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Understanding Cancer Types and Treatments

The document provides an overview of different types of cancers, including carcinomas, sarcomas, leukemias, and lymphomas, detailing their origins and characteristics. It also discusses various treatment options such as immunological treatments, chemotherapy, hormonal drugs, and surgical interventions. Additionally, it explains the TNM staging system used to classify cancer based on tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
8 views1 page

Understanding Cancer Types and Treatments

The document provides an overview of different types of cancers, including carcinomas, sarcomas, leukemias, and lymphomas, detailing their origins and characteristics. It also discusses various treatment options such as immunological treatments, chemotherapy, hormonal drugs, and surgical interventions. Additionally, it explains the TNM staging system used to classify cancer based on tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis.

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•Carcinomas. These are cancers that originate from epithelial cells.

These are cells


that line the surface of organs, glands, or body structures. They represent more than
The term cancer encompasses a 80% of all cancers, including the most common types of cancer Immunological treatments:
group numerous of lung, breast, colon, prostate, pancreas and stomach, among others.
diseases what it Monoclonal antibodies
are characterized by the development of Sarcomas. They are cancers that form from the so-called connective or supportive tissue. Vaccines
abnormal cells, that are that derive from muscles, bones, cartilage, or adipose tissue. The most common are the Adoptive cell therapy
divide, grow, and spread bone sarcomas. Cytokines
without control anywhere Proteins of control
of the body. Leukemias. They are cancers that originate in the bone marrow, which is the tissue responsible for immunological
maintain the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The alterations in these cells
they can respectively produce anemia, infections, and coagulation disorders Chemotherapy:
(bleeding or thrombosis).
Adjuvant chemotherapy
Normal cells divide and •Lymphomas. They develop from lymphatic tissue, such as that existing in lymph nodes and organs. Chemotherapy
die during a period of lymphatic. neoadjuvant
time programmed. Sin Induction chemotherapy
embargo, the cancer cell or or conversion
tumoral 'loses' the ability Radiochemotherapy
to die and divides almost without concomitant
limit. Such multiplication in the
number of cells formed
Cancer palliative chemotherapy

some doughs, called Hormonal drugs:


“tumorsoneoplasms”, que (Definition, classification and Tamoxifen
in their expansion, they can destroy Aromatase inhibitors
and replace normal tissues. medical treatment
Surgical treatment:
Diagnostic surgery
Surgery for determination
of the stadium
In the TNM system, each cancer is assigned Primary surgery
assign a letter or a number to describe Reduction surgery
the tumor, the lymph nodes, and the metastases. dough
Staging is the means by which the doctor The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and
Palliative surgery
describe the size of the tumor and its grade the International Union for Cancer Control (UICC)
T refers to the original (primary) tumor. Reconstructive surgery
dissemination. It is important because it determines the they provide the TNM staging system as
type of treatment that will be necessary. It a resource for doctors to determine the
N refers to the lymph nodes
determines through imaging tests that stage of different types of cancer according to certain
(nodules). Indicate if the cancer has
they study the distribution locations of the standards. This system is updated every 6 to 8 years
spread to the nearby lymph nodes.
disease, such as computed tomography to include advances in our understanding
(CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), among others, about cancer.
M refers to metastasis. It indicates if the cancer
and other procedures like surgery. it has spread to distant parts of the
body.

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