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19 views5 pagesBehavior Modification Strategies Guide
The document outlines behavior modification techniques aimed at reducing dysfunctional behaviors and enhancing adaptive ones through psychological interventions. It describes various programs, including basic repertoire, social skills, and academic programs, as well as reinforcement strategies like continuous reinforcement and fixed/variable ratios. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of pre-evaluation and evaluation processes to measure behavioral changes and the distinction between experimental analysis and behavior modification.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
19 views5 pagesBehavior Modification Strategies Guide
The document outlines behavior modification techniques aimed at reducing dysfunctional behaviors and enhancing adaptive ones through psychological interventions. It describes various programs, including basic repertoire, social skills, and academic programs, as well as reinforcement strategies like continuous reinforcement and fixed/variable ratios. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of pre-evaluation and evaluation processes to measure behavioral changes and the distinction between experimental analysis and behavior modification.
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Modification Guide
Conduct
Actions and reactions of the subject to the environment, the response of the organism
considered as a whole. Reaction to a stimulus from the environment.
Behavior modification:
Forms of psychological intervention aimed at reducing or eliminating behaviors
dysfunctional and establish or enhance adaptive behaviors, with the
purpose of solving problems, both personal and social in nature, and of
improve human functioning in general.
A set of strategies that use reinforcement or punishment to establish
or to increase the desired behaviors, and to reduce or eliminate the
inappropriate behaviors, assuming that they are shaped by
inadequate environmental contingencies.
Program
Prescription to start or end stimuli (whether discriminative or
reforzantes) con respecto al tiempo y en relación a las respuestas. Es la
formal specification of the relationships between responses and reinforcers
(inputs and outputs). It starts with the establishment of the repertoires.
basics to continue with others more complex like the verbal ones,
academics etc. Whenever there are self-stimulation behaviors,
aggressiveness, hyperactivity, etc., should begin with the elimination of these
behaviors. If the subject already has the basic repertoires, we continue with
more complex repertoires.
Types of program
Basic repertoire programs: these behaviors are the
prerequisites for the other repertoires.
Social skills and adaptation programs: these programs
apply to those individuals who present the basic repertoires and who
they have problems in the fields of social, verbal, personal care and of
motor coordination.
Academic programs: the purpose of this training is to equip the
child with the necessary skills to perform satisfactorily in the
ordinary educational system.
Programs for the elimination of problematic behaviors:
guarantee or make more likely a child's positive social interaction,
eliminate their inappropriate behaviors and provide alternatives for responses
adaptive.
Non-intermittent programs.
Continuous reinforcement (crf)
It is the situation where each response of the organism is followed by the
presentation of a reinforcing stimulus.
Operant extinction (ext)
When the reinforcement that was previously granted is withdrawn from the
response of the organism.
Simple programs.
Fixed ratio (fr) In this program, only that response is reinforced
Finish the count of a fixed number of them. If, for example, it were reinforced the
tenth response, the program would be a fr 10. Number of behaviors for a
solo reinforcer.
Variable rate (vr)
Reinforcement occurs after a certain number of responses, which
the number varies from reinforcement to reinforcement; the average of these
values would be the value of the vr.
Fixed interval (fi)
A fixed interval prescribes that when a fixed interval of time passes from
an unequivocal stimulus event (eo), the first response would be seen
followed by a reinforcer (rf).
Variable interval (vi)
This is a program in which the intervals between the reinforcers vary.
almost at random, the average of the various intervals defines the value of
vi program.
Action schedule explaining the areas worked on, techniques
employees and the sequence of work sessions
Program of activities scheduled over time in which also
usually specifies the duration of each activity, place of implementation,
responsible, etc.
Behavior repertoire are the responses available to a
organism, therefore, it must be analyzed if there are behaviors
Entry repertoire The things that the subject must know how to do before
apply the program.
Criterion: It refers to a value that is established and defined in a process of
evaluation to judge the merit of an object or a component.
Operationalizing a criterion is a demonstration of
a process - such as a variable, a term, or an object - in terms of
specific process or system of validation tests, used for
determinar su presencia y cantidad.
Operational definitions refer to defining a concept
based on the operations specific ones used to evaluate it,
they are limited, they are essential to start evaluation, change and
evaluation of the interventions.
Pre-evaluation. Precise, objective, and quantifiable definition of behaviors.
problem of the behaviors that are desired to be modified. It is a measurement of the
the repertoire of the subject in a pre-arranged situation serves to
evaluating the subject's progress in the program is the first phase of everything
program, prior to training. Provides a measure with which
compare the training results.
Evaluation: comparison of the baseline data with the obtained ones
during treatment and/or after treatment.
When behavior has been defined in precise terms, it can
start the evaluation.
The evaluation is important for two reasons:
Determine the degree to which the target behavior is performed.
It reflects the frequency of occurrence of the target behavior before the
program, that is to say, reflects the behavioral change after it has been initiated
the program.
Procedure; a sequence of operations aimed at modifying the
conduct that is being worked on.
Latency period that elapses between the presentation of the stimulus
unconditioned and the occurrence of the unconditioned response
Recovery of the response
Response to any behavior provoked by a stimulus.
behavior targeting a goal or desired behavior to acquire
The main goal of the program is to change or implement a behavior in
particular.
The target behaviors must be defined explicitly so that in
reality can observe, measure, and agree among individuals
that are applying the program.
The approximation differentially reinforces the responses more and more each time.
similar to the desired final response, and submit for extinction those that do
becoming more distant.
To shape the person to have the opportunity to observe another
the new behavior that is desired to be achieved is significant for him.
Chaining involves rewarding a person after completing the task.
from a series of interrelated behaviors, forming a chain
natural activities.
Behavior Modification Techniques
Molding
Successive approximations
Chaining
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Baseline line reflects the level of behavior that we are going to measure before
any intervention. Indicate precisely what the behavioral deficiency is.
and under what conditions it occurs, which leads to the definition of the objective and to
analysis of the tasks.
Stimuli (Ed, Er, Ei, En)
Discriminative stimulus (Sd); a stimulus that indicates when the response
it may or may not lead to the desired outcome.
Reinforced stimulus (Er); that stimulus which follows a response of
immediate mode and can produce detectable changes in the organism.
Unconditioned stimulus (US); any stimulus that elicits in a way
a regular response that is not learned or innate. The response is produced
like a reflex action.
Neutral stimulus (En); it is one that does not produce any kind of
response in the subject.
A.C.P. (pbs)
Positive behavioral support consists of developing and establishing supports.
in order to achieve significant behavioral changes at the social level,
using the least aversive strategies possible for the person, it is a
approach to dealing with behavioral problems that involves remedying
environmental conditions and/or skill deficits. The A.C.P. focuses on the
attention to creating and supporting contexts that improve the quality of life.
Absolute refractory period
It occurs at the beginning of the action potential. During this period, no
No stimulus, no matter how intense, can produce a new action potential.
Inventory of reinforcers: a group of rewards that will be used
in the reinforcement program.
Difference between Experimental Analysis and Behavior Modification
Experimental analysis is conducted with animals and behavior modification.
with humans.