RiveraVargas Néstor Daniel. Mass Transfer 4752.

Ordinary A

Problem 10: Countercurrent process in a gas absorption process of ammonia in water.

Ammonia leaves the air at 68 F and atmospheric pressure in a packed tower in counterflow, using water at 68°F.
as an absorbent. A gas inlet speed of 1540 ft will be used.3and a speed of ammonia-free water
from 75 lb/h. If the ammonia concentration is reduced from 3.52 to 1.29% by volume, determine the ratio:

The equilibrium data at 68°F and 1atm are:

X lb mol NH3/lb mol of H2O 0.01614 0.0252 0.0349 0.0455 0.0722

lb mol NH3/lb mol air 0.0210 0.0320 0.0420 0.0530 0.080

Considerando un proceso paralelo, isotérmico-adiabático y sin reacción química. Así como un gas ideal.

1m 1000L
1ATM 1540 mol 0.0022
ℎ 35.314667 ft 1 m
= ∴ = = = 1813
0.08205 (
293.15 ) ℎ 1 mol

n = 3.9886 ≈ 4.0
ℎ ℎ
Water flow
lb 1
= 75 = 4.16667
h 18 ℎ
Reason for cash flows

4.16667
= ℎ = 1.045
3.9886
ℎ
Free moles of NH3in the gaseous phase (Input)
3.52%
= 0.036577
96.48%
Free moles of NH3in the gaseous phase (Output)
1.29%
= 0.013068
98.71%
Free moles of NH3in the liquid phase (Input and Output)

=0

= + ( − ) =0+ ( − )
 RiveraVargas Néstor Daniel. Mass Transfer 4752. Ordinary A

= ( − ) = 1.045
( ) (0.036577 − 0.013068 =)0.0225

ENTRY EXIT
= 0.0 0.013068
0.036577 = 0.0225

4.16667
ℎ
= 3.9886
ℎ

Cooling Tower
0.08
0.075
y = 0.9612x + 0.0091
0.07
R² = 0.9886
0.065
0.06
0.055
0.05
0.045
0.04
0.035
0.03
0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.05 0.055 0.06 0.065 0.07 0.075

On the trend line, it is required that for y=0.036577, x=0.0286

Therefore:
0.013068 − 0.036577
= = 0.822 =
0 - 0.0286 í

Finally:

1.045
=
0.822
í

1.2713

í
 RiveraVargas Néstor Daniel. Mass Transfer 4752. Ordinary A

Problem 11: Concurrent processes of a gas absorption process with ammonia in water.
A stream consisting of air and ammonia is fed concurrently with a stream of water, free
of ammonia. The concentration of ammonia will be reduced from 3.52% to 1.29% by volume, using a stream
of water 1.37 times the minimum. Determine: (a) the minimum Ls/Gs, (b) the actual speed of the water and (c) the
concentration of the water current that exits.
The equilibrium data at 68°F and 1atm are:

X lb mol NH3/lb mol of H2O 0.01614 0.0252 0.0349 0.0455 0.0722

Y lb mol NH3/lb mol air 0.0210 0.0320 0.0420 0.0530 0.080

Free moles of NH3in the gaseous phase (Entrance)

3.52%
= 0.036577
96.48%
Free moles of NH3in the gaseous phase (Exit)
1.29%
= 0.013068
98.71%
Free moles of NH3in the liquid phase (Input and Output)

=0

= + ( − ) =0+ ( − )

Considering the points:

=( , ) (0,0.036577)
=( , ) =( 0.013068
According to the problem:

= 1.37
í

Therefore:

Cooling Tower
0.08
0.075
0.07 y = 1.0963x + 0.0026
0.065 R² = 0.996
0.06
0.055
0.05
0.045
0.04
0.035
0.03
0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
0
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07
 RiveraVargas Néstor Daniel. Mass Transfer 4752. Ordinary A

The point = ( 0.01306, 0.010 ) {Graphic 0.0130680.00955

} ( equation ){ }
Therefore:

(
0.036577-0.013068 )
= 0.02351 = 0.010− 0 =( 0.010 )
Resulting what:
0.02351
= = 2.351
í 0.01

(
1.372.351 ) í = 3.2207

− 0.036577 − 0.013068
3.2207 =
− -0

0.02351
= 3.2207∴ 0.0073
 RiveraVargas Néstor Daniel. Mass Transfer 4752. Ordinary A

Problem 12: Height of a tower in an ammonia absorption process.

Ammonia will be absorbed from air at 68°F and atmospheric pressure in a packed countercurrent tower, of 6.07
in diameter, using ammonia-free water as the absorbent. The gas entry speed will be 390 ft3/min
and the input speed of 24.6 lb/min. Under these conditions, the total capacity coefficient, Kyit can be assumed
equal to 4.60 lb mol/h ft3∆ The concentration of ammonia will reduce from a molar fraction of 0.0825 to a
from 0.003. The tower will cool down and the operation will take place at around 68°F. Equilibrium data can be used for the
problems 10 and 11. Determine the length of the mass exchanger.

Problem 13: Calculation of the length of a mass exchanger in a diluted system.

A recently approved law requires that the effectiveness of the absorption system currently used for
reducing the level of pollution in the exhaust gas can be improved to meet these new requirements.
the current operating conditions, 13.6 mol/s-m2The outlet gas flows countercurrent with 27.2 mol/s-m.2
of water in the 12m high absorber. The concentration of A reduces from 2 to 0.5 percent by mole. Assume that
the height of the tower is 12m and the equilibrium curve satisfies the following analytical expression:
∗=

The concentration values are within the range of dilution values where the curve of
Equilibrium is a line. Consider the pressure of the system at 1 atm, i.e., P = 1 atm.

It is in a diluted state.

= ( − ∗) =

By equalizing the expressions

( − ∗) =

Resolve for the height of the exchanger

1
( −∗) = ; = ; =
( − ∗) ( − ∗)

Solve E.D

− = ∗
−

Defining composition in equilibrium by isothermal process.

∆= − ∗ →= ∆ + ∗

The resulting equation for the operating points is:

 RiveraVargas Néstor Daniel. Mass Transfer 4752. Ordinary A

= + (∆ − ∆ )
∆
−
= ∆
∆ −∆
The integral will be:

−
∆
∆ −∆ ∆ − ∆
∆
− = ∗
= = =
− ∆ ∆ ∆ −∆ ∆ ∆

− − ∆
− = ln ( ∆)|∆ ∆ = ln
∆ −∆ ∆ −∆ ∆
∆ ∆
We define to obtain the height:∆ = ∆
∆

− −
− =∆ = =
∆
∆ −∆
∆
in a ∆

−
∆ =
( ∗) ∗)
− −( −
( − ∗)
in ln ∗)
( −
Demonstrate the material balance
Identifying liquid and gas inputs and outputs.
{"Entradas":"Entries"} ;
Outputs: ;
Steady state and there is no generation or consumption

Therefore

=
=

Making a balance by component, steady state in recirculation

{ } −{ } { = 0 = Lx } { − }
( − )= ( − )
Solving for the initial liquid composition
( − )
= +
 RiveraVargas Néstor Daniel. Mass Transfer 4752. Ordinary A

The compositions in the system

∗
( − )
= = +

=
13.6 (0.02-0.005 )
= + 0 = 0.0075
27.2
∗
= = ( 2- 0.5 0.0075
)( = )0.01125

Lower Part Upper Part

= 0.02 = 0.005
0.0075 =0
∗ = 1.5x ∗ = 1.5x

( ∗) ∗) ( 0.02 − 0.01125 -)(0.005 - 0)

∆ −∆ − −( −
∆ = = ∗) =
∆ ( − (0.02 - 0.01125)
ln ∆ ln ∗) ln
( − 0.005 − 0

∆ = 0.006701
−
∆ =
∆
Solve for kGa

1 G − 1 13.6 0.02 − 0.005

= =
∆ ∆ 12m 1atm 0.006701

= 2.53693