6. Determine the axial forces in members BC, CD, and CE of the truss.
SOLUTION:
The free body diagrams for the entire truss as well as for joints A, B and C are shown.
From the entire truss:
∑Fx : Ax = 0
∑FH : (12 kips)(8 ft) – Ay(12 ft) = 0
Solving, yields Ax = 0, Ay = 8 kip
From joint A:
∑Fx : Ax + TAD cos 45˚= 0
∑Fy : Ay + TAB + TAD sin 45˚= 0
Solving yields TAB = -8 kip, TAD = 0
From joint B:
∑Fx : TBD + TBC cos 45˚= 0
∑Fy : -TBc sin 45˚ - TCD = 0
Solving yields TCD = 8 kip, TCE = -8 kip
Thus we have
BC : 11.3kip (C). CD : 8 kip (T). CE : 8 kip (C)
7. Determine the axial forces in member HJ and GI
Solution:
The strategy is to make a cut through the four members AJ, HJ, HI, and GI, and consider the upper
section. The axial force in AJ can be found by taking the moment of the structure about B.
The complete structure as a free body: The angle formed by AJ with the vertical is α = tan−1 ( 48 ) =
26.65˚. The moment about B is MB = 6AJ cos α – 24 = 0, from which AJ = 4.47 kN (T).
The section as a free body: The angles of members HJ and HI relative to the vertical is β = tan
−1
( 28 ) = 14.
0˚ , and y = tan
−1
( 1⋅52 ) = 36.87˚ respectively. Make a cut through the four members AJ, HJ, HI, and GI,
and consider the upper section. The moment about the point I is M I = -24+ 2AJ cos α + 2HJ cos β = 0.
From which HJ = 8.25 kN (T) . The sums of the forces:
∑Fx = -AJ sin α + HJ sin β – HI sin y = 0
AJ sinα−HJ sinβ 2−2
From which HI= = = 0.
sin y sin y
∑Fx = -AJ cosα – HJ cos β – HI cos y – GI – 4 = 0.
from which GI = -16 kN (C)
8. 0 For the bridge truss shown, use the method of sections to determine the axial forces in member CE,
CF, and DF.
Solution:
From the entire structure we find the reactions at A
∑Fx : Ax = 0
∑MI : (200 kN)(5 m) + (200 kN)(10 m) + (200 kN)(15 m) + (200 kN)(20 m) – Ay(20 m) – Ay(20 m) = 0 ⇒ Ay
= 500 kN
Now we cut through DF, CF and CE and use he left section.
∑ MC : (200 kN)(5 m) – Ay(5 m) = Ax(3 m) – F DF(4 m) = 0
⇒ FDF = - 375 kN
∑MF : (200 kN)(10 m) + (200 kN)(5 m) – Ay(10 m) + Ax(7 m)
5 1
+ F CE (4 m) - F CE (5 M) = 0 ⇒ FCE = 680 kN
√26 √26
5 5
∑Fx : Ax + FDF + FCE + FCF = 0
√26 √ 41
⇒ F CF = - 374 kN
Summary:
FDF = 375 kN(C), FCE = 680 kN(T), FCF = 374 kN(C)
9. Use the method of sections to determine to determine the axial forces in members FH, GH, and GI.
Solution:
The free-body diagram of the entire truss is used to find the forces I.
∑MA : I (600 mm) – (4 kN)(1200 mm) – (6 kN)(800 mm) = 0
⇒ I = 16 kN
Obtain a section by passing a plane through members DF, DG, and EG, isolating the part of the truss to
the right of the planes. The angle α is
α = tan−1(3/4) = 36.9˚
The equilibrium equations for the section are
∑MG : I (300 mm) – TDF(300 mm) = 0
∑MD : TEG (300 mm) + I (600 mm) – (4 kN)(400 mm) = 0
∑Fy : - TDG sin α – (4 kN) = 0
Solving yield TDF = 16 kN, TEG = -26.7 kN, TDG = -6.67 kN
Thus DF: 16 kN (T), EG: -26.7 kN (C), DG: 6.67 kN (C)
10. The weight of the bucket is w = 1000 lb. The cable passes over pulleys at A and D. Determine the
axial forces in the members IK and JL.
Solution:
Make a cut through JL, JK and k, and consider the upper section. Denote the axial force in a member
joining, α, β by αβ. The section as a free body: The perpendicular distance from point J to the line of
action of the weight is L = 6 cos α + 3 √ 2 sin β + 3.5 = 12.593 ft. The sum of the moments about J is M J =
- W(L) + W(3.25) – IK(3) = 0, from which IK = -3114.4 lb (C).
The sum of the forces:
∑Fx = JL cos α – IK cos α
-W cos α – JK cos β = 0.
and ∑Fy = -JL sin α – IK sin α
-W sin α- W – JK sin β = 0.
From which two simultaneous equations:
0.8192 JL + 0.1736 JK = -1732
and 0.5736 JL + 0.9848JK = 212.75.
Solve: JL = 2360 lb (T)