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MATLAB Data Handling and Operations Guide

The document provides an overview of MATLAB, covering data types, data flow, vectors, matrix operations, reshaping matrices, arrays, colon notation, numeric types, strings, functions, file input-output, and data import/export. It highlights key concepts such as matrix creation, indexing, and user-defined functions. Additionally, it discusses various file formats supported by MATLAB for data handling.

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tanishqbisht90
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12 views4 pages

MATLAB Data Handling and Operations Guide

The document provides an overview of MATLAB, covering data types, data flow, vectors, matrix operations, reshaping matrices, arrays, colon notation, numeric types, strings, functions, file input-output, and data import/export. It highlights key concepts such as matrix creation, indexing, and user-defined functions. Additionally, it discusses various file formats supported by MATLAB for data handling.

Uploaded by

tanishqbisht90
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MATLAB Notes

1. Data and Data Flow in MATLAB


• MATLAB is a matrix-based programming environment.
• Data types include numeric, character, logical, cell, structure, etc.
• Workspace: Stores variables created during execution.
• Data Flow:
o Data input → Processing using operators/functions → Output
(display, plot, file).
o Example:
o x = [1 2 3 4]; % Input
o y = x.^2; % Processing
o disp(y); % Output

2. Vectors
• A vector is a 1D array (row or column).
• row = [1 2 3 4]; % Row vector
• col = [1; 2; 3; 4]; % Column vector
• Indexing:
• row(2) % 2nd element → 2
• col(3) % 3rd element → 3

3. Matrix Operations & Operators


• Matrix creation:
• A = [1 2; 3 4];
• B = [5 6; 7 8];
• Operators:
o Addition/Subtraction: A + B, A - B
o Multiplication: A * B (matrix multiplication), A .* B (element-wise)
o Division: A / B, A ./ B
o Power: A^2, A.^2 (element-wise)
• Transpose: A'

4. Reshaping Matrices
• Change dimensions using reshape:
• A = [1 2 3 4 5 6];
• B = reshape(A, 2, 3); % 2 rows, 3 columns

5. Arrays
• MATLAB supports multi-dimensional arrays.
• A = rand(3,3,2); % 3×3×2 array
• Access elements:
• A(2,3,1) % element at row=2, col=3, page=1

6. Colon Notation
• Range creation:
• v = 1:5; % [1 2 3 4 5]
• v = 0:2:10; % [0 2 4 6 8 10]
• Submatrix extraction:
• A = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9];
• A(:,2) % all rows, 2nd column → [2;5;8]
• A(1,:) % 1st row → [1 2 3]

7. Numbers
• Numeric types: double (default), single, int8, int16, int32, etc.
• Example:
• x = int16(100);
• class(x) % returns 'int16'

8. Strings
• Two types:
o Character arrays: 'Hello'
o String objects: "Hello"
• Concatenation:
• s1 = "Data";
• s2 = "Flow";
• s = s1 + " " + s2; % "Data Flow"
• Functions: strlength, strcat, split, upper, lower.

9. Functions
• User-defined functions:
• function y = squareNum(x)
• y = x^2;
• end
• Stored in a separate .m file with the same name.
• Anonymous functions:
• f = @(x) x^2 + 2*x + 1;
• f(3) % 16

10. File Input-Output


• Reading/Writing text files:
• % Write
• fid = fopen('[Link]','w');
• fprintf(fid,'Hello MATLAB\n');
• fclose(fid);
•

• % Read
• fid = fopen('[Link]','r');
• line = fgetl(fid);
• fclose(fid);
• MAT-files (native format):
• save [Link] A B % save variables
• load [Link] % load variables

11. Importing and Exporting Data


• CSV:
• T = readtable('[Link]'); % import
• writetable(T,'[Link]'); % export
• Excel:
• xlsread('[Link]');
• xlswrite('[Link]',A);
• Other formats: MATLAB supports .mat, .txt, .dat, .json, SQL databases,
etc.

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