Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Standards
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Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
For General Refinery Services
API STANDARD 660
FIFTH EDITION, JUNE 1193
The exchangers must be made according to the latest version of the TEMA, in accordance with
latest edition of Section VIII, Division I, of the ASME.
The seller or manufacturer must comply with local laws and regulations.
The buyer's requisition must include the specification sheet, a checklist, or another
applicable information. All information necessary for the design of an exchange, including
Any special request or exception to the standards must be provided.
The seller must include, for each unit, a complete specification sheet, or when the sheet
Specifications are provided by the buyer, a report indicating the complete
compliance with the specification sheet.
Unless otherwise specified, a complete set of packaging must be supplied by
each exchanged.
INSPECTION AND TESTING.
7.1 Quality Assurance
7.1.1 materials, and manufacturing in accordance with mechanical design, and the testing of exchangers
The heat must be subject to inspection by the buyer, or their representative, or both.
The seller must notify the buyer at least 5 days before starting production.
The seller must also notify the buyer of the date of the beam insertion, other points of
required inspections and the final inspection.
7.1.3 Unless otherwise specified, the inspector appointed by the buyer must be
entry to the seller's workshop is allowed while the work is being carried out. Unless otherwise
whatever is specified, the seller must provide the inspector with the facilities and some
reasonable opportunities to ensure that the exchanged is being supplied accordingly
with the specifications given in the purchase order.
The unit must not be released for shipment without the approval of the buyer or their
design representative.
7.1.5 When the inspection is specified by the buyer, it must consist of at least
the following:
a. Verify the quality of the welding processes and the quality of the welders and operators.
welding that is being used by the manufacturer.
b. verify that the construction complies with the applicable drawings and their standards.
c. Review or examine the results of a specified non-destructive test.
d. Witness the hydrostatic test and any additional tests specified by the buyer.
e. Examine the required certification of the material test reports and the information
reported by the manufacturer.
7.1.6 Neither the tubes nor the openings of the tubes shall be drilled without notification to the buyer.
The method and procedure for driving shall be subject to the buyer's approval.
7.2 Quality Control.
7.2.1 If a complete (full) radiograph is not defined or required by Section VIII, Division I of the
ASME code, the exchanger or component must have the following radiographic spot:
a. At least one radiographic spot shall be made of each category A and B of joints. The nozzles
soldiers are excluded from these requirements.
b. The radiographic spot must include each start and stop of the welding done with the
automatic submerged arc welding process.
c. The radiographic spot must be at least 10 inches long or must be the full length.
where the weld is less than 10 inches in length.
d. The radiographic spot shall not exceed the porosity standards of Section VIII, Division
I, of the ASME Code, for complete radiography of joints.
7.2.2 The examination by magnetic particles and the acceptance criteria shall be according to
with Appendix 6 of Section VIII, Division I, of the ASME Code.
For non-magnetic materials, a penetrant examination should be used.
instead of any, they examined for required magnetic particles.
7.2.4 The examination by penetrant fluids and the acceptance criteria shall be according to
with Appendix 8 of Section VIII, Division I, of the ASME Code.
7.2.5 The requirements for hardness testing in welds are as follows:
a. The welding metal and the heat-affected zone of welds that retain pressure in
components made of a material that has a number P of 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 must be
tested.
b. The examination must be done after any thermal treatment requisition
post-welding.
c. The hardness test shall not exceed 225 Brinell for materials with P number 1, 3, or 4; or
240 for materials with number P of 5, 6 or 7.
d. The hardness test must be determined using a 10 millimeter diameter ball,
unless otherwise specified.
A longitudinal weld, or a circumferential weld, and each weld connection to
component where the connection is NPS 2" or larger must be tested.
f. If more than one welding procedure is used to produce longitudinal welds or
Circumferentials, hardness readings must be taken from the weld deposits for each
procedure.
7.2.6 For constructions with cladding combined with base material with a P number of 3 or greater,
the bare section of the base metal and the weld must both be examined by the method
of magnetic particles before applying overlay welding.
7.2.7 All final welding on the material for ferromagnetic steels with a P number of 3 or
The mayor must be examined after the post-welding heat treatment (unless the
ASME code specified examination after the hydrostatic test) by the method of
magnetic particles.
Final welds on all non-magnetic materials, whether solid alloy or sheet.
the alloyed cladding must be examined by the penetrant method after
any post-welding heat treatment requirements.
7.2.9 Final visual inspection of the welds must be carried out after heat treatment.
post-welding.
7.3 Pressure Test
7.3.1 Except for pressure differential designs, an independent test of the tube side and the
The side shell must be executed. The minimum fluid temperature for hydrostatic testing must be
as recommended in Section VIII, Division I, of the ASME Code.
7.3.2 The hydrostatic test must be maintained for at least one hour. After
Once the test is completed, the exchanged one must be drained.
7.3.3 The water used for the hydrostatic testing of units in which steel materials are used
austenitic stainless steel will be subjected to this test, the fluid must be potable water with a
Chloride ion content less than 50 ppm.
7.3.4 When specified by the buyer, the hydrostatic test of the hull side must be
driven with the hood or the channel removed.
7.3.5 The reinforcements of the nozzles must be pneumatically tested at 25 psi (170 kPa).
7.3.6 For safety reasons, any additional pneumatic testing must be
made at a nominal pressure of 25 psi.
7.3.7 Any other requirement, such as the use of ring tests, must be mutually
agreed upon between the buyer and the seller.
7.3.8 The flange joints that have been separated after the hydrostatic test
They must be reassembled with unused packaging and re-tested hydrostatically.
7.3.9 The paint or other exterior coating shall not be applied over the welds before
that the final hydrostatic test concludes.