Triangular load

We analyze a beam with load

maximum value triangular equal to
"p" on the right edge (figure
MIV-12). The concentrated load
equivalent (resultant) will be:

and will be located at a distance

of light / 3 of the right support, for
be the center of gravity of
corresponding triangle.

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Applying the conditions of equilibrium, we obtain the support reactions:

At a distance a from the left support, the value of the ordinate in the load diagram will be,
by proportions

The bending moment in any section, at a distance a from the support:

The bending moment diagram is a cubic parabola.

The equation that gives us the shear stress in any section:

It indicates to us that the shear stress diagram is a second-degree parabola.

value projected onto the horizontal plane results in 276 kg/m

We calculate the value of the reactions.

 Shear force diagram - Bending moment diagram

The first thing we must do is find out the

value of the reactions
Since the charges are symmetrical, we can say
that the vertical reactions are equal

VA = RB = ½ F = ½ {1.00 t/m x (2.00 m + 2.00 m) + 2.00 t/m x 4.00 m} = 6 t

We calculate the values of the efforts of Evidently the drawing of the diagram
cut, starting from knowing that the cut in it shows symmetry and it can be observed that the
point C is null, QC = 0 the dependence on the extremes is not the same as that of
QAi-1 to 2.00 m = 2 t center; the lower load per meter is produced
QAd= -2 t + 6 t = 4 t a smaller slope; and it can be observed
QBi= 4 t–2 t/m x 4.00 m = -4 t that the slope in both overhangs is
QBd= -4 t + 6 t = 2 t identical; the same load per meter is produced
QD = 2 t–1 t/m x 2.00 m = 0 same slope. This is important as it
check in all cases.
At the same time as these observations
earlier we can state without error that the
change of sign of the shear stress
produce exactly in the center of
section. We know that where the values of
cutting efforts change sign
they will produce maximum moments. In this case
this happens three times: in A, in the center of
section (point E) and in B.
The bending moment equals 0
The bending moment in Avale
MfA= -1 to x 2.00 m x 1.00 m = -2 to
This moment is producing traction
in the fibers that are above the axis
neutral, so it will be marked in the
diagram above the closing line
what the axis of the structure represents
The flexural moment in Evale
MfE= -1 t/m x 2.00 m x 3.00 m + 6 t x 2.00 m - 2 t/m x 2.00 m x 1.00 m = 2 tm
This moment is producing tensions in the fibers that are below the neutral axis,
therefore it will be marked in the diagram below the closing line
The bending moment in Bvale
MfB = -1 t/m to x 2.00 m x 5.00 m + 6 t x 4.00 m - 2 t/m x 4.00 m x 2.00 m = -2 tm; symmetrical to MfA
The bending moment at Dvale 0
 Shear force diagram - Bending moment diagram
As always, the first thing we will do is
determine the value of the reactions
Despite the shape of the structure, it can be
observe that the load is symmetrically distributed
regarding the supports; let us also observe
that is drawn in the shape of a horizontal block,
which means that the value of 1 t/m is not the load
real about that structure, but it has been
projected onto an axis parallel to the x-axis.
We can say without fear of being wrong, that each
one of the supports is responsible for half of the
total load

VA=RB= ½ F = ½ 1 t/m x 8.00 m = 4 t

But the value of the shear force to the right of support A is not 4 t.
Let's remember that shear stress is the value of the projection of the forces to the left of
a section, but ON the plane of the section, which in this case is inclined.
What is the angle of that projection?
The exercise data allows us to know the value of the angle.
arctg 6 m / 8 m = 36.87º It is necessary to note that the value of the reaction HA is null; if
if it had a value different from 0, it would project onto the section plane to the right of A

Now we can calculate

QAi= 0
QAd = 4 t x cos 36.87º = 3.2 t
QBI= (4 t–1 t/m x 8.00 m) x cos 36.87º = -3.2 t
QBd= (4 t–1 t/m x 8.00 m + 4 t) x cos 36.87º =
0

Where the sign change of the stress occurs

we will have the section of greatest moment
flector, in this case, in C, which is the center of the light.
We can calculate

which results in 8 tons

 Shear force diagram - Bending moment diagram
As always, the first step is to determine the value of the
reactions.
The reaction HA has a null value, but now the
vertical reactions VA and RB are not equal, for the reason
that the load is not distributed symmetrically with
regarding the support.
To solve them we use an equation from the
static, for the moment.
In order to facilitate the calculations of load values and distances to the center of
moment, we will carry out a splitting of the load, of trapezoidal type, into two loads:
a rectangular one, that is, of constant value along the axis of the structure, and another
triangular load whose lower value will be 0.
The distributed load of constant value is 2 t/m, while the other goes from the value 0.
2 t/m at point A to 2 t/m at point B
The reactions corresponding to the constant distributed load are not complicated;
In contrast, to know those of the triangular load it will be necessary to find the point where
the resultant of all that load is applied, in addition to its value.
The resultant is P1 = ½ { 0 t/m + 2 t/m } x 6.00 m = 6 t which is applied at the center of
the center of gravity of the figure, which being a triangle will be at one third of the distance between the base and the
vertex, closer to the base.
The distance between the base and the vertex is 6.00 m, therefore the resultant of 6 t is
applied at 2.00 m from end B.
Now we can calculate both vertical reactions
MA = 0 = 2 t/m x 6.00 m x 3.00 m + 6 t x (6.00 m - 2.00 m) - RB x 6.00 m

MB= 0 = -2 t/m x 6.00 m x 3.00 m - 6 t x 2.00 m + VA x 6.00 m

It is evident that, when having a triangular load, the shear stress diagram is no longer
linear, but curved. To facilitate the drawing, we find the values in different sections; for
example every meter
The triangular load increases by one meter the amount of {0 t/m + 2 t/m} ÷ 6.00 m = 0.33 t/m
Q1= 8 t–{ ½ (2 t/m + 2,33 t/m) x 1,00 m} = 5,84 t
Q2 = 8 t - { ½ (2 t/m + 2.67 t/m) x 2.00 m } = 3.33 t
Q3 = 8 t - { ½ (2 t/m + 3 t/m) x 3.00 m} = 0.50 t
Q4 = 8 t - { ½ (2 t/m + 3.33 t/m) x 4.00 m } = -2.66 t ha
changed the sign
Q5= 8 t–{ ½ (2 t/m + 3.67 t/m) x 5.00 m} = -6.18 t
Q6= QB = 8 t–{ ½ (2 t/m + 4 t/m) x 6,00 m} = -10 t

Let's try to identify the section where the shear stress has a null value, for example at 3.15.
The triangular load will have reached that section at the value 0,33 t/m x 3,15 m = 1,05 t
Q34 = 8 t - { ½ (2 t/m + 3.05 t/m) x 3.15 m} = 0.05 t acceptably close to 0
The bending moment, maximum in that section, will be

Mf34= 8 t x 3.15 m–2 t/m x 3.15 m x ½ 3.15 m–½ 1.05 t/m

x 3.15 m x 3.15 m
Mf34= 25.20 tm–9.92 tm–1.74 tm = 13.54 tm

We will make the drawing approximately, since it is quite

complicated to calculate the bending moment in sections
intermediate