CALCULATION NOTE

STEEL BUILDING
 DESIGN CRITERIA REPORT

 3D Structure View
INTRODUCTION

• Subject

-The objective of this document is to present the design

of steel building of area 18.4 m x 8.20 m
-Steel mainframe type of construction with steel rolled
sections.
-Steel purlins type of construction with cold-formed
section.

• Codes and Standards

a- AISC – American Institute of Steel Construction –

15th edi on.

b- AWS D1.1 - American Welding Society, the Structural

Welding Code.

c- ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Building and

other structures.

d- AISI – American Iron and Steel Institute, Cold Formed

Steel Design Manual, consistent with A-36 Steel.
e- SBC 301-CR Saudi Loading Code • Materials -
Structural steel shall be steel A36 for rolled sec on. -
Structural cold-formed sections shall be steel A653 SS
GRADE 50/1 for purlin section. -Bolts and anchors are
ASTM A325.
Loads •
For the assessment of self-weight, that represents the Dead Loads of
the structures, the following unit weights shall be considered:

Roof Floor:

- Steel Frames: as taken in ETAB program.

- Single layer and purlins of 12 Kg/m2.
- HVAC System Loads of 25 Kg/ m2.
Wind Loads

*All structures and equipment mounting shall be designed for

wind loading in accordance with Sec on of ASCE 7-10 using
the following parameters:

-ul mate wind speed in Al Taif CITY is = (52 m/s)

-Exposure category C
-Importance factor 1.00

WIND LOAD
- as per SBC 301-CR Saudi Loading Code.
- Risk category: ɪ ɪ

q= 0.613*Kz*Kzt*Kd*V2=141 Kg/m2.
• Deflection limits
𝛿𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 3.6 cm

𝛿𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 8200/ 240 = 3.5 cm

ETAB MODEL
B.M.D
S.F.D
•Design of Steel Members
  Design for column :
St 37 fu=3.6 t/cm2 fy=2.4 t/cm2 , Use B.F.I "Rolled sec on"

Lin = Lout = 600 cm I = 600/180=3.333

A = 12/.7 = 18 cm2

Using BFI # 200

A = 82.7 cm2

Ix = 8.48 cm ,Zx=595 cm3 , tw=1.6 cm = 1 cm

 Check of local buckling

𝒅𝒘 𝟓𝟖
𝒕𝒘
< (37.438) =160/16= 10
𝑭𝒚
𝒄 𝟏𝟔.𝟗
𝒕𝒇
< (10.9) = 92 / 16 =5.75 Then section is compact
𝑭𝒚

 Check of lateral torsional buckling

Lu = 6 m as a simple beam
𝟐𝟎 𝒃𝒇
= ( 20*20)/ √𝟐. 𝟒 =258.2 cm
𝒇𝒚

𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟎𝑨𝒇 𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟎∗𝟐𝟎∗𝟏
𝒅∗𝒇𝒚
∗ 𝒄𝒃 = 𝟏𝟔∗𝟐.𝟒
*1.35 =431.25 cm

600> 258.2 then un supported

𝟖𝟎𝟎∗𝒄𝒃∗𝑨𝒇 𝟖𝟎𝟎∗𝟏.𝟑𝟓∗𝟐𝟎∗𝟏 𝒕
Then the bending stress is to be Ftb = 𝑳𝒖∗𝒅
= 𝟔𝟎𝟎∗𝟏𝟔
= 𝟐. 𝒄𝒎𝟐 > .58*2.4

Fltp = .58 *2.4 = 1.4 t/cm2

 ETABS Steel Frame Design
AISC 360-16 Steel Section Check (Strength Summary)

Element Details
Level Element Unique Name Location (m) Combo Element Type Section Classification
Story1 C5 7 5.8 case 1 Special Moment Frame column steel section # 20 Compact

LLRF and Demand/Capacity Ratio

L (m) LLRF Stress Ratio Limit
6.00000 0.628 0.95

Analysis and Design Parameters

Provision Analysis 2nd Order Reduction
LRFD Direct Analysis General 2nd Order Tau-b Fixed

Stiffness Reduction Factors

αPr /Py αPr /Pe τb EA factor EI factor
0.046 0.107 1 0.8 0.8

Design Code Parameters

ϕb ϕc ϕTY ϕTF ϕV ϕV-RI ϕVT
0.9 0.9 0.9 0.75 0.9 1 1

Section Properties
A (m²) J (m⁴) I33 (m⁴) I22 (m⁴) Av3 (m²) Av2 (m²)
0.007 3.62E-07 0.00005 0.000017 0.0052 0.002

Design Properties
S33 (m³) S22 (m³) Z33 (m³) Z22 (m³) r33 (m) r22 (m) Cw (m⁶)
0.000502 0.000175 0.000565 0.000266 0.08483 0.05005 1.525E-07

Material Properties
E (tonf/m²) fy (tonf/m²) Ry Cpr α
20389019.16 35153.48 1.1 1.4 NA

Slenderness Check
Buckling Mode K Factor L Length (m) r (m) KL/r KL/r Limit L/r L/r Limit
Major (3-3) 1 5.8 0.08483 68.375 200 68.375 300
Minor (2-2) 1 5.8 0.05005 115.88 200 115.88 300

Stress Check Forces and Moments

Location (m) Pu (tonf) Mu33 (tonf-m) Mu22 (tonf-m) Vu2 (tonf) Vu3 (tonf) Tu (tonf-m)
5.8 -11.1617 -0.6782 -0.9672 0.1169 0.1668 0

Axial Force & Biaxial Moment Design Factors (H1-1b)

L Factor K1 K2 B1 B2 Cm
Major Bending 0.967 1 1 1 1 0.6
Minor Bending 0.967 1 1 1 1 0.6
 Parameters for Lateral Torsion Buckling
Lltb Kltb Cb
0.967 1 1.667

Demand/Capacity (D/C) Ratio Eqn.(H1-1b)

D/C Ratio = (Pr /2Pc ) + (Mr33 /Mc33 ) + (Mr22 /Mc22 )
0.22 = 0.068 + 0.038 + 0.115

Axial Force and Capacities

Pu Force (tonf) ϕPnc Capacity (tonf) ϕPnt Capacity (tonf)
11.1617 82.5377 220.7709

Moments and Capacities

Mu Moment (tonf-m) ϕMn (tonf-m) ϕMn No LTB (tonf-m) ϕMn Cb=1 (tonf-m)
Major Bending 0.6782 17.8817 17.8817 14.0769
Minor Bending 0.9672 8.4267

Shear Design
Vu Force (tonf) ϕVn Capacity (tonf) Stress Ratio
Major Shear 0.1169 37.9658 0.003
Minor Shear 0.1668 99.4703 0.002

Joint Design
Continuity Plate Area (m²) Load Combo Doubler (m) Load Combo
0 DStlD2 0 DStlD2
 Design of main system beam :
Fy =2.4 t/cm2 , Use B.F.I "Rolled sec on"

 Stiffness condition
H> span / 20 = 4 / 20 = 20 cm
 Stress condition
Assume compact supported Fbx = .64 Fy = 1.536 t/ cm2
𝟖∗𝟏𝟎𝟎
(𝒁𝒙∗𝟏.𝟓𝟑𝟔 < 𝟏 Zx= 520 cm3

From table choose B.F.I No 200

Using BFI # 200

A = 82.7 cm2 , rx = 8.48 cm ,Zx=595 cm3 , tw=1.6 cm = 1 cm

 Check of chosen section :

𝒅𝒘 𝟏𝟐𝟕
𝒕𝒘
< (81.9) =160/16=10
𝑭𝒚
𝒄 𝟏𝟔.𝟗
𝒕𝒇
< (10.9) = 92/10= 9.2 Then section is compact
𝑭𝒚
 Check of lateral torsional buckling

Lu = 4 m as a simple beam
𝟐𝟎 𝒃𝒇
= ( 20*20)/ √𝟐. 𝟒 = 258.2 cm
𝒇𝒚

𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟎𝑨𝒇 𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟎∗𝟐𝟎∗𝟏
𝒅∗𝒇𝒚
∗ 𝒄𝒃 = 𝟏𝟔∗𝟐.𝟒
*1.35 =970 cm

400 >258.2 then un supported

𝟖𝟎𝟎∗𝒄𝒃∗𝑨𝒇 𝟖𝟎𝟎∗𝟏.𝟑𝟓∗𝟐𝟎∗𝟏 𝒕
Then the bending stress is to be Ftb = 𝑳𝒖∗𝒅
= 𝟒𝟎𝟎∗𝟏𝟔
= 𝟑. 𝟑𝟕𝟓 𝒄𝒎𝟐 > .58*2.4

Fltp = .58 *2.4 = 1.4 t/cm2

 Check stress

Fb = 8*100/3982 = 1.34 t/cm2 < 1.4 ok

 Check shear
Qy= 5/(20*1.6)= .156 < .35*2.4 = .84 t/cm2

 Check deflection

Due to live load only without impact

= 8*10^6/(2100* 5958) = .64cm <span /800

 ETABS Steel Frame Design
AISC 360-16 Steel Section Check (Strength Summary)

Element Details
Level Element Unique Name Location (m) Combo Element Type Section Classification
Story1 B82 91 2 DStlS4 Special Moment Frame SIB # 16 Compact

LLRF and Demand/Capacity Ratio

L (m) LLRF Stress Ratio Limit
2.00000 1 0.95

Analysis and Design Parameters

Provision Analysis 2nd Order Reduction
LRFD Direct Analysis General 2nd Order Tau-b Fixed

Stiffness Reduction Factors

αPr /Py αPr /Pe τb EA factor EI factor
1.565E-05 5.85E-05 1 0.8 0.8

Design Code Parameters

ϕb ϕc ϕTY ϕTF ϕV ϕV-RI ϕVT
0.9 0.9 0.9 0.75 0.9 1 1

Section Properties
A (m²) J (m⁴) I33 (m⁴) I22 (m⁴) Av3 (m²) Av2 (m²)
0.0023 5.626E-08 0.000008 4.36E-07 0.0009 0.0015

Design Properties
S33 (m³) S22 (m³) Z33 (m³) Z22 (m³) r33 (m) r22 (m) Cw (m⁶)
0.000101 0.000012 0.000123 0.000021 0.05873 0.01367 2.513E-09

Material Properties
E (tonf/m²) fy (tonf/m²) Ry Cpr α
20389019.16 35153.48 1.1 1.4 NA

Slenderness Check
Buckling Mode K Factor L Length (m) r (m) KL/r KL/r Limit L/r L/r Limit
Major (3-3) 1 2 0.05873 34.056 200 34.056 300
Minor (2-2) 1 2 0.01367 146.288 200 146.288 300

Stress Check Forces and Moments

Location (m) Pu (tonf) Mu33 (tonf-m) Mu22 (tonf-m) Vu2 (tonf) Vu3 (tonf) Tu (tonf-m)
2 -0.0013 -0.0387 0 0.0152 4.089E-06 0.0001

Axial Force & Biaxial Moment Design Factors (H1-1b)

L Factor K1 K2 B1 B2 Cm
Major Bending 1 1 1 1 1 1
Minor Bending 1 1 1 1 1 1

Parameters for Lateral Torsion Buckling

 Lltb Kltb Cb
1 1 1.546

Demand/Capacity (D/C) Ratio Eqn.(H1-1b)

D/C Ratio = (Pr /2Pc ) + (Mr33 /Mc33 ) + (Mr22 /Mc22 )
0.01 = 3.706E-05 + 0.01 + 0

Axial Force and Capacities

Pu Force (tonf) ϕPnc Capacity (tonf) ϕPnt Capacity (tonf)
0.0013 17.3134 73.8023

Moments and Capacities

Mu Moment (tonf-m) ϕMn (tonf-m) ϕMn No LTB (tonf-m) ϕMn Cb=1 (tonf-m)
Major Bending 0.0387 3.8996 3.8996 2.776
Minor Bending 0 0.5965

Shear Design
Vu Force (tonf) ϕVn Capacity (tonf) Stress Ratio
Major Shear 0.0152 28.854 0.001
Minor Shear 4.089E-06 17.6996 0

End Reaction Major Shear Forces

Left End Reaction (tonf) Load Combo Right End Reaction (tonf) Load Combo
0.025 DStlS4 0.0168 DStlS2
 Design of Secondary beam :
Fy =2.4 t/cm2 , Use B.F.I "Rolled sec on"

 Stiffness condition
H> span / 40 = 9.05 / 20 = 22.6 cm
 Stress condition
Assume compact supported Fbx = .64 Fy = 1.536 t/ cm2
𝟓∗𝟏𝟎𝟎
(𝒁𝒙∗𝟏.𝟓𝟑𝟔 < 𝟏 Zx= 326 cm3

From table choose SIB No 240

Using SIB # 240

A = 46.1 cm2 , rx = 9.59 cm ,Zx=412 cm3 , tw=.87 cm = 1.31 cm

 Check of chosen section :

𝒅𝒘 𝟏𝟐𝟕
𝒕𝒘
< (81.9) =192.5/8.7=22.2
𝑭𝒚
𝒄 𝟏𝟔.𝟗
𝒕𝒇
< (10.9) = 53/13.1= 4.05 Then section is compact
𝑭𝒚
 Check of lateral torsional buckling

Lu = 9 m as a simple beam
𝟐𝟎 𝒃𝒇
= ( 20*10.6)/ √𝟐. 𝟒 = 136.8 cm
𝒇𝒚

𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟎𝑨𝒇 𝟏𝟑𝟖𝟎∗𝟏𝟎.𝟔∗𝟏.𝟑𝟓
𝒅∗𝒇𝒚
∗ 𝒄𝒃 = 𝟏𝟗.𝟐𝟓∗𝟐.𝟒
*1.35 =427.44 cm

136.8 >258.2 then un supported

𝟖𝟎𝟎∗𝒄𝒃∗𝑨𝒇 𝟖𝟎𝟎∗𝟏.𝟑𝟓∗𝟏𝟎.𝟔∗𝟏.𝟑𝟏 𝒕
Then the bending stress is to be Ftb = 𝑳𝒖∗𝒅
= 𝟗𝟎𝟎∗𝟏𝟗
=. 𝟖𝟖 𝒄𝒎𝟐 > .58*2.4

Fltp = .58 *2.4 = 1.4 t/cm2

 Check stress

Fb = 5*100/3982 = 1.21 t/cm2 < 1.4 ok

 Check shear
Qy= 5/(10*1.31)= .4 < .35*2.4 = .84 t/cm2

 Check deflection

Due to live load only without impact

= 5*10^6/(2100* 4250) = .56cm <span /800

  DESIGN FOR BASE PLATE:

- Plate dimension:

L = h + 10 = 24 +10 = 34 cm

B = b +5 = 24 +5 = 29 cm

Fact = N / (L*B) = 12 *1000/( .34*.29) = 12.2 KG/cm²

M=(L-.95*h)/2 = 5.6 cm

N = 2.4 cm

Mact = 12.2* (5.6)²*.5 = .2 cm t

Tplate = (6m/b* )^.5 = .93 cm use tmin = 2cm

Then use plate 35 * 30 * cm

- Design for anchor bolt :

Qb = 1.1 = ( 3) /( 2 *3.14 * d2 * .25 )

D= 1.32 cm

Use 2 M 16 With min length = 30 cm

- Design of weld :
- Assume S = 6mm

dw=24-4*1.8 = 10.8

Aweld = 2*10.8 *.6=12.96 cm

Q = 3/12.96=.23 t/cm2 < .2 Fu