Software Skill Development in Civil Engineering
Software Skill Development in Civil Engineering
TO BE UNIVERSITY
Accredited by NAAC with 'A' Grade (3rdcycle)
GANDHIGRAM-624 302, DINDIGUL (DT)
Date: Staff-in-charge
Certified that the report book is submitted for the University Practical
Examination
EPS:
•Enterprise project structure (EPS) represents the hierarchical structure of all
projects in the database. EPS can be divided into as many levels or nodes as
needed to represent work in any organization.
WBS:
• Project managers use the work breakdown structure to identify the task that the
project team must complete and break it down into separate tasks.
• The process works backwards from the work that is required to achieve the goals
of the project.
OBS:
• OBS preparation uses a process similar to that of WBS, but for organizational
structure rather than work.
• Project management breaks down the project team into organizational units that
will take on specific responsibilities.
• The key is to create an organizational unit to perform every function of the WBS.
• When WBS includes tasks such as foundation excavation, OBS must have an
organizational unit to perform that particular task.
Project Portal:
• A portfolio is a collection of projects. Group projects into a portfolio so that you
can easily view data from multiple projects at once.
Event:
An event is a point in time, a milestone in total work to complete. It marks
the beginning and end of an activity. Events do not consume resources or time.
Events are numbered with those at the tail of the activity, which is a lower number
of events (left to right) than the events at the head of each activity arrow.
Events are represented by circles (nodes).
Activities:
Elements that work in a project or WBS. The activities usually have an
expected duration, cost and resources or role requirements. Collectively, all
activities form the foundation of the entire project, driving resource assignments,
relationships, constraints, expenses, and duration. The activities are sometimes
divided into any discrete steps.
Resources:
A resource is in sufficient quantity with limited supply and has sufficient
value to track and assign specific activities to a project. Resources include general
or special labour, non-labour items such as equipment, and material items such as
bricks.
Gantt chart:
The Gantt chart is a bar chart that shows the beginning and ending of the
deliberative elements of work activities and ordering those activities on a timeline
to show the order in which the work is to be completed.
Types of calendars:
⚫ P6 uses three types of calendars: global, resource, and project-level. A
calendar must be assigned to each activity and is used to identify when work
may occur.
⚫ The Global calendar created by individual users. These calendars are
accessible to all projects in the EPS network and are available for all resources
and activities.
⚫ The Resource calendar is used to determine when a resource can operate,
and the limitations of that period are determined by the definition of changes
on that resource.
⚫ The project calendar is created by the project manager or scheduler for
specific project usage. The project calendar defines when activities can
progress. These calendars are similar to the global calendar, but are only
available within a specified project
Project:
A project is a set of activities and associated information that constitutes a
plan for creating a product or service. A project has a start and finish date, work
breakdown structure (WBS), and any number of activities, relationships,
baselines, expenses, risks, issues, thresholds, and work products and documents.
A project may also have its own website. While resources typically extend
across all projects, each project has its own resource assignments. Calendars,
reports, and activity codes may span projects, they can also be project-specific.
Activity
Activities are the fundamental work elements of a project. They are the
lowest level of a work breakdown structure (WBS) and, as such, are the
smallest subdivision of a project that directly concerns the project manager.
Although you can divide activities into steps, an activity's primary resource is
typically responsible for managing and tracking the progress of an activity's
steps, while the project manager is typically responsible for managing and
tracking the progress of the overall activity.
Data Date
The data date is the date up to which actual performance data is reported
and the date from which future work is scheduled. The data date always starts at
the beginning of the day. It is the date used as the starting point for remaining
work schedule calculations.
Early Start
The earliest possible date the remaining work for the activity can begin.
This date is calculated based on activity relationships, schedule constraints, and
resource availability. The Early Start equals the Remaining Start unless you
preserve the scheduled early dates when utilizing leveling.
Late Start
The latest possible date the remaining work for the activity must begin
without delaying the project finish date. This date is calculated based on activity
relationships, schedule constraints, and resource availability. The Late Start
equals the Remaining Late Start unless you preserve the scheduled late dates
when utilizing leveling.
Planned Start
For an activity that is not started the planned start is the date the activity is
scheduled to begin. This date is set to equal the early start date by can be
updated manually. This date is not changed once you apply an Actual Start Date .
Anticipated Start
Is the expected start date of the project, EPS node, or WBS level. This is
used during the planning phase. This date is manually entered and is not
affected by scheduling. An anticipated start date cannot be entered at the
activity level.
Remaining Start
The earliest possible date the remaining work for the activity is scheduled
to begin. This date is calculated but can be updated manually by the user.
Before the activity is started, the Remaining Start is the same as the Planned
Start. Once the activity has started, the Remaining Start is equal to the Data
Date. When the activity is complete, the Remaining Start is blank.
Constraint
A date restriction used to reflect project requirements that cannot be built into
the network logic.
Constraint Date
The constraint date for the activity is the date for which the activity's constraint
applies. You can enter a primary and secondary constraint. Depending on the
constraint type, this date could be a start date or a finish date. For example, if
the constraint is a Start On constraint, the constraint date is the date on which
the activity must start. If the activity does not have a constraint, this field will be
empty.
Anticipated Finish
Is the expected finish date of the project, EPS node, or WBS level. This is used
during the planning phase. This date is manually entered and is not affected by
scheduling. An anticipated finish date cannot be entered at the activity level.
Remaining Finish
The earliest possible date the remaining work for the activity is scheduled to
finish. This date is calculated but can be updated manually by the user. Before
the activity is started, the Remaining Finish is the same as the Planned Finish.
When the activity is complete, the Remaining Finish is blank.
Resources
Resources are classified as the labour, non labour and material required to carry
out the work on activities across all projects. Labor and non labour resources are
time-based and material resources use unit of measure. Create and assign resource
calendars and define a resource’s roles, contact information, and timevarying
prices.
Steps
Activity steps provide the functionality to break activities down into smaller
units and track the completion of those units. These units can be used to control
the percent complete recorded on the activities in the project file by using
weights assigned to each step, or as a checklist to ensure that no steps are
missed but have the activity percent complete controlled separately.
Predecessor
An activity that must occur before another activity. A predecessor activity
controls the start or finish date of its successors depending on the relationship
type assigned. An activity can have multiple predecessors, each with a different
relationship to it.
Successor
An activity that must occur after another activity. An activity can have multiple
successors, each with a different relationship to it.
Critical Path
The critical path is a series of activities that determines a project's completion
date.
Free Float
The amount of time an activity can be delayed from its Early Start without
delaying the activities that immediately follow (successor activities).
Total Float
The amount of time an activity can be delayed from its Early Start without
delaying the project. It is the difference between an activity’s late dates and
early dates and is automatically calculated each time the project is scheduled.
Layout
Customized view of information in a window, combining all the visual elements
that appear on the screen. Layouts are available in the Projects, WBS, Activities
and Tracking windows.
Roles
Roles are project personnel job titles or skills, such as mechanical engineer,
inspector, or carpenter. They represent a type of resource with a certain level of
proficiency rather than a specific individual. Roles can also be assigned to
specific resources to further identify that resource's skills.
WBS
A hierarchical arrangement of the products and services produced during and by
a project. An element usually represents a deliverable, product or service and
contains the activities needed to produce the deliverable. It enables division of a
project into logical pieces for the purpose of planning and control.
Filter
A filter temporarily limits the projects or activities that appear on screen,
according to criteria you establish. One example, you can view active projects
or activities scheduled to start during the next three weeks. You can apply one or
more filters to the layout at any time.
Lag
Lag specifies an offset or delay between an activity and its successor. It can be
added to any relationship type and can be positive or negative. There are four
calendar types available for scheduling lag, the predecessor activity calendar,
the successor activity calendar, the 24-hour calendar and the project default
calendar.
Work Product
Is a project document that is a project deliverable and will be turned over to the
project’s end user or customer.
Reference Document
Is a project document that can be referenced by a project participant for the
purpose of providing standards or guidelines for performing work.
Baseline
A baseline is a copy of the project plan used as a basis for comparison when
evaluating progress of an updated project. The baseline provides a target against
which to track a project’s cost, schedule and resource performance.
Level of Effort
A level of effort activity’s duration is dependent on its predecessor and/or
successor activities. Level of effort activities cannot have constraints assigned
to them. Level of effort activities are not included when leveling resources.
Finish Milestone
A finish milestone activity is used to mark the end of a major stage in the
project. Since a finish milestone activity has zero duration, it is sometimes
referred to as a “zero duration activity.”
Duration Type
The basis for estimating the selected activity's completion time. An activity's
duration type can be Fixed Units/Time, Fixed Duration & Units/Time, Fixed
Units, or Fixed Duration & Units. You can select a new duration type.
Fixed Units/Time
When using Fixed Units/Time the resource units per time are constant when the
activity duration or units are changed. This type is used when an activity has
fixed resources with fixed productivity output per time period. You most often
choose this duration type when you are using resource dependent activities.
Duration % Complete
When using Duration % Complete to update an activity the selected activity's
Activity % Complete is tied to its Duration % Complete.
Units % Complete
When using Units % Complete to update an activity the selected activity's
Activity % Complete is tied to its Units % Complete.
Procedure involved in Primavera;
● EPS
● open project
● set calendar
● WBS
● Create activity
● OBS
● issues
residential building construction Classic Schedule Layout 21-Jun-24 17:59
Activity ID Activity Name Original Duration Remaining Schedule % Start Finish Total
Duration Complete Float
59 59 0% 01-Jun-24 02-Aug-24 0
001s resresidential building
constr
2 2 0% 01-Jun-24 03-Jun-24 0
001s.1 levelling
site clearance 1 1 100% 01-Jun-24 01-Jun-24
A1000
8 8 0% 04-Jun-24 11-Jun-24 0
001s.2 foundation
excavation and pcc 1 1 100% 04-Jun-24 04-Jun-24
A1020
3 3 0% 12-Jun-24 14-Jun-24 0
001s.3 plinth beam
concreting 1 1 100% 14-Jun-24 14-Jun-24
A1070
5 5 0% 15-Jun-24 20-Jun-24 0
001s.4 basement
floor finishing 1 1 100% 20-Jun-24 20-Jun-24
A1100
6 6 0% 21-Jun-24 27-Jun-24 0
001s.5 brickwork
brick work 6 6 0% 21-Jun-24 27-Jun-24
A1110
2 2 0% 28-Jun-24 29-Jun-24 0
001s.6 lintel work
tlintel beam 2 2 0% 28-Jun-24 29-Jun-24
A1120
3 3 0% 01-Jul-24 03-Jul-24 0
001s.7 beam
roroof
concreting 1 1 0% 03-Jul-24 03-Jul-24
A1140
7 7 0% 04-Jul-24 11-Jul-24 0
001s.8 slab
roroof
concreting 1 1 0% 11-Jul-24 11-Jul-24
A1180
3 3 0% 12-Jul-24 15-Jul-24 0
001s.9orwashing
cocol
colour washing 3 3 0% 12-Jul-24 15-Jul-24
A1190
2 2 0% 16-Jul-24 17-Jul-24 0
001s.10 electrical work
wiring works 2 2 0% 16-Jul-24 17-Jul-24
A1200
2 2 0% 18-Jul-24 19-Jul-24 0
001s.11 ppl umbing work
plumbing 2 2 0% 18-Jul-24 19-Jul-24
A1210
001s.12001s.12
pap
paver work 2 2 0% 20-Jul-24 22-Jul-24
A1220
001s.13001s.13
titile
tile work 3 3 0% 23-Jul-24 25-Jul-24
A1230
001s.14001s.14
inint
interior decor 2 2 0% 26-Jul-24 27-Jul-24
A1240
001s.15001s.15
eex
exterior design 2 2 0% 29-Jul-24 30-Jul-24
A1250
3 3 0% 31-Jul-24 02-Aug-24 0
001s.16001s.16 fafall ceiling
Page 1 of 4
TASK filter: All Activities
© Oracle Corporation
Activity ID Activity Name Original Duration Remaining Schedule % Start Finish Total
Duration Complete Float
52 52 0% 11-Jul-24 20-Sep-24 0
NEWPROJ civil infra
3 3 0% 11-Jul-24 15-Jul-24 0
NEWPROJ.1 foundation
3 3 0% 11-Jul-24 15-Jul-24
A1000 site clearance
4 4 0% 16-Jul-24 19-Jul-24 0
NEWPROJ.2 basement
4 4 0% 16-Jul-24 19-Jul-24
A1010 sand filling
4 4 0% 22-Jul-24 25-Jul-24 0
NEWPROJ.3 superstructure
4 4 0% 22-Jul-24 25-Jul-24
A1020 brick
26 26 0% 26-Jul-24 30-Aug-24 0
NEWPROJ.4 interior
26 26 0% 26-Jul-24 30-Aug-24
A1030 fall ceiling
5 5 0% 02-Sep-24 06-Sep-24 0
NEWPROJ.5 exterior
A1040 paint 5 5 0% 02-Sep-24 06-Sep-24
site clearance
19-Jul-24, NEWPROJ.2 basement
sand filling
25-Jul-24, NEWPROJ.3 superstructure
b ri c k
30-Aug-24, NEWPROJ.4 interior
fall ceiling
06-Sep-24, NEWPROJ.5 exterior
p a in t
13-Sep-24, NEWPROJ.6 tile work
f in i s h in g
20-Sep-24, NEWPROJ.7 paver
s t on e
Activity ID Activity Name Original Duration Remaining Schedule % Start Finish Total
Duration Complete
Float
0 0 0% 0
(New Project)
190 190 0% 11-Jul-24 02-Apr-25 0
Santos
26 26 0% 11-Jul-24 15-Aug-24 0
Foundation
1 1 0% 15-Aug-24 15-Aug-24 0
A1070 Backfill
1 1 0% 25-Jul-24 25-Jul-24 0
A1050 Concrete
3 3 0% 22-Jul-24 24-Jul-24 0
A1040 Reinforcement
1 1 0% 16-Jul-24 16-Jul-24 0
A1030 Pcc
1 1 0% 15-Jul-24 15-Jul-24 0
A1020 Excavation
1 1 0% 12-Jul-24 12-Jul-24 0
A1010 Marking
45 45 0% 16-Aug-24 17-Oct-24 0
Basement
4 4 0% 14-Oct-24 17-Oct-24 0
A1110 Column raising
1 1 0% 11-Oct-24 11-Oct-24 0
A1100 Sand fill
3 3 0% 18-Sep-24 20-Sep-24 0
A1090 Plinth beam
3 3 0% 04-Sep-24 06-Sep-24 0
A1080 Brick work
34 34 0% 07-Nov-24 24-Dec-24 0
Superstructure
1 1 0% 24-Dec-24 24-Dec-24 0
A1150 Lintel beam
4 4 0% 18-Dec-24 23-Dec-24 0
A1140 Formwork for lintel
5 5 0% 27-Nov-24 03-Dec-24 0
A1130 Brickwork upto lintel
26 26 0% 14-Jan-25 18-Feb-25 0
Roofing
21 21 0% 21-Jan-25 18-Feb-25 0
A1180 Curing
1 1 0% 20-Jan-25 20-Jan-25 0
A1170 Concreting
31 31 0% 19-Feb-25 02-Apr-25 0
Parapat
7 7 0% 25-Mar-25 02-Apr-25 0
A1210 Painting
10 10 0% 11-Mar-25 24-Mar-25 0
A1200 Plastering
4 4 0% 19-Feb-25 24-Feb-25 0
A1190 Brickwork
Actual Level of Page 1 of 3
Effort TASK filter: All Activities
© Oracle Corporation
Actual Work
( N e w P r o je c t ) . . . Classic Schedule Layout 11- Jul-24 23:27
Qtr 1, 2025 Qtr 2, 2025 Qtr 3, 2025
D ec Jan Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug
02-Apr-25, Santos
24-Dec-24, Superstructure
Lintel beam
Formwork for lintel
Brickwork upto lintel
ork upto sill level
18-Feb-25, Roofing
C u r in g
Concreting
S h u tt e r i n g
02-Apr-25, Parapat
P a i n ti n g
P l a s te r i n g
B ri c k w o rk
7 7 19-Jul-24 29-Jul-24
NEWPROJ.2 basement
brickwork plastring 3 3 19-Jul-24 23-Jul-24
A1050
4 4 24-Jul-24 29-Jul-24
A1060
3 3 30-Jul-24 01-Aug-24
NEWPROJ.3
superstractur
brick work 2 2 30-Jul-24 31-Jul-24
A1070
NEWPROJ.4
rainforcement 3 3 02-Aug-24 06-Aug-24
A1090
NEWPROJ.5
3 3 06-Sep-24 10-Sep-24
A1120 brick work
4 4 11-Sep-24 16-Sep-24
A1130 plastring
Actual Level of Page 1 of 2 TASK filter: All Activities
Effort © Oracle Corporation
Primary Baseline
h o u s e .. . Classic Schedule Layout 12-Jul-24 08:14
Qtr 3, 2024 Qtr 4, 2024
Jun Jul A ug Sep O ct N ov D ec
26-Jul-24, 021 house
excavation
pcc
reinforcement
c o n c r e t in g
b a c k f il li n g
29-Jul-24, NEWPROJ.2 basement
b ri c k w o rk
p l a s tr i n g
01-Aug-24, NEWPROJ.3 superstractur
brick work
lintel work
05-Sep-24, NEWPROJ.4 roofing
rainforcement
concretework
curing
16-Sep-24, NEWPROJ.5 parepat
brick work
p l a s tr i n g
8 8 0% 15-Jul-24
A1010 materials procurement
1 1 0% 25-Jul-24
A1020 site marking
5 5 0% 26-Jul-24
A1030 excavation
1 1 0% 02-Aug-
A1040 bar bending
2 2 0% 05-Aug-
A1050 farming
25 25 0% 07-Aug-
02.2 foundation
7 7 0% 07-Aug-
A1060 pcc
1 1 0% 16-Aug-
A1070 laying matt
4 4 0% 19-Aug-
A1080 column reinforcement
3 3 0% 23-Aug-
A1090 column form work
3 3 0% 28-Aug-
A1100 concreting
3 3 0% 02-Sep-
A1110 curing
2 2 0% 05-Sep-
A1120 bar bending
2 2 0% 09-Sep-
A1130 earth beam
10 10 0% 11-Sep-
02.3 basement
2 2 0% 11-Sep-
A1140 sub structure brick
2 2 0% 13-Sep-
A1150 pcc
3 3 0% 17-Sep-
A1160 plinth beam
18 18 0% 25-Sep-
02.4 superstructure
3 3 0% 25-Sep-
A1180 brick work upto sill
3 3 0% 30-Sep-
A1190 lintel beam
2 2 0% 03-Oct-24
A1200 form work
2 2 0% 07-Oct-2
A1210 brick work
1 1 0% 09-Oct-2
A1220 roof concreting
02.5 1stfloor
25 25 0% 21-Oct-2
3 3 0% 21-Oct-2
A1240 column extension
3 3 0% 24-Oct-2
A1250 curing for column
2 2 0% 29-Oct-2
A1260 brick work upto sill
3 3 0% 31-Oct-2
A1270 lintel
5 5 0% 05-Nov-
A1280 brick work upto lintel
1 1 0% 12-Nov-
A1290 form work
1 1 0% 13-Nov-
A1300 roofing
5 5 0% 14-Nov-
A1310 curing
17 17 0% 25-Nov-
02.6 finishing works
6 6 0% 25-Nov-
A1330 plastering
3 3 0% 03-Dec-
A1340 floor finish
7 7 0% 09-Dec-
A1360 painting
Actual Level of Page 3 of 4
EffortR TASK filter: All Activities
© Oracle Corporation
Actual WorkC
Store Room Classic Schedule Layout 12-Jul-24 07:48
Activity ID Activity Name Original Duration Remaining Schedule % Start Finish Total
Duration Complete Float
40 40 0% 11-Jul-24 04-Sep-24 0
NEWPROJ-1 Store Room
20 20 0% 11-Jul-24 07-Aug-24 0
[Link] Foun
2 2 0% 11-Jul-24 12-Jul-24 0
A1000 Marking
7 7 0% 17-Jul-24* 25-Jul-24 0
A1010 Excavation 4 4 0% 02-Aug-24* 07-Aug-24 0
4 4 0% 30-Aug-24 04-Sep-24 0
NEWPROJ-1.2 RoofFinishing
4 4 0% 30-Aug-24 04-Sep-24 0
A1040 Ready Made Roof
Actual Level of Page 1 of 2
EffortA TASK filter: All Activities
© Oracle Corporation
Primary BaselineR
CONCLUSION