International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)

ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-8 Issue-6, August 2019

Android Based Cardiac Ejection and Retinal

Function of Human Body in Home Monitoring
System
[Link], V. Agalya, P. Ramesh, [Link], [Link]

 source is coordinated to the subject's eye and the cathodes are

Abstract: The main objective of the paper is to measure carnal associated with the subject's pupil. ERG signal is passed
parameters, such as Blood pressure, Pulse rate, ECG through the microcontroller to convert from analog to digital.
(Electrocardiogram) monitoring, Temperature and retinal
Then output of the ERG is displayed on LCD. Here
function (ERG-Electroretinagram) of a human subject. The
individual is observed inside his own home itself. In this research MATLAB is used for triggering the light source. In [2] this
the patient well being is observed by utilizing sensor and the paper author says that " the present emergency clinics are
procured information is transmitted to a microcontroller unit. The enormous with various wards arranged at better places, for
data is collected by receiver side with Bluetooth and displayed on example, men's wards, ladies' wards, maternity wards, general
android mobile. wards, uncommon rooms, and all the more critically ICU's.
Index Terms: Microcontroller, Blood pressure, ECG,
Temperature, Retinal, Bluetooths
Specialists need to continue checking every one of the
patients in these wards ceaselessly, and this requires
I. INTRODUCTION increasingly number of medical caretakers and other
concerned representatives. It isn't practical for the doctors to
Now days, innovation has entered in all parts of everyday go to each ward and every patient as often as possible for
life. Everyone’s life has become very fast in the present every thirty minutes" .Keeping all these aspects in the mind,
technological environment. People are not cautious and this paper has developed wireless carnal parameter
attention free about their health [1]. Many of the researchers monitoring in home itself. In this framework the patient's
have done their work related to ECG and ERG. In [3] this carnal parameters, for example, body temperature, circulatory
paper only based on ECG monitoring system. Here ECG strain, and heartbeat rate, ECG and ERG can be checked
signal is captured by using sensor and sensed value is passed constantly. This is very much useful to medical application as
to the hospital by using wireless module. In [4] this paper it is compact in size and cost effective. In the event of crisis
based on ballistocardiography (BCG), to measure ballistic for elderly individuals who are enduring with heart infections
force of the heart. In this paper, BCG signal is captured by nonstop checking of the patient [6] is required which is
using sensor and the sensed signal is passed through Data sometimes impractical in the clinic, or if the patient area is far
acquisition (DAQ) and compared with the reference value. away from the medical clinic .In such cases this model circuit
The output is the comparison of two values. So here is a need is valuable to quantify the pulse and temperature of the
to plan a perfect framework that would give us the fast and individual and the data is transmitted to the restorative
precise body condition to send the outcomes to a smart phone warning for the fundamental precautionary measures with the
by means of Bluetooth. Abdurrahman Mohammad Alaql goal that patient can be leveled out, kept from significant
presented a novel ‘Analysis and Processing of Human circumstance before achieving the emergency clinic.
Electroretinagram’. In [5] is based on ERG monitoring of the
patients, where the function of human eye is monitored. The II. DESIGN METHODOLOGY
controlling unit of this device is, where the PC is in charge of
initiating the test by triggering a timed pulse of light. The light In this framework persistent observing of patient's various
parameters, for example, body temperature, circulatory strain
Pulse rate, ECG and retinal capacity are checked and showed
on patient’s side for patients comfort. The same information is
Revised Manuscript Received on August 05, 2019.
[Link], Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, CMR transmitted persistently to the beneficiary side or in
Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. specialist's lodge where the information is gathered with
[Link], Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, CMR Institute Zigbee and Arduino and showed on smart phone. The
of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
[Link], Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, CMR Institute proposed block diagram is shown in Fig 1.
of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
[Link], Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, CMR
Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
[Link], Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, CMR Institute of
Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Published By:
Retrieval Number F8465088619/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.F8465.088619 2043 & Sciences Publication
 Android based Cardiac Ejection and Retinal Function of Human Body in Home Monitoring System

A. Block Diagram III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

A. Simulation Circuit
Simulation circuit of proposed system is shown in Fig.3.
This simulation circuit is made with the help of PROTEUS 8
software. This is the open source software for simulating the
circuit diagram. In this software each components have their
libraries. In simulation time if any components are needed, go
to the pick device option in schematic capture window then
search that components and pick and paste to the working
path.

Fig.1. Block diagram of proposed system.

Electroretinagram module plays a vital role in the proposed
system. That block diagram is shown in Fig 2.
B. Electrorectinagram Module

[Link] diagram.
From fig 3 POT is considered as the sensors. POT is a
Fig.2. Block diagram of Electroretinagram module. variable resistance. In this resistance value is given to the
Electroretinagram module contains of amplifier, band pass microcontroller. But proteus software only accepted the .hex
filter, Analog to digital convertor, and computer. For testing file. So by using the Arduino software .into file is converted
of eye functioning, Electrodes are fixed to the eye corona. into .hex file. Then this program is coded in microcontroller.
Light is frequently passes to the eye vision. The electrodes Microcontroller is used to convert the analog voltage to
will absorb the activity of eye ball pulse value. These pulse digital voltage and this value is display on LCD.
have minimum voltage level and maximum noise. So that B. Simulation Result
signal is pass through the amplifier and band pass filter circuit.
Simulation result of proposed system as shown in Fig4.
Amplifier circuit is used to amplify the signal and band pass
While doing the simulation process get the approximate
filter is used to reduce the noise level of the signal. These
output from the circuit. The output will be changed in
signals are changed over into computerized by utilizing the
accordance with the change in resistance value.
ADC. The outcomes are appeared on PC and furthermore on
LCD. LM35 is an incorporated circuit sensor used to gauge
temperature with an electrical yield relative to centigrade
temperature. Low yield impedance, straight yield, and exact
natural adjustment of the LM35 gadget makes interfacing to
readout. ECG sensor is utilized to quantify the electrical
movement of the heart. That electrical action of the heart sign
is simple in nature. That sign are amazingly loud. The
deliberate pulse sign have least voltage level. So that signal is
passed through the amplifier and band pass filter circuit.
Amplifier circuit is used to amplify the signal and band pass
filter is used to reduce the noise level of the signal. This is
converted into analog to digital by using the microcontroller.
Then result is displayed on computer and LCD. The Arduino
Uno is an 8 bit microcontroller board, which has various types
of controllers ICs, for example AT mega, ATMEL, etc... [Link] Result.
Arduino UNO microcontroller board is used to processing of The maximum and minimum resistance value of the sensor
analog to digital conversion and controlling the receiver part. is given in Table 1.
The Bluetooth is one of the remote correspondence
innovations utilized in a wide range of framework for remote
correspondence. Bluetooth is used to transfer the data from
one place to another place.

Published By:
Retrieval Number F8465088619/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.F8465.088619 2044 & Sciences Publication
 International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)
ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-8 Issue-6, August 2019

Table 1 Resistance value for various sensor

FUNCTION INPUT OUTPUT
MAX-1K Ω ABNORMAL
CARDIAC
MIN-500 Ω NORMAL
MAX-10K Ω ABNORMAL
RETINAL
MIN-500 Ω NORMAL
TEMPERATUR MAX-1K Ω ABNORMAL
E MIN-500 Ω NORMAL [Link] obtain from initial stage.
MAX-1K Ω ABNORMAL The sensors are fixed to the relevant place of the body as
PULSE shown in the figure 7. The sensored values are send through
MIN-16 Ω NORMAL
the microcontroller and displayed on LCD as shown in the
C. Hardware Implementation figure 8.
In this research an android based minimal effort pulse and
body temperature observing framework has been actualized.
The device is compact and light weight with the goal that it
very well may be conveyed effectively anyplace. Different
sensors are utilized to screen the pulse, circulatory strain,
body temperature and convert into computerized structure.
These factors are contrasted and wanted qualities put away in
the processor and showed on the LCD show and send to
android versatile through Bluetooth. Equipment execution of
proposed framework is appeared in figure 5.

Fig.7. Hardware setup.

[Link] parameters.
Hardware kit is interfaced to computer with the help of
RS232 cable and Output of ECG, ERG, pulse rate and
temperature values are viewed in the computer by using Lab
VIEW software as shown in Fig. 9.

Fig.5. Hardware implementation of proposed system.

Here Pulse sensor and LM35 sensor detects the beat, pulse,
circulatory strain and temperature. Electrodes are fixed to the
hand and eye corona to sense the ECG and retinal function.
These sensed values are transmitted to the amplifier circuit
through the microcontroller unit. Crystal oscillator generates
11.0952MHz of signals used to operate microcontroller. The
data of the sensor circuit convert to ADC and displays the
values on LCD and also on android mobile via Bluetooth.
The following results are obtained while testing: figure 6 [Link] output using Lab VIEW.
shows the display of heart beat, body temperature. The patient can monitor As a result for those patients for
whom it is must to monitor our body condition continuously
using android mobile phone.

IV. CONCLUSION
In the proposed system the prototype contain ATmega328
Microcontroller, Bluetooth module, LCD, individual sensors
and other equipment circuit to send the message to the
[Link] Screen displayed after switch on the kit.
corresponding observer mobile phone for playing it safe to
At the initial stage, the sensors reads zero, when not in take care about the patient in a
contact with the human body except temperature, as the given fixed time interim. The
temperature sensor reads room temperature. auto alert office in this

Published By:
Retrieval Number F8465088619/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.F8465.088619 2045 & Sciences Publication
 Android based Cardiac Ejection and Retinal Function of Human Body in Home Monitoring System

frameworks works for the strange conditions, when the years of experience in teaching. His research topics include Power electronic
applications in Renewable Energy Systems.
perusing of the indispensable signs surpasses from fixed level.
The gadget has enough extent of progress in further research. [Link] obtained his B.E in Electrical and
In future , enhancement of this work can be done by adding Electronics Engineering in 1997 from Noorul Islam
automatic administration of medicines to the patients during College of Engineering, India. He obtained his M.E
degree in Applied Electronics in 1999 from Hindustan
the critical conditions and to track the location of the people
College of Engineering, India. He has over 19 years of
by using GPS tracking system. In Automatic Injection System, teaching / research experience. Currently he is working as
when the level of heart beat goes high or too low, this system an Associate Professor and Head of Center of Excellence in the Department
will inject the medicine into body of the patient automatically. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, CMR Institute Technology,
Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. His areas of interests are Control systems,
GPS Tracker is used to track the patient at any period of time. Robotics and Automation. He served as Reviewer in International Journals
Added to this features, the patient also gets advice from the and committee member in various international conferences. His
pre stored voice recorder. professional memberships are Senior Member IEEE and Member IET.

M. Hari obtained his [Link] in Electrical and

REFERENCES Electronics Engineering in 2013 from Madanapalle
Institute of Engineering and Technology (MITS),
1. Prasad Kumari Nisha, Yadav Vinita” Heart Rate Monitoring and Data
Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India. He obtained his
Transmission via Bluetooth”International Journal of Innovative and
[Link] degree in Power Electronics in 2016 from
Emerging Research in Engineering Volume 2, Issue 2, 2015.
Sreenivasa Institute of Technology and Management
2. Chaya Khandelwal S. and Manish Patil M. “Implementation of Patient
(Autonomous), Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India. He has over 2 years of
Monitoring System Using GSM Technology”, International Journal of
teaching experience. Currently he is working as a faculty in the Department
Electronics and Communication technology Volume 4, Issue1, 2014.
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, CMR Institute Technology,
3. R. Fensli, E. Gunn arson, T. Gunderson “A wearable ECG-recording
Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. His area of interests are Multilevel Inverters
system or continuous arrhythmia monitoring in a wireless
and it’s applications, Pulse Width Modulation Techniques and AC drives.
tele-home-care situation” computer based medical system, 18th IEEE
symposium, 2005.
4. Shuvo roy, omer T. inan “Towards continuous, non invasive assessment
of ventricular function and Hemodynamic: wearable Ballis to
cardiography” IEEE J Biomed Health Inform, volume 19, issue 4,
pp:1435-1442, 2015.
5. Qun Hou, “Research and Implementation of Remote Heart Rate
Monitoring System Based on GSM and MCU”, Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, 2015.
6. Harshavardhan B. Patil, [Link] “Arduino Based Wireless
Biomedical Parameter Monitoring System Using Zigbee” International
Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 28
Number 7 - October 2015.
7. Abdurrahman Mohammad “Alaql Analysis and Processing of Human
Electroretinagram” University of South Florida Scholar Commons ,
March 2016.
8. Uma Shankar, Panse M S “Electroretinagram (ERG) Signal Processing
& Analysis in LABVIEW” Published at Advances in Medical
Informatics Volume 1, Issue 1, on 2014.

AUTHORS PROFILE
Kodandapani. D has obtained his B.E in Electrical and
Electronics Engineering in 2007 from Sri Venkateswara
Institute of Science and Technology, Thiruvallur,
Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. He obtained his M.E. degree
in Power Electronics and Drives in 2011 from Madha
Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. He has over 10 years of
teaching experience. Currently he is working as Assistant professor in the
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, CMR Institute
Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. His area of interests are
Renewable Energy Sources and Power Electronics.

[Link] completed Ph.D in Electrical Engineering

from Anna University, Chennai. She has completed
master degree in power electronics drives from SVCE,
Chennai. She has completed UG degree in B.E from
VKMV, Salem. She has published 15 papers in
international and national journals. She is a member in
LISTE, IEEE. She has received many awards and rewards during her
teaching carrier. Currently working as an associate professor in
CMRIT,Bengaluru. Her area of interest in Power Electronics, Biomedical
Engineering, Artificial intelligence techniques and VLSI.

[Link] obtained his UG degree in Electrical

Engineering from the Institution of Engineers (India),
PG degree in Applied Electronics from [Link]
University, Chennai and PhD from Anna University,
Chennai, in the year 2018. He is presently working as
Associate Professor and Head-Department Research
Committee in CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India. He has 18

Published By:
Retrieval Number F8465088619/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.F8465.088619 2046 & Sciences Publication