Enhancing Reading Skills in Education
Enhancing Reading Skills in Education
2017
1
As can be seen, this definition addresses the entire dimension - An adult who developed their reading skills, who forged a
session of competencies, from the mere act of decoding a text - "commitment to reading", will have knowledge and skills
to, passing through the handling of structures, to the applied units that will make him capable of acting effectively in contexts
The intention of reading and the specific knowledge it brings us, with clear purposes, will positively contribute to the growth.
to different purposes in our life. economic growth and the productivity of the society in which
will develop, understand the world and its surroundings and will be able
On the other hand, it has been shown that the time spent on making their own decisions will feel the security of being able to
Re-reading and Re-counting reading, the activities based on it, the enjoyment of reading, defending their rights; in short, it will be a free individual,
access to a variety of materials and the acquisition of strategies to take control of their life and be part of the world.
learning guides (memorization, control, elaboration, com-
comprehension, interpretation, and synthesis are fundamental for a
INTRODUCTION whose proximity helps in the development of reading habits and the worm- good reading performance, especially if these start to devel- 5. Objectives
to read. And the problem worsens because public libraries roll in the home at an early age.
They are scarce, outdated, and do not reach the community.
1. General information How it manifests in the Update and Strengthening of the Curriculum
Our goal as teachers, librarians, or parents of part of the Basic General Education, which came into effect in 2010:
Unfortunately, it must be pointed out that the school system, has to the family should go through gaining a "commitment with the
Development period: annual or as the establishment consi- more, does not take responsibility for the formation of aesthetic taste and lite-
"reading," which depends largely on the social context Literature is a source of enjoyment, of knowledge.
of relevance. rarely and the publishers tend to neglect the literary quality of cultural in which the child grows and develops. Now well, through an aesthetic gaze, through the play with language, of
your publications, prioritizing market interests over how can we achieve a highly engaged reader with
support in the formation of readers. valuation of verbal aspects in specific circumstances
reading and what can we expect from it? It is necessary, and it must be respected from this perspective.
2. Objective of the proposal
We are facing such a serious problem that affects practically To develop a commitment to reading, it is necessary to pro-
The development of reading skills is undoubtedly the greatest lo- to the entirety of the areas of society and individuals. Their Based on the above,
to heal our children, from an early age, a learning environment
grows in the life of a student, as it is a key element in the implications are profound, because what is at stake is the which includes presence and reading of books, conversations it is expected that the texts will be analyzed according to their function
personal development, self-esteem, failure or success is- culture, the representation of the world, access to knowledge about readings, and various types of texts such as news,
color, in the development of orality and writing, as well as to, and ultimately, the ability to be free. Functionality: literature is literature. It should not be used.
labels, comic strips, recipes, etc. The shared readings, to develop another activity that is not reading, aná-
in the activation of imagination and creativity. That is to say, the telling stories, playing at reading, working with vocabulary
reading skills can substantially change the life of literary analysis and reflection (it is not acceptable to use poems)
4. Fundamentals questioning, dramatizations, among other strategies, also este- to extract verbs or stories to analyze nouns); the
an individual. Mulan the early interest of children in reading. literature has its own specificity, different from the mere
Basically, reading is the process through which one comprehends
This proposal seeks to establish itself as an invaluable ma- reflection on the elements of language.
we give meaning to written language, but it is also a A highly committed reader dedicates a
support material, providing to all members of the pleasant experience that offers us the possibility of accessing a significant amount of your time reading, just for the pleasure of
school community involved in learning, tools- Our main purpose is to make available to the ins-
to countless worlds, people, places, and times. do it, and read different types of texts in diverse formats.
tasks for the various instances of the comprehension process of educational institutions with quality reading materials, that
These readers, in addition to their interest and pleasure in reading,
meaning of written language. In these pages you will find allow to effectively address the requirements of the Area of
Before the existence of the printing press, the transmission of the they realize the importance that it has in their relationships and Language and Literature for each year of Primary Education and High School,
some conceptual elements, objectives, criteria for the messages were produced orally, and these could reach social performance.
selection of texts, specific proposal of texts, access to established in the ADJUSTMENT documents to the Update and
who were present at that communication act
work guides on the web, strategies for developing skills Strengthening the Curriculum of Basic General Education and Line
communication. From the invention of the printing press, When children first listen to and then read stories and others
readers and some evaluation models. We hope that Curricular Guidelines for the Unified General Baccalaureate
it is no longer produced only personally, as happens with textos, expanden su vocabulario, van aprendiendo la sintaxis
I helped him with his teaching tasks. Ministry of Education.
the orality, but rather it becomes an exercise in which the text of written language, while they begin to form the language-
is at the disposal of each of the readers and to the multiple je que utilizarán para elaborar pensamientos, hablar y escribir. Below we present the objectives by segments of
3. General situation interpretations that they may give it. The author cannot Once students become independent readers education for Language and Literature, in addition to our reco-
Reading in Ecuador control their interpretation, remaining open to the magic of the pending and they are moving to intermediate courses, they begin to
recommendation of works.
numerous meanings and interpretations that the reader can derive from enrich the texts read with your contribution, to improve your comp.
The low reading rates in Ecuador, generated by In this way, reading makes available to us multiple spelling tendency, its information processing, reasoning-
the causes, fundamentally due to economic inequality, multiple worlds. nurturing and critical thinking, all of which translates to me-
they are a concern for social agents in various better conditions to face new intellectual challenges.
fields. But on the other hand, the written word is related to the alpha-
betization, knowledge, understanding, orality, and ability
A disturbing fact is that only half of the students of to develop ourselves as thinking beings. Then, it is fundamental
décimo año de básica dominan las destrezas de comprensión that our students develop skills to achieve
literal of a text, which is the most elementary level of comprehension reading comprehension.
reading session. This means that those who have had access to the
formal education has not developed reading skills of According to the definition of the Program for Evaluation In- Symbolism
higher order, among other reasons, due to the absence of pla- International Student Assessment (PISA), reading competence is the "ca-
systematic and appropriate mechanisms for promoting and developing reading. capacity of an individual to understand, use, and reflect
to talk about the written texts, and to commit to them in
On the other hand, the educational system makes the significant effort way to achieve their own goals, develop their knowledge
Author Literary genre to which Topics that can be Values that can be Nationality of the writer
provided to schools with textbooks to the establishments thoughts and their potential, and participate in society. find in the work.
the work belongs. find in the work.
it applies, but does not operate in the same way with literary texts,
2 3
WHEN THEY ATTACK
TWO RHYMED STORIES THE NAVEL
THE MONSTERS
Stories in verse. "The pig strolling- " Upon waking up, Malena discovered that
Feeling lonely, a boy begins to encounter horrors.
she is a black pig that polishes herself something strange had sprouted from it
monsters that attack him: a witch, a goblin, a
tacos and paints her lips to go out. In 'The ogre... He flees from them in terror but cannot avoid them. navel, and felt horror. Mucho
flying kiss" a bird that flew very more when, on subsequent days, the thing
The timely arrival of his mom will save him from them.
he gently lifted from the ground with a kiss the stranger grew more and more. The solu-
he died and turned into another little bird. actions that dad and mom propose to him
Francisco Delgado
they seem absurd...
Story
Silvia Álvarez Everyday Life Angeles Molina Fantasy
Expiry of fears
Illustrated album
María Fernanda Heredia
Paula Laffeuillade Divergent thinking Lullaby
Story
Report Personal identity Maternal love
Fantastic journey
Friendship, Solidarity
FOUR EYES! BOOMERANG
The little one, who wears glasses, feels that his ANALYSIS OF THE WORK
About to die of thirst, a snail rests at the foot of
tears spring not from sadness, but from a tree that, bored of staying years in the same This story highlights the importance of communication.
rage when Lucas, her older brother, position, she feels happy when she senses something caressing her
education in social relations, fundamentally valuing
he shouts "Four eyes!" He wants to get even and roots, and laughs so much that it moves its branches...
the power of the language of emotions, which transcends the
find the worst insults to hurl at each other limits of any comprehension problems with languages
themselves, but they don't come out... different. The story traverses the path of the construction of a
Samy Bayala friendship bond between two very different characters that
they need and strive to understand each other. The children-
Tale Those who access the reading of this story will accompany the
different sensations that the protagonists experience: the fear of the
Maria Fernanda Heredia Family relationship, Bullying Nature unknown, solitude, learning, joy, sorrow and
finally, the birth of friendship.
Story Tolerance, Filial Love Collaboration, Solidarity
4 5
CONFUSED THE WINGS OF EMMA THE ROMANCE OF THE
ALWAYS SLEEP
Confused is a clueless little dog Emma enjoyed watching the flight of the sparrows and dreamed
gets into places it shouldn't, does the also soar in the sky. One time, with Princess Aurora is sad and bored.
The King wants to cheer her up and calls for musicians,
that is not allowed, it leaves little surprises materials and tools specific to everyday work of
anywhere, it scares the grandmother his parents built some multicolored wings... clowns and jugglers, but the princess,
and gets into trouble with others nothing. Princes and monarchs come.
adults of the house... Pedro Hernández Dopico
Story
María Fernanda Heredia Separation Grandfather-grandson relationship Francisco Delgado Everyday Life
Bernardita Muñoz
6 7
I wish I liked them... PURES FROM THE HEART THE POLISAPO
A frog wanted to be a police officer; that's why, he
A boy would like to like the Readers will be able to delve into very poetic stories. they call him Polisapo. But he is rejected for being
cats, dogs, canaries, bears, beautiful, but also to encounter contemporary tales
the gorillas, the giraffes, the frogs or the small, fat, slow... and finally by
wonderful stories. It contains six tales. its green color. He wants to be a police officer, but
cows; but no, he doesn't like them, despite
not at the cost of changing the color of their skin,
Being such beautiful and useful animals. But yes, it
they like, and even love, spiders. of which he is proud.
Ana Elena Serrot
Story
8 9
CLODOMIRO FERNÁNDEZ MONSTER'S PAW RAYITO AND THE PRINCESS
THE CROWNLESS KING On a Saturday afternoon, a group of friends returns to the FROM MEDANO
village to inform that they have seen a huge monster in the Five stories that have as protagonist-
Clodomiro liked painting so much that nearby forest. Truth or fantasy? Researchers, perio- You're going to children with their pets animals,
He was not attending class. His teacher did not... investors and tourists are starting to invade it. that integrate elements of the cosmovision
he was almost held back in the third grade, so Andean session.
his parents moved him to another school. But Anna Lavatelli
Clodo is not happy at the new school.
Novel
EVERYTHING FOR RINGO THE WONDERFUL STORY OF THE LITTLE PIG THE GRANDMOTHER'S JOURNEY
Grandma Isabel buys a turkey and raises it. It includes three stories: The Cricket of the Wheat Field, Sixtín and the The grandmother is left without her grandchildren, for they must have gone to vi-
to make a great dinner with him. But Fer- stingy librarian and The marvelous story of the piglet live outside their country. Not only does grandma miss the children,
Nanda and Rafa adopt the little animal as and the treasure. Unforgettable characters walk through them, the grandfather, the dog, the turtle, the rooster also do it, and
their pet and they call him Ringo. wonderful situations and deep messages. the hen. One day the grandmother decides to go visit her grandchildren;
do everything possible to save him. the journey will be long and full of adventures.
10 11
THE BIG QUESTION Miss Rosita and Mr. Cocoliche THE GOLDEN WITCH
Magnificent record of smoke materials Lady Rosita and Mr. Cocoliche, two puppets who lived In a hidden hut in the jungle live
in a museum, they were very bored and the only thing they dreamed of the witch Canidia with her cat Pancracio.
classics classified in a varied menu:
riddles, word searches, jokes, how he was with his freedom. Until Gordito arrived, a boy who Reading one of his old books he en-
the work is called, false foreignisms, He/She started visiting the museum every Sunday. they say that in times of war the
similar, geochistes, what he said, and families fled, but left buried
who said. Angels Durini your treasures.
Novel
Allegory about freedom Alejandro Maciel Treasure hunt
Francisco Delgado Jokes for kids
Fifth year of Elementary Education. Friendship, Solidarity Novel Fantasy, Adventure
Humorous games Humor, Creativity
12 13
THROUGH THE SUN WINDOW THE MOST BEAUTIFUL WORD THE VISIT OF TANWO
Sol is going to spend vacation at his/her The twins María Fernanda and Daniel fell ill during Nico thinks he is a disaster. Everyone knows it.
uncles. Through the window of his room two months and upon returning to school they find a new they say. He would like to be different, to do
You can see an old man. He is born between the two. language teacher, who suggests a game that with- the things well, to show to his brother
a close friendship and Sol finds out that I am trying to find the most beautiful word. how much he loves her, behaving like the
his friend is actually in a house of children heroes of the stories. One night
elderly, because his family abandoned him. receives the strange visit from Tanwo. Nico does not
Jordi Sierra i Fabra Do you know where Tanwo comes from and why he has it?
chosen him for an important mission.
Novel
Novel
Francisco Leyva Ferrer Catastrophic disease
"Weird" characters from a town
Novel Solidarity, Brotherly Love
Humor, Diversity
14 15
Ximena and the Stories THE VALLEY OF SEVEN COLORS RED DRAGON
Ximena's dad is sick, he is tired A village of little men receives a gift: seven gems Francho spends the summer with Mykola, a
and must undergo a transplant to of colors. This gift will not only change forever a boy of his age whom he doesn't know
nothing. Soon, the foreigner integrates into the
to survive. Then it falls into such a state the habits and routine of these people, but will lead them to
of sadness and silence, which no longer tells him explore the limits of your customs. group of friends.
stories to her daughter. That's why Ximena, in a she wears a pendant around her neck (a dra-
beautiful display of love, decides to tell him/her red cap) that shines a lot. One night
Paula Terán
stories to cheer him up. Francho couldn't resist tearing it off.
That's where everything started to go awry.
Novel
Novel Novel
16 17
SPIDER MAN AND I ENJOY YOUR FREEDOM THE RED STAR
Felipe feels that there are several things about Six stories that talk about the daily life of the On one of its exploration trips the
his life that he doesn't like: his family, his teenagers. Love, friendship, betrayal, tragedy are the The scientific spaceship GeaLactis is diverted.
school, your classmates. Moreover, he is not protagonist themes of this work. of its destiny and projected thousands of years
according to what he himself is. One day light of the Earth. The adverse circumstances
he finds out that he is not the only one going through it sas will take you to a level where the perseve-
bad: a Peter Parker, when he doesn't wear the France, friendship and loyalty will prevail
Antonio O. Rodríguez
mask on, the same happens to him... ante cualquier circunstancia adversa.
Story
Mara Butinof Family conflicts School life Catalina Miranda Science fiction
Eighth year B.E. Novel {"Tolerancia":"Tolerance","Valentía":"Bravery"}
Comradeship, Friendship Novel Fantasy, Perseverance
18 19
IT WAS GOING TO BE JUST A JOKE THE PERPETRATOR WITH THE WINGS OF THE WIND
A kidnapping has shaken the community. The wife of A group of teenagers dreams of
The novel tells a story featuring
for a group of girls and boys celebrating fifteen years old
a famous singer is being plagiarized. The anti-kidnapping unit sail the high seas. They help in the cons-
take action and call Inspector Simón Cassús. But in construction of a sailboat, work that was
ros that, due to the completion of the During the negotiations, something happens that will change the course of the case.
acting as the father of one of the boys.
school year, they go on a trip to a beach.
When the ship is ready, they sail it and in-
The joke about the death of one of the
they face a storm, from which they come out well
boys lead to a tragedy. Henry Bäx free thanks to the effort of everyone.
Police novel
David Jorajuria Adolescent conflicts Clarification of a kidnapping Lilia García Adventure at Sea
Ninth year E.B. Novel Camaraderie Cunning, Ingenuity Novel Fellowship, Cooperation
Novel Creativity, Cooperation Valentía, Tenacidad, Amor filial Respect for popular traditions
20 21
LIKE TWO DROPS OF WATER I JUST WANTED TO KNOW WHO YOU WERE MY BROTHER'S GIRLFRIEND
Have you ever had to read a book out of obligation that Alejandro attends high school and starts
The Bel are two twins about to turn Doesn't it spark the slightest interest in you? This book is about a close friendship with Pablo, cam-
fifteen years. But Isabel has always hated
about the school days when we dreamed of others Paralympic swimming pawn. When
that they dress, comb, treat the same, like
possible worlds and they impose the world of adults on us... he knows that his brother is in love with
if they were not two different people. Without
Juliana, to whom he does not declare his love, makes
embargo, a mole on Isabel's back, do everything possible to encourage him.
grows little by little and triggers the alarms Gerardo Meneses
within the family.
Novel
Patricia Enderica Catastrophic disease School life Gerardo Meneses Conflicts of adolescence
Tenth year E.B. Novel Acceptance, Courage Evaluation of reading Novel Love, Friendship
22 23
THE ODYSSEY BALDOMERA THE BRISTOL MASK
The mulatto Baldomera has a manly appearance and her The arrival of an unknown family to
Narrates the return of Odysseus from Troy
to her home island. During the absence of violent ways make it terrifying in the frequent a remote village in Kansas wakes up a
fights in which she is involved. But deep down it is great interest, which soon dissipates with its
Great events have occurred in Ithaca.
disorders, as the suitors to very sensitive in their perception of social injustice transfer to a farm distant from the village.
they have been able to abuse the circumstances and imperante. But strange things happen there, for
They have even decided to kill Odysseus's son. that family hides a secret.
Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco
This, after countless love adventures-
gas finally returns to Ithaca. Novel
Homer Odysseus's Journey to Ithaca Life of a poor woman Luis Salvador Jaramillo Mystery
First year BGU Epic poetry Greece Ecuador Novel Ecuador
Theater Story
24 25
SOLITARY PARTY EXTRAORDINARY NARRATIONS EL TARTUFO - EL MÉDICO A PALOS
Narratives about terrifying situations, of specters Molière mocks two worldly vices:
Marginal beings, lost in labyrinths morbid and fantastic lights, of palaces inhabited by hypocrisy, embodied in Tartuffe,
difficult-to-escape existential ones, traverse
ghosts, terrifying nightmares, feverish landscapes and false and corrupt man; and the false scientist
through these tales, always imprisoned by a
dreams that fade away. cism embodied in a deceitful doctor.
unpleasant and secret destination.
Tale
History of marginal beings Mystery and horror stories Molière Critique of vices
Raúl Vallejo
Second year BGU Story
and solitary
Ecuador
United States Theater
social
France
contributions in recognition processes THIS WORLD IS NOT FOR UGLY ONES AUNT TULA Tales
and visibility of heterogeneity They are five rare baroque tales that must be read.
tural. In this collection of stories, one digs into, Gertrudis (Tula) and Rosa are two sisters
great insight, in different experiences calmly and with the interest of the recreator. They are drafted-
Recreate the literary texts read from the orphans who live with an uncle priest
bonds of friendship, love, admiration, and two for the intelligence of the reader and not for ease
personal experience, adapting various Ramiro starts courting Rosa,
contempt that several black women live. from entertainment reading.
literary resources. attracted by her striking beauty, but
Experiment with creative writing with The protagonists embody the feminine and ends up falling in love with Tula. And this,
different literary structures, linguistic- the Afrocentric in clear challenge to stereotypes even loving him, she rejects him and forces him to José Lezama Lima
cases, visual and auditory in recreation sexist and racial positions.
to marry his sister. Soon, the aunt
of literary texts. Tula assumes a dominating attitude and Story
Argentina Chiriboga Lives of Afro women becomes the intellectual, spiritual mother
Various topics
actual, of the three children of the couple. When the sister
Tale Ecuador Tula and Ramiro remember their old love, but
Cuba
the aunt does not compromise. Rather, having discovered the
the widower's relationship with the maid Manuela, he demands
marrying her. The new couple has two children and,
when the spouses die, the aunt is in charge of the
five children. THE PRINCE
OPEN SEA
The prince inaugurates modern political thought and
Conceived on different planes: by a raises a series of questions that have not yet been resolved
the memories of childhood of the pro- This work has led to opposing interpretations.
protagonist, and on the other, the sea and adventure either total repudiation or unconditional adherence.
longed for by beings who are troubled by the
pragmatic and superficial city, the work Miguel de Unamuno
it unfolds between a revival of memory and Niccolò Machiavelli
the search for the liberation of the spirit. Novel
Essay
Carlos Béjar Portilla Existential conflict Unrequited love
Politics
Novel Ecuador Spain Italy
26 27
THE EMANCIPATED TO THE COAST THINGS OF MY LAND
When the liberal revolution broke out, Salvador Ramírez enlisted. José Antonio Campos occupies an im-
It is the first Ecuadorian novel. True to its
in the conservative army that will be defeated. Pressured important in Ecuadorian customs
epoch is a romantic, edifying novel and due to the desire to escape and for family needs, he/she emigrates to and Latin American. His paintings are characterized by
with educational hues, and also a novel they stand out for their kindness, the friendly gesture and
the coast, works there on a ranch where he must endure
of customs. Rosaura, a vigorous figure
the prejudices and succumbs to the rigor of nature. warm towards the montubio characters of his
feminine, passionate and tragic, rebels
land, and for the accuracy in their assessments,
against the environment and customs, it challenges
Luis A. Martínez product of deep knowledge that
to his social media in the name of his love.
I had of them.
Novel
Miguel Riofrío Women's emancipation Migration in search of a better life José A. Campos Customs of the coast
Third year BGU Novel Ecuador Ecuador Report Ecuador
28 29
Sensorimotor stage: 0-2 years
Development characteristics Reading interests
Explore the world through the senses. Stories with rhythm and rhyme.
Learn through concrete experiences with reality Stories that invite active participation, with movi-
immediate. physical lie of the narrator and the listener.
Learn that language is used to name things. Texts that include repetitions and interesting sounds.
Preference for realistic themes. Defined, real stories, events, and locations.
Interprets words and actions in different ways. C h a r a c t e r s w i t h w h o m i t i s p o s s i b l e t o i d e n t i f y.
Manipulate ideas and not just objects. Narrative with episodes.
Narrative that uses various figures of expression.
TVO is a collection that brings together classic novels. Concrete operational stage (II): 9-12 years
Ecuadorian, in comic style, to provoke the Development characteristics Reading interests
approach of children to reading. Recognizes the meaning of symbols and language U s e o f d i ff e r e n t t y p e s o f w r i t t e n e x p r e s s i o n ; w o r d p l a y
figured. tamarind
Recommended for 6th and 7th grade of EGB. Recognizes humor in language. Humor from absurd, grotesque, or exaggerated situations.
Recognizes the relationship between facts and feelings. Linear narrative, with a simple plot.
A ff i r m y o u r i n d e p e n d e n c e . Narrative related to sports, travel, adventures, or suspense.
Develop a taste for adventure and suspense. Narrative that reflects situations of adolescents.
Essential titles, eternal authors, sharp essays Formal operational stage (II): age 13 and above
about science, historical and philosophical thought.
Development Characteristics Reading interests
The collection is useful for those interested in topics
what reflect the permanent values, the concerns H e / S h e i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r w h a t h e / s h e d o e s a n d f o r h i s Realistic
/ h e r o wnarrative.
n com-
constants. behavior. S u b t l e r h u m o r.
A p p r e c i a t e s m o r e s u b t l e w r i t t e n h u m o r. Moral dilemmas.
Recognizes the existence of moral dilemmas. Biographies, autobiographies.
Recommended for the Unified General Baccalaureate Look for behavioral models. Heroism.
Complex science fiction.
Fuente: Promoción de la lectura a través de la literatura infantil en la biblioteca y en el aula, de María ClemenciaVenegas, Margarita Muñoz y Luis Darío Bernal, publicado en 1987
by the Regional Center for the Promotion of the Book in Latin America and the Caribbean (CERLALC).
[Link] Editorial Free