Dr.
Ahmed Ashraf Elmansy
Medical Analysis Specialist
Medical Lecturer
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Science
G8 CBSE AAIS
Sound
Notebook
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A. Tick (√) the correct answer.
1. The speed of sound is the highest in which of the following mediums?
a. Water b. Air c. Steel d. Vacuum
2. The hearing range of human is
a. less than 20 Hz b. more than 20,000 Hz
c. less than 20 Hz and more than 20,000 Hz
d. between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz
3. Sound is a kind of
a. power b. work c. energy d. force
4. This part of the ear passes the vibrations to the auditory nerves.
a. Outer ear b. Inner ear c. Middle ear d. None of these
5. The speed of sound depends on
a. state of the medium b. frequency of the sound
c. amplitude of the sound d. quality of the sound
6. The sound below 20 Hz is called
a. ultrasonic b. audible sound c. infrasonic d. none of these
7. The sound waves do not travel through
a. vacuum b. ice c. water d. steam
8. Above which value a sound becomes noise?
a. 60 dB b. 90 dB c. 50 dB d. 150 dB
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Decibel (dB)is the unit of loudness.
2. Sound travels from one place to another with the help of medium and
vibrations
3. The unpleasant and discomfort sound is called noise.
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4. Musical instruments make regular vibrations to make musical.
5. When we decrease the length of the string instrument, its pitch
increases.
6. The speed of sound is highest in solid medium.
7. Hertz (Hz) is the S.I. unit of frequency.
Define
Amplitude: The maximum displacement of a vibrating object an either
side of the mean position
Frequency: The number of vibrations made in one second.
Music: The pleasant sound produced by regular vibrations.
Pitch: The characteristics of sound that determines the shrillness or
depthness of a sound.
Brief Answers
1. How sound is produced?
Ans: The source of sound is the vibrating object. When a body vibrates,
it produces sound and when the vibration of a body stops, the sound
stops by itself. Hence, it can be concluded that sound is produced by
vibrations caused by a body.
2. What do you mean by amplitude?
Any: the maximum displacement by which the body moves either side of
the mean position is called amplitude of the oscillation. In the figure
displacement BA and BC is its amplitude. The S.I unit of amplitude is
meter (m).
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3. What is time period?
Ans: The time taken for one complete oscillations is called time period.
The S.I unit of time period is second.
Write a short note on:
1. Noise: Any loud sound that produces irregular vibrations produces
noise. Noise is unpleasant to ears. Sound has a regular wave pattern in
contrast to noise that has an irregular wave pattern.
2. Pitch: Pitch is determined by the frequency of the sound waves. Pitch
of the sound refers to how shrill and deep the sound is. When a sound
wave is produced, the particles in the medium vibrate. We can also say
the particles in the medium oscillate. The number of oscillations they
take in a second is called its frequency.
3. Loudness: The amplitude of the sound waves decides the sound of
the body. The loudness of the sound depends on the amplitude of the
vibration that produces it. The greater the amplitude of the sound wave,
louder the sound is. The S.I unit of amplitude decibels (dB).
Give Reason
1. We Cannot hear sound in space.
Ans: Sound cannot travel through vacuum. Sound requires medium to
travel. In space there is no medium to travel sound so we cannot hear
sound in space.
2. Different kinds of instruments produces different sounds.
Ans: Some of the other part of the instrument causes vibration that
gives a unique sound to the instrument based on the parts that are
responsible for the production of sound.
3. Our inability to hear infra and ultrasonic sounds is are good for us.
Ans: Most sounds are in the inaudible range thus if we start to hear all
the inaudible and audible sounds, we will start to feel confused and it
will become very hard to focus.
Detailed answers:
Q1. What are the harmful effects of noise pollution?
Ans: - It can lead to certain health issues such as severe headache,
nerve irritation, heart problems and high blood pressure.
- Loud music during the day disturbs children in their studies and at
night it disturbs sleep.
- It can also cause lack of concentration during work or studies.
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- A person exposed to noise pollution for a long time may get temporary
or permanent hearing problems and can also become deaf.
Q2. Write five ways of controlling noise pollution?
- Never play television and other audio devices on volume that may be
too loud.
- Never honk unless required.
- Replace harsh horns with soft horns and put silencers on the vehicles
to reduce the noise produced by them.
- Huge factories and industries should be established away from cities
and other populated regions.
- Minimize the use of horns in and around silence zones, i.e., hospitals
and schools.
Q3- How sound is produced in the Human body?
Ans: We produce sounds with the help of a special part in our body
called larynx. Larynx is a small 'box-like' structure made up of tissues
present inside our throat. It is also called 'voice box'. The voice has two
vocal cords. Vocal cords are present inside larynx in a very unique
arrangement such that there is a narrow gap between the two cords. The
muscles attached to the vocal cord make the cord tight or loose. When
we speak, air from the lungs makes its way through the opening.
Q4. Draw and label the internal structure of ear.
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Q5. How does sound travel from one place to another?
Ans: Air is full of tiny molecules. These tiny molecules are everywhere in
the open space. When an object vibrates, it causes vibration in the
molecules that are in contact with the vibrating object. The vibrating air
molecules transfer the energy from one molecule to another. Thus, the
neighboring air molecules also start vibrating. This step by step
procedure continues till this creates a sensation in our ears. The
sensation in our ear enables us to hear the sound.
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