to right for the vertical beams.

[Link] that the mounting mode is pole.

2. Click on the first and last post to create each of the beams.

¾ You will generate the beams A4, A5, A6 and chain Ch1, stiffeners R1 and R2:

1. creation of chaining Ch1: attach post, click on post A1 then D1.

2. creation of beam A4:
• collision with pole, click on pole A2
• relative attachment, click on pole D2
• Enter the coordinates: X Y "enter", the beam is created.
3. creation of beam A5: same principle as beam A4
4. creation of beam A6: attach post, click on post A4 then D4.

¾ You will generate the stiffeners R1 and R2:

1. for the creation of the stiffener R1:

• choose relative hanging
• click on post C3
• enter coordinates: x y "entry", the stiffener attaches to beam A5.
• Choose perpendicular attachment.
• Click on beam A6, press "enter" twice, the stiffener
is created.
Attention: when a beam, a stiffener, or a tying member is supported by others
beams it is no longer a main element, deactivate the class for this element
main

2. for the creation of the stiffener R2: proceed in the same way
for R1

STEP 5:

• You will now generate the tile, click on the 'tile' icon.

¾ You are going to generate the slab:

1. creation of the slab:
• choose pole attachment, click on pole A1 - A4 - D4 - D3.
• choose the end hanging, click on the end of beam A5 then A4.
• choose pole attachment, click on pole E2 - E1 and finally A1.

2. loading of the slab:

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 Return to selection mode by pressing the Esc key on the keyboard.
• select the slab, unique / type / slab G = 200 daN/m²
the slab turns green. Tiling + partition

• click on the loading icon Q = 170 daN/m²

• enter the value of G and Q using the keyboard Habitation usage
• choose C.C floor instead of concrete
• enter the thickness of the floor
3. cutting of the slab :
• click on: Edit / Cut tile
This command only works if the slab is selected.
You notice that the slab is cut into panels framed by
beams.

Result of the input:

carrying sense
from the floor to
modify in
function of
sense of bearing or carrying

the veins

Panel of
give to
deleted.

-Panel of
DALL·E has been modified
in concrete
15 cm
of thickness

4. choose the direction of the slab's span:

• Select a panel slab by clicking near the beams.

To cancel all selections and as a safety measure to avoid accidentally touching other elements of
the structure, get into the habit of going through the Unique command / Cancel.

• Choose a direction of reach based on the meaning of the

veins.

• Repeat the same operation for each panel of slabs.

Attention: the concrete slab panel has a particular span direction, it rests on three sides:
on beam A4, A3, and A5. adjust its span direction as follows:

• Select the tile panel, then click on the icon

"?" well on Definition

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 the following window appears.

The side1 is not supportive.

Click on 1 in the table

click in the area

coefficient, enter via keyboard
0.

the load of the slab will be at

present spread over the
sides: 2, 3, and 4, side 1 does not
will not take on any charge
coming from the slab.

ETAPE 5 :

• You will now generate the foundation soles:

• click on the 'automatic foundation generation' icon

• reply with Ok to the message

• soles of dimensions 0x0x0
will be created automatically s
or each pole.
STEP 6:

• You will adjust the width of the beams and the section of the columns:
¾ Adjustment of beam width, braces, and stiffeners:

- The stiffeners and tie beams are considered by ARCHE as beams.

- The heights of the beams will be calculated by ARCHE based on the loads and spans.
1. Start with Unique / Cancel to cancel all selections.
[Link] all beams:
Unique / Type / beam
3. click on Modify / Attributes /
dimensions
Choose beam by clicking here

5. change the final width, check the

case then enter 0.22.

6. exit the window by

7. for the stiffeners R1,
R2..., it is also necessary to set the height
at 0.21: for that select the stiffeners one by one by clicking on them, then redo the
same procedure as before by setting h = 0.21.

¾ Adjustment of the pole section:

[Link] with Unique / Cancel

to deselect all selections.
2. select all the poles:
Unique / Type / poles
3. Click on Modify / Attributes /
dimensions
4. choose posts in the window
Dimensions
5. change the final width, check the box then enter 0.22.
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STEP 7:

• You will load the peripheral beams and the tie beams:

The outer beams and the ground floor chains support the outer wall of the floor, wall in
Double partition of 35cm with a weight of 1000daN/ml (see the table of permanent loads).

1. Start with Unique / Cancel to cancel all selections.

2. Select beam A1 by clicking on it.
3. click on loading
4. click on insert

5. repartition

6. Enter the value of G

7. click on span

[Link] the box X2

appears
automatically there
beam length
on which is
distribute the load
9. redo this operation
for the chains Ch1, Ch2, the beam A3, the stiffener R1.

Attention: for the case of beams A4, A5, and A6, the wall does not extend the entire length of the beam but rather on a p
Article from the beam (see the formwork plan for the floor), the load of the wall is not distributed across all the spans.
10. select beam A4, click on 'loading'
In the 'charges' window, click on insert / distribution / G = 1000
In the box "x2", enter the ending abscissa of the load.
13. In the box "x1", enter the starting abscissa of the load.
Note: the beam is considered as a graduated ruler in meters, the origin x = 0.00 is the
first point of beam creation, for the case of beam A4, you have started the creation of this beam in
clicking on post A2, therefore the origin 0.00 of this beam is post A2.

14. follow the same principle for the beams: A5 and A6.
Beam A5 (x1 = ……… and x2 = ……….)
Beam A6 (x1 = ……… and x2 = ……….)

You can see the structure and loads in 3D:

1. click here, a window appears, choose 4

2. click here for full screen image

3. click here to see the details

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STEP 8:

• You are going to create the floor:

¾ Creation of a floor identical to the ground floor:

1. click on the 'automatic floor creation' icon.

If you are in 3D mode, you will see the appearance of a floor, a copy of the ground floor.
If you are in plan mode, you will notice that the floor number is now
2, and the floor movement arrow is now blue

¾ modification of the floor:

[Link] the stiffener R2 at the staircase landing:

-return to plan mode using the icon next to it.
-Cancel all selection by security / Cancel
Select the stiffener R2 then delete it by pressing the 'Delete' key on the keyboard.
refresh the screen to have a clear drawing, using the icon next to it.
2. remove the floor panel covering part of the stairwell.
Proceed in the same manner as for R2.
3. Cover the gap on the staircase with a floor 16+5:
create the slab (floor 16+5) in column attachment
Set the span direction of the ribs.
4. change the load on the floors:
-select all tiles: unique / type / tile
Click on Modify / Attributes / Loads, in the loads window, enter the new value of G and
that of Q.
The floor of the upper level is a roof terrace, it supports the weight of the sloping shape and
the waterproofing: either G = 180 daN/m² and Q = 150 daN/m² (inaccessible terrace).
[Link] the following elements: chain Ch2, the floor panel between Ch2 and R1,
the solid slab of 15cm and the D4 poles.

Attention :if you delete items by mistake it is no longer possible to undo, you need to recreate a n
new again these elements.
Before selecting an item to delete, cancel all possible selections by Unique / Cancel.

6. modify the length of beam A4: (remove the cantilever part)

select the beam A4.
Click on: Edit / CAD / Limit, the cursor becomes a scissor.
Click on the delimitation element, in this case the chaining Ch2 (inversion of the selection by the
right mouse button
Place the scissors on the side of the beam that you will keep, then press 'enter' on the keyboard, the part of
The cantilever beam is removed.
-
7. modify the length of beam A5:
Relimit this beam in relation to the stiffener R1, follow the same procedure as before.
-
8. modify the distributed load on the
chains and perimeter beams :
we must replace the load due to the weight of the wall of
35cm (1000daN/ml), by that of the concrete parapet
armed with a thickness of 15cm and a height of 60cm, namely
G = 0.15 x 0.60 x 2500 x 1ml.
let G = 225 daN/ml
-select the beams one by one, click on
loading, replace the value of G= 1000 with 225.

[Link] la poutre A3 jusqu'au Ch1

select beam A3
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 Click on Modify / CAD / Redefine
-click on chaining Ch1, 'Entry'.
Attention :The beam A3 is now embedded in the floor covering the stairwell, it needs to be cut.

10. select the floor that covers the staircase, click on 'Edit / cut'
dalle » .

STEP 9 :

• You will now carry out the load calculation and the preliminary sizing of the structure:

¾ Launch of the load descent:

1. Click in the menu bar on Analyze / Check, if the input of the

structure est correcte, le message « il n y a pas d’erreurs détectées »
is displayed.
2. click on Analyze / Model, if the structure input is correct,
the message "no errors detected" is displayed.
Note:At the bottom right of the screen, the 'Input' icon is replaced by 'Analysis'.
In addition, the icon palette of the input mode is replaced by the icon palette of the
Mode of analysis
If there are input errors in the structure, the yellow light turns on. click on it to read the
report of errors to be fixed.
correcting errors and modifying the structure is not possible in Analysis mode, you need to go back to
Entry mode, by clicking on the 'Entry' icon.

¾ Launch of the pre-sizing calculation:

1. Click in the menu bar on Analyze / Calculate, a window appears for you.
inform about the existence or not of errors.
- The errors in red are serious errors that affect the balance or resistance of the structure.
They need to be repaired.
- The errors in green are less serious and need to be fixed.

Note:At the bottom right of the screen, the 'Analysis' icon is replaced by 'Exploitation'.

In addition, the icon palette of the analysis mode is replaced by the icon palette of the operation mode.
If there are input errors in the structure, the yellow light turns on. click on it to read the
report of errors to be fixed.
Error correction and structure modification are not possible in Operational mode, you need to go back.
in Entry mode, by clicking on the "Entry" icon.

Once all the errors have been corrected, the message

the following is displayed after the calculation is launched

ETAPE 10 :

• You will now export the results.

¾ Exportation of results for use by the various ARCHE modules

1. click on: File / Export / ARCH. now the result of the load descent
The framework module can be used by other ARCHE modules, such as: module
beam, post, base...

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Final input result

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