Abstract
This project investigates Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s Horn Concerto No. 4 in E-flat
major, K. 495, composed in 1786 for the hornist Joseph Ignaz Leutgeb, focusing on the
relationship between composer and performer and how the technical limitations of the natural
horn influenced Mozart’s musical language. Using methodologies such as critical source review,
manuscript examination, and contextual and analytical listening, the study seeks to connect the
historical and social context of Mozart’s time with practical performance considerations. A
comparative analysis of two recordings by Hermann Baumann—one on natural horn with
Nikolaus Harnoncourt and another on modern horn with Pinchas Zukerman—serves as the
practical core of the research, offering a rare perspective on the stylistic differences between
historically informed performance and modern interpretation. By examining phrasing,
articulation, tuning, and tone color, the project demonstrates how an understanding of the
instrument’s history can guide expressive choices today. Ultimately, it proposes that knowledge
of both context and technique allows performers to approach Mozart’s K. 495 with greater
authenticity, creativity, and communicative depth, bridging historical practice and contemporary
interpretation to bring the concerto vividly to life for modern audiences.