What will be annual saving/ Calculate the flat rate

(b) A factory has a maximum load of 240 kW at 0-8 p.f. lagging with an annual
consumption of 50,000 units. The tariff' is Tk 50 per kVA of maximum demand
plus 10 paisa per unit. Calculate the flat rate of energy consumption. What will be
annual saving if p. f. is raised to unity?- 2023, 2022

A factory has a maximum load of 240 kW at 0-8 p.f. lagging with an annual
consumption of 50,000 units. The tariff is Tk. 50 per kVA of maximum demand
plus Tk. 0.1 per unit. Calculate the flat rate of energy consumption. What will be
annual saving if p. 1. is [Link] unity 2021

(b) A factory has a maximum load of 240 kW at 0-8 p.f. lagging with an annual
consumption of 50,000 units. The tariff is Tk. 50 per kVA of maximum demand
plus 10 paisa per unit. Calculate the flat rate of energy consumption. What will be
annual saving if p. f. is raised to unity? 2020

(b) The maximum demand of a consumer is 20 A at 220 V and his total energy
consumption is 8760 kWh. If the energy is charged at the rate of 20 paisa per unit
for 500 hours use of the maximum demand per annum plus 10 paisa per unit
additional units, calculate: (i) annual bill, (ii) equivalent flat rate. 2018

B, The maximum demand of a consumer is 20 A at 220 V and his total energy

consumption is 8760 kWh. If the energy is charged at the rate of Tk. 0.2 per unit for
500 hours use of the maximum demand per annum plus Tk. 0.1 per unit for
additional units, calculate (1)annual bill (ii) equivalent flat rate.

Calculate the volume of aluminum conductor

(c) A 50 km long transmission line supplies a load of 5 MVA at 0-8 p.f. lagging at
33kV. The efficiency of transmission is 90%. Calculate the volume of aluminium
conductor required for the line when (i) single phase, 2-wire system is used (ii) 3-
phase, 3-wire system is used. The specific resistance of aluminium is 2-85 x100-m.
2022

(b) A 50 km long transmission line supplies a load of 5 MVA at 0-8 p.f. lagging at 33
kV. The efficiency of transmission is 90%, Calculate the volume of aluminum
conductor required for the line when (i) single phase, 2-wire systein is used (ii) 3-
phase, 3-wire system is used. The specific resistance of aluminium is 2-85 x10 2-m.
2020.

What is the percentage in copper feeder

(b) What is the percentage in copper feeder if the line voltage in a.2-wire d.c. system
is raised from 220 V to 500 V for the same power transmitted over the same
distance and having the same power loss? 2021,2022

Calculate the annual saving

(b) The load on an installation is 800 kW, 0.8 lagging power factor which works for
3000 hours per 7 annum. The tariff is 100 Tk per kVA plus 20 paisa per kWh. If
the power factor is improved to 0.9 lagging by means of loss free capacitors costing
60 Tk per kVAR, calculate the annual saving effected. Allow 10% per annum for
interest and depreciation on capacitors. 2019

(b) The load on an installation is 800 kW, 0.8 lagging power factor which works for
7 3000 hours per annum. The tariff is 100 Tk per 100 kVA plus 20 paisa per kWh.
If the power factor is improved to 0.9 lagging by means of loss free capacitors costing
60 Tk per kVAR, calculate the annual saving effected. Allow 10% per annum for
interest and depreciation on capacitors. 2017

Calculate the capacitance

(b) A single-phase motor connected to 400 V, 50 Hz supply takes 31-7A at a power

factor of 0-7 lagging. Calculate the capacitance required in parallel with the motor to
raise the power factor to 0-9 lagging2022

(b) A single phase motor connected to 400 V, 50 Hz supply takes 31-7A at a power
factor of 0-7 lagging. Calculate the capacitance required in parallel with the motor to
raise the power factor to 0-9 lagging. 2020.
Calculate its annual load factor.

(b) A 100 MW power station delivers 100 MW for 2 hours, 50 MW for 6 hours and
is shut down for the rest of each day. It is also shut down for maintenance for 45
days each year. Calculate its annual load factor. 2023

(b) A 100 MW power station delivers 100 MW for 2 hours, 50 MW for 6 hours and
is shut down for the rest of each day. It is also shut down for maintenance for 45
days each year. Calculate its annual load factor. 2022

b) A 100 MW power station delivers 100 MW for 2 hours, 50 MW for 6 hours and
is shut down for the rest of each day. It is also shut down for maintenance för 45
days each year. Calculate its annual load factor. 2021

Determine the capacitance of each capacitor

(b) A 3 phase 50 Hz, 400 V motor develops 100 HP (74.6 W), the power factor
being 0.75 lagging and efficiency 93%. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta
across the supply terminals and power factor raised to 0.95 lagging. Each of the
capacitance units is built of 4 similar 100 V capacitors. Determine the capacitance of
each capacitor. 2019

(c) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 400 V motor develops 100 H.P. (74.6 kW), the power factor
being 0.75 lagging and efficiency 93%. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta
across the supply terminals and power factor raised to 0.95 lagging. Each of the
capacitance units is built of 4 similar 100 V capacitors. Determine the capacitance of
each capacitor. 2016

Find the most economical size of the conductor

(c) The cost of a 3-phase overhead transmission line is Tk (25000 a +2500) per km
where 'a' is the area of X-section of each conductor in cm². The line is supplying a
load of 5 MW at 33kV and 0-8 p.f. lagging assumed to be constant throughout the
year. Energy cost is 4 paisa per kWh. Interest and depreciation total is 10% per
annum. Find the most economical size of the conductor. Given that specific
resistance of conductor material is 102 cm. 2023

(c) The cost of a 3-phase overhead transmission line is Tk (25000 a 2500) per km
where 'a' is the area of X-section of each conductor in cm³. The line is supplying a
load of 5 MW at 33kV and 0-8 p.f. lagging assumed to be constant throughout the
year. Energy costs Tk 4 per kWh and interest and depreciation total 10% per
annum. Find the most economic size of the conductor. Given that specific resistance
of conductor material is 100 cm. 2022

(b) The cost of a 3-phase transmission line is Tk (25000a +2500) per km where 'a' is
the area of cross section of each conductor in cm². The line is supplying a load of 5
MW at 33 kV and 0.8 p.f. lagging assumed to be constant throughout the year.
Energy costs 4 paisa per kWh and interest and depreciation total 10% per annum.
Find the economic size of the conductor. Given that specific resistance of conductor
material is 102 cm.2019

(b) If the cost per km of overhead line is Tk. 50,000 a (a is the cross sectional area of
7 the conductor in mm²) and if the interest and depreciation charges on the line are
10%, estimate the most economical current density to use for a transmission
requiring full load current for 60% of the year. The cost of generating electrical
energy per kWh is Tk. 1.00 and resistance of the conductor 1 km long and 1 mm²
cross sectional area is 30 ohm. 2017

2 kilometers long supplies

(b) A distribution system consists of a 10 kV feeder line supplying a loud of 1 MW

at a power factor of 0.8. The line resistance and reactance are 50 and 10 2,
respectively. Calculate the voltage at the sending end. 2023

b) A single-phase distributor 2 kilometers long supplies a load of 120 A at 0-8 p.f.

lagging at its far end and a load of 80 A at 0-9 p.f. lagging at its mid-point. Both
power factors are referred to the voltage at the far end. The resistance and reactance
per km (go and returni are 0:05 12 and 0-1 12. respectively. If the voltage at the far
end is maintained at 230 V
calculate:

(i) voltage at the sending end

(ii) phase angle between voltages at the two ends. 2021

(b) A single phase distributor 2 kilometres long supplies a load of 120 A at 0-8 p.f.
lagging at its far end and a load of 80 A at 0-9 p.f. lagging at its mid-point. Both
power factors are referred to the voltage at the far end. The resistance and reactance
per km (go and return) are 0-05 2 and 0-12 respectively. If the voltage at the far end
is maintained at 230 V,

calculate:

(i) voltage at the sending end

(ii) phase angle between voltages at the two ends. 2020.

Calculate the line to neutral voltage

(b) Each line of a 3-phase system is suspended by a string of 3 similar insulators. If
voltage across the line unit is 17.5 kV, calculate the line to neutral voltage. Assume
that the shunt capacitance between each insulator and earth is 1/8th of the
capacitance of the insulator itself. Also find the string efficiency. 2019

(b) Each line of a 3-phase system is suspended by a string of 3 similar insulators. If 7

the voltage across the line unit is 17.5 kV, calculate the line to neutral voltage.
Assume that the shunt capacitance between each insulator and earth is 1/8th of the
capacitance of the insulator itself. Also find the string efficiency.

2017
 SAG calculation

A transmission line has a span of 150 m between level supports. The conductor has
a cross-sectional area of 2 cm². The tension in the conductor is 2000 kg. If the
specific gravity of the conductor material is 9-9 gm/cm³ and wind pressure is 1-5
kg/m length, calculate the sag. What is the vertical sag? 2023

A transmission line has a span of 150 m between level supports. The conductor has
a cross-sectional area of 2 cm³. The tension in the conductor is 2000 kg. If the
specific gravity of the conductor material is 9-9 gm/cm³ and wind pressure is 1-5
kg/m length, calculate the sag. What is the vertical sag? 2022

(11) Two towers of height 40 m and 30 m respectively support a transmission line

conductor at water crossing. The horizontal distance between the towers is 300 m. If
the tension in the conductor is 1590 kg, find the clearance of the conductor at a
point mid-way between the supports. Weight of conductor is 0.8 kg/m. Bases of the
towers can be considered to be at the water level. 2022

b) The towers of height 30 m and 90 m respectively support a transmission line

conductor at water crossing. The horizontal distance between the towers is 500 m. If
the tension in the conductor is 1600 kg. find the minimum clearance of the
conductor and clearance mid-way between the supports. Weight of conductor is 1-5
kg/m. Bases of the towers can b considered to be at water level. 2021

(b) A transmission line hes a span of 1510 m between levei sapports. The conductor
has a cross-sectional arca of 2 cm². The tension in the conductor is 2000 kg. If the
specific gravity of the conductor material is 9-9 gm/cm³ and wind pressure is 1-5
kg/m length, calculate the sag. What is the vertical sag? 2020

(b) An overhead transmission line at a river crossing is supported from two towers at
6 heights of 40 m and 90 m above water level. The horizontal distance between the
towers being 400 m. If the maximum allowable tension is 2000 kg, find the clearance
between the conductor and water at a point mid-way between the towers. Weight of
conductor is 1 kg/m. .2018

(b) An overhead transmission line at a river crossing is supported from two towers at
6 heights of 50 m and 100 m above the water level. The horizontal distance between
the towers is 400 m. If the maximum allowable tension is 1800 kg and the conductor
weighs 1 kg/m, find the clearance between the conductor and water at the point mid-
way between the supports.2017

(b) Two towers of height 40 m and 30 m respectively support a transmission line

conductor at water crossing. The horizontal distance between the towers is 300 m. If
the tension in the conductor is 1590 kg, find the clearance of the conductor at a
point mid-way between the supports. Weight of conductor is 0.8 kg/m. Bases of the
towers can be considered to be at the water level. 2016

EXTRA

(b) A power station has a maximum demand of 15000 kW. The annual load factor
is 50% and plant capacity factor is 40%. Determine the reserve capacity of the plant.
2022

(b) The following two tariffs are offered :(i) Tk. 100 plus 15 paise per unit; (ii) A flat
rate of 30 paise per unit, At what consumption is first tariff economical? 2022

b) A d.c. 2-wire system is to be converted into a.c. 3-phase, 3-wire system by the
addition of a third conductor of the same cross-section as the two existing
conductors. Calculate the percentage additional load which can now be supplied if
the voltage between wires and the percentage loss in the line remain unchanged.
Assume a balanced load of unity power factor. 2021

(b) A certain 3-phase equilateral transmission line has a total corona loss of 53 kW at
106 kV and a loss of 98 kW at 110.9 kV. What is the disruptive critical voltage?
What is the corona loss at 113 kV? 2018

(b) A certain 3-phase equilateral transmission line has a total corona loss of 53 kW at
7 106 kV and a loss of 98 kW at 110.9 kV. What is the disruptive critical voltage?
What is the corona loss at 113 kV? 2017

(b) If the cost per km of overhead line is Tk. 50,000 a (a is the cross sectional area of
7 the conductor in mm²) and if the interest and depreciation charges on the line are
10%, estimate the most economical current density to use for a transmission
requiring full load current for 60% of the year. The cost of generating electrical
energy per kWh is Tk. 1.00 and resistance of the conductor 1 km long and 1 mm²
cross sectional area is 30 ohm. 2017

(b) A single core cable for use on 11 kV, 50 Hz system has conductor area of 0.645
cm² and internal diameter of sheath is 2.18 cm. The permittivity of the dielectric
used in the cable is 3.5. Find (i) the maximum electrostatic stress in the cable (ii)
minimum electrostatic stress in the cable (iii) capacitance of the cable per km length
(iv) charging current. 2016

(b) The self capacitance of each unit in a string of three suspension insulators is C.
The shunting capacitance of the connecting metal of each insulator to earth is 0.15 C
while for line it is 0.1 C. Calculate (i) the voltage across each insulator as a
percentage of the line voltage to earth and (ii) string efficiency. 2016

PREPARED BY
MEHREB HOSSAIN EVON
AET-58