LCM and GCD Calculations Guide
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Minimum Common Divisor (MDC) and Maximum Common Multiple (MMC)–F6
Calculations involving LCM and GCD are related to multiples and divisors of a number.
natural.
Multiple: By Multiple, we understand the product generated by the multiplication of two numbers. Note:
The multiples of a number form an infinite set of elements.
Divisors: A number is considered divisible by another when the remainder of the division between them is equal to
zero. Observe some numbers and their divisors:
Least Common Multiple (LCM): The least common multiple between two numbers is represented by
least common value belonging to the multiples of the numbers. Observe the LCM between the numbers 20 and 30:
M(20) = 0, 20, 40 60 80, 100 120 ....
M(30) = 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, ...
The LCM between 20 and 30 is equivalent to 60. Another way to determine the LCM is to perform the
simultaneous decomposition of numbers, multiplying the obtained factors. Note:
Greatest Common Divisor (GCD): The greatest common divisor between two numbers is represented by
greatest common divisor belonging to the divisors of the numbers. Note the GCD between the numbers 20 and 30:
The greatest common divisor of the numbers 20 and 30 is 10. We can also determine the GCD using the
factoring
EXERCISES
1. Using the factorization of prime factors, determine:
lcm (30,75) b) lcm (18,60) c) lcm (42, 90) d) mmc (36, 54, 90)
gcd (18, 45) f) mdc (36, 84) gcd (130, 55) g) gcd (63,105,84)
Name: _____________________________________________ Data:_________
Problems with Minimum Common Divisor (MCD) and Maximum Common Multiple (MCM)–F6
Two people, doing daily exercises, start simultaneously from the same point and,
and they walk along an oval track that surrounds a garden. One of these people takes a turn
completes in 12 minutes. The other, walking more slowly, takes 20 minutes to complete the lap.
After how many minutes will these two people meet again at the same point?
departure?
2) When separating the total of his stickers into groups of 12, 15, and 20, Caio observed that
there were always 7 stickers missing from the groups. If the total stickers are understood to be between 200 and
300, what will be the sum of the digits of Caio's sticker count?
3) From an airport, three airplanes depart every day on international routes. The
the first plane takes 4 days to complete the route, the second in 5 days and the third in 10 days. If, on a certain day, the
Three planes will depart simultaneously, after how many days will these planes depart?
again on the same day?
In a certain country, presidential elections occur every 6 years and Senate elections every 4.
in 4 years. In 2004 these elections coincided. When will these elections coincide again?
again?
5) There are less than 40 students in the class. If the Physical Education teacher decides to form
groups of 6 students, or 10 students, or 15 students, there is always one student left over. How many students?
Do you have the class?
All high school students from a school will participate in a contest.
competition, each team will be made up of students from the same year with the same number of
participants. See the table for the distribution of students by year:
Answer the following questions:
a) What is the maximum number of students per team?
b) How many teams will be formed in total?