Stiffness Method for Portal Frame Analysis
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ScribdTranslationsStiffness Method for Portal Frame Analysis
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ScribdTranslationsMETHOD OF DEFORMATIONS (STIFFNESS) - PORTALS.
Nodes can undergo rotations and linear displacements.
5 GDL (DOF) = rotations of B, C, D and E + displacements of B, C and D (the same for all three).
7 GDL (DOF) = rotations of B, C, D, E, and F + linear displacements in each of the 2 floors.
Example 1: Resolution of a portal by the method of deformations.
Step 1: Proposal of a portico with geometric continuity.
Perfect embedding moments
Step 2: Calculation of moments and unbalance forces.
Calculation of PD
Step 3: Imposition of rotations and unit displacements.
Step 4: Calculation of actual rotations and displacements.
Setting EI=1 and simplifying:
Step 5: Calculation of corrective moments.
Step 6: Calculation of the final moments.
Calculation of reactions and Shear and Moment diagrams
MATRIX FORMULATION FOR FRAMES - DIRECT STIFFNESS
The same equations that were used in beams.
Example: Resolution of a Portal by the Deformation Method (Stiffness), using the
matrix formulation.
Step 1: Proposal of a portal with geometric continuity.
Step 2: Calculation of moments and unbalanced forces.
Step 3: Imposition of unitary deformations and calculation of stiffness coefficients.
Calculation of K51:
Calculation of K61:
Calculation of K52:
Calculation of K62:
Calculation of K53:
Calculation of K63:
Calculation of K54:
Calculation of K64:
Calculation of K55:
Calculation of K65:
También se puede calcular de la siguiente manera:
Calculation of K66:
Step 4: Calculation of actual rotations and displacements.
Step 5: Calculation of corrective moments.
Step 6: Calculation of the final moments.
MATRICAL APPROACH - ASSEMBLY
FOR ARMOR
Stiffness Matrix of a bar
k' = stiffness matrix of the element
Displacement Transformation Matrix
Transform the four global displacements (x, y) into the local displacements (x')
T: displacement transformation matrix.
Force Transformation Matrix.
T', transform the two local forces (x') to the four components of the global force (x, y).
T': Transformation Matrix of Strength and it is the transpose of the transformation matrix of
displacement.
Global stiffness matrix of the element
= ∗
= ∗
FOR PORTICOS
Stiffness matrix of a portal frame element.
Displacement Transformation Matrix
As z and z' coincide:
Similarly:
Transform the four global displacements (x, y, z) into the local displacements (x', y', z')
T: displacement transformation matrix.
Force Transformation Matrix.
As z and z' coincide:
Similarly:
T', transform the six loads of the element (local-x') to the four components of force Q.
(global-x,y).
T': Force Transformation Matrix and it is the transpose of the transformation matrix of
displacement.
Global Stiffness Matrix of the Frame Element
Replacing:
So:
Where:
Application of the stiffness method for the analysis of frames.
Once the stiffness matrices of the elements (k-in global coordinates) are established, these
they can be assembled in the Stiffness Matrix of the Structure (K).
Example: Determine the reactions
I=180(10^6) [mm4]
A= 6000 [mm2]
E=200 [GPa]
Solution:
2 elements
3 nodes
We calculate the common terms of the stiffness matrix:
Element 1:
Element 2:
Taking into account only the first equation, we obtain the deformations D:
Solving:
Using these deformation values, we obtain the reactions:
Now the internal loads in Element 1:
In the same way for Element 2: