Population Statistics and Probability Analysis
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ScribdTranslationsPopulation Statistics and Probability Analysis
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsWendy Viviana Jaimes Sierra
Manuela Beltran University
In a certain population, 50% have been married at least once, 50% have
less than 70 years old and 80% do not have any contagious disease. Of the latter
60% are under 70 years old and 40% have been married at least once. Of those who have
estado casados alguna vez, sólo el 20% tiene menos de 70 años. El 10% de la población
It meets the three conditions. Represent the above information in a Venn diagram.
Solution
(For convenience in representation, we assume that the population has 100 people)
Let C be the set of those who have been married at least once.
“ B “ they are under 70 years old.
“ E “ no padecen enfermedad contagiosa.
Se verifica :
card ( C ) = 50% de la población; card (E) = 80%; card (B) =50%:
card (E B) = 48%; card (E C) = 32%; card (C B) = 10%;
card (C E B) = 10%
2). Calculate the percentage of individuals who have never been married.
less than 70 years old and do not suffer from contagious disease.
Indication: it is the cardinal ofCc B E (Sol. 38%)
3).Cada pregunta de un examen tiene dos respuestas alternativas de las que sólo una es
Correct. A student randomly answers an exam of this type with three questions.
a) Build an appropriate sample space for this experience.
b) Calculate p(B), p(A ∩ B), p(C), p(B∪ C), with A, B, and C being the following events:
The student answers the first question correctly
The student answers correctly two of the three questions.
C = “El alumno contesta correctamente las tres preguntas”.
We will designate by a the correct answer, that is, to answer a question correctly.
and finally the failure, saying its opposite. The sample space has 8 elements: E =
{(aaa), (aaf), (afa), (aff), (faa), (faf), (ffa), (fff)} p(B) = 4/8 = 1/2; p(A ∩ B) = 3/8; p(C)
= 1/8; p(B∪ C) = p(B) = 1/2, since C⊂ B
In a deck of cards, we have removed several of them, among those that remain
verifican las siguientes probabilidades: - Probabilidad de obtener un rey: 0,15 -
Probability of drawing a card that is a bastos: 0.30 - Probability of drawing a
carta que no sea ni rey ni bastos: 0,6 Calcular: - ¿Está entre ellas el rey de bastos?, caso
affirmative indicate your probability.
How many cards are there in the deck?
( ) ( = ∩) = 0.6
( ∪ ) = 1 − 0.6 = 0.4
( ∪ ) (= ) ( + ) ( | − ) →
0.4 = 0.25 + 0.3 = 0.05
Since it is greater than zero, it indicates that this is the king of wands with a
probability of 0.05 and we convert it into a fraction
5 1
0.05 = =
100 20
This indicates that if the probability of drawing a card (the king of clubs) is 1
between 20, it means that the total number of cards in the deck is 20 (for the
definition of Laplace)
In a certain population, 70% are soccer fans, 60% are tennis fans, and the
65% basketball
45% are for football and tennis, 40% for tennis and basketball, and 50% for football and
basketball, while 30% are to the three sports, what is the probability of
that a randomly chosen individual is not a fan of any of the three sports?
F : Fútbol
T : Tenis
Basketball
They tell us that:
P(F)=0.70
P(T)=0.60
P(B)=0.65
P(F and T) = 0.45
P(T and B)=0.40
P(F y B)=0.50
P(F and T and B) = 0.30
Nos piden la probabilidad que un individuo escogido al azar no sea aficionado a
ninguno de los tres deportes que es exactamente la probabilidad contraria a que el
individual is a fan of some sport, that is P(F or T or B) which we can calculate
like this:
P(F o T o B) = P(F) + P(T) + P(B) - P(F y T) - P(F y B) - P(T y B) + P(F y T y B)
P(F o T o B) = 0.70 + 0.60 + 0.65 - 0.45 - 0.50 - 0.40 + 0.30 = 0.90
Por tanto la probabilidad que un individuo sea aficionado a algún deporte es de 0.90
because it is the contrary or complementary probability, the probability that
the probability of not being a fan of any sport is 1 - 0.90 = 0.10
Therefore, we conclude that the probability of a randomly chosen individual not
the probability of being a fan of none of the three sports is 0.10 (10%)
Given that each die has 6 possible options, we have a total of 36 (6x6)
possible combinations with the two dice.
Now we have to get all the possible combinations with the two dice for
obtener un 5 que serían:
(D1 = Dado 1, D2 = Dado 2)
D1 = 4 + D2 = 1,
D1 = 3 + D2 = 2,
D1 = 2 + D2 = 3,
D1 = 1 + D2 = 4,
giving us a total of 4 combinations. Now we have 4 combinations that give us
they can give 5 for a total of 36, so we divide 4/36 = 0.11111.
To get a percentage, we multiply by 100.
0.1111 × 100 = 11.11 %
We have an 11.11% chance that 2 dice will sum to 5 when rolled.
8) As you see, the summation of numbers equal to 10 are 3: 4+6, 5+5, and 6+4.
So the answer would be 3/36 simplified to 3: 1/12 which is equal to 8.3%.
11). We roll a die until we observe a 6 for the second time. Find the probability that such
what happens before the fifth launch.
Observing a 6 for the second time (before the 5th) can occur on the 2nd, 3rd, or 4th roll.
P(ocurra en 2º) =1/36; 6 y 6 P(ocurra en 3º) = 2. (5/6).(1/36)= 5/108; 6 6, 6 6 (dos 6 y otro número
anyone) P(happens in 4th) = 3. (25/36).(1/36) = 25/432; 6 6 (two 6s and the other two numbers are any)
3 formas para esta situación). P(observar un 6 por segunda vez antes del 5º lanzamiento)= 1/36 +
5/108 + 25/432 = 0,132
We toss a coin until we see the second side.
What is the probability of observing two crosses before the second face is observed? The cases
in which this occurs are:
CXX or XX or XCX, which are incompatible. Therefore, the probability of their union, (A), is the sum
of their probabilities. P(A) = 1/8 + 1/4 + 1/8 = 4/8 = 1/2
13).Calculate the probability of getting an ace or a cup when drawing a card from a deck.
Spanish.
Solution : p(as ó copas) = 1/10 + 1/4 - 1/40 = 13/40.
A urn contains 8 white and 7 black balls, we draw 2 balls.
supuesto de que hemos visto que una de estas bolas es negra. ¿Cuál es la probabilidad
that the other one is too?
Solution
Let event A = "when drawing two balls, at least one is black"
“ B = “al extraer dos bolas, las dos sean negras”
Se verifica B A, luego A B = B and p (B) = ;
p(A) = 1 - p(Ac= 1 - ;