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Flow Classification Teaching Notes

The document outlines various classifications of fluid flow, including time-based (steady and unsteady), space-based (uniform and non-uniform), and motion-based classifications using Reynolds and Froude numbers. It also discusses specific energy concepts and differentiates between open channel and closed conduit flows, as well as prismatic and non-prismatic channel geometries. Additionally, it addresses the compressibility of fluids, distinguishing between incompressible liquids and compressible gases.

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Agasthya Institute
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7 views1 page

Flow Classification Teaching Notes

The document outlines various classifications of fluid flow, including time-based (steady and unsteady), space-based (uniform and non-uniform), and motion-based classifications using Reynolds and Froude numbers. It also discusses specific energy concepts and differentiates between open channel and closed conduit flows, as well as prismatic and non-prismatic channel geometries. Additionally, it addresses the compressibility of fluids, distinguishing between incompressible liquids and compressible gases.

Uploaded by

Agasthya Institute
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Ace Agasthya Coaching Classes

Flow Classification – Teaching Notes with Mathematical


Expressions

1. Based on Time
• Steady Flow: ∂V/∂t = 0
• Unsteady Flow: ∂V/∂t ≠ 0

2. Based on Space
• Uniform Flow: ∂V/∂x = 0
• Non-uniform Flow: ∂V/∂x ≠ 0

3. Based on Fluid Motion (Reynolds Number)


Reynolds number: Re = V·R/ν
• Laminar (Re < 500)
• Transitional (500 < Re < 2000)
• Turbulent (Re > 2000)

4. Based on Depth/Energy (Froude Number)


Froude number: Fr = V/√(gD)
• Subcritical (Fr < 1)
• Critical (Fr = 1)
• Supercritical (Fr > 1)

5. Specific Energy Concept


Specific Energy: E = y + V²/(2g)
• At minimum E → Critical depth.
• Two depths for same E = Alternate depths.

6. Based on Pressure Surface


• Open Channel Flow: Free surface exposed to atmosphere.
• Closed Conduit Flow: No free surface (pipes).

7. Based on Channel Geometry


• Prismatic: Constant cross-section, slope, roughness.
• Non-prismatic: Varies along length.

8. Based on Compressibility
• Incompressible: Liquids (ρ = constant).
• Compressible: Gases (ρ varies with p, T).

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