Operating Room Structure and Equipment Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsOperating Room Structure and Equipment Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsIntroduction of the block
operative
Course support
Aissam Kartoubi
Summary
Introduction
Definition
I. Structure of the operating room
II. Flows and fluids
III. Fixed medical equipment
IV. Mobile medical equipment
Conclusion
Introduction
This seminar is a general introduction to the operating room in order to
familiarize with their environment and facilitate the educational objectives of
chapters that will follow namely:
Chapter 1: Operating Room Equipment Technology
Chapter 2: Sterilization Equipment Technology
Chapter 3: Technology of Anesthesia and Resuscitation Devices
Definition
The operating room is a facility dedicated to
invasive actions performed regardless of the
the method and the purpose, by making use of
suitable equipment and by bringing together all the
required medical and paramedical skills
to ensure the safety of patients.
According to Gandjbakhch (2009, p. 1),
I. Structure of the operating room
The operating room is a set of 5 main sectors:
The reception hall for patients, staff, and medical devices
The operating rooms
The recovery room
The support premises (the block pharmacy, the washing room of
instruments, office of the block manager,...
The premises of the staff (changing rooms, restrooms, break room, ..)
I. Structure of the operating room
Operating room
Recovery room Reception
Local of Local of Sterilization
Support personnel (pre-wash)
I.1. Architectural Design
The architectural design of the operating room stems from a
medical project expressed by the users (surgeons)
designed by architects, advised by engineers
(biomedical and research offices.
There are as many architectural designs as there are blocks.
operational.
However, there are common rules that we must
find in any operating room design
[Link] type
There are several principles for the construction of operating rooms,
generally there are two methods:
Conventional construction (concrete, brick, ..)
Modular construction (prefabricated elements assembled on site)
I.2.1. Type of conventional construction
[Link] of modular construction
I.2.3. Conventional construction VS modular
I.2.3. Conventional construction VS modular
Criteria Conventional Modular
Cost + -
Execution time - +
Scalability - +
Maintenance - +
I.3. SAS function
The purpose of the airlocks is to ensure controlled passage and under
certain conditions, between two aseptic quality areas
different.
The following elements can be distinguished:
1. patient access
2. changing rooms for access to the operating room
3. Office of Nursing Executives
4. Break room
I.3.1. Patient access
The patient transfer airlock allows
to ensure patients' access to
the inside of the operating room with a
stretcher trolley (clean)
The dirty cart remains outside the block
operational
I.3.2. Access to the block
I.4. Operative Function
The operational function leads us to distinguish three
additional premises to better manage the process
of the operation and to ensure its success.
1. preparation of the patient
[Link]-anesthesia
3. hand washing of the surgical team
I.4. Operative function
1. preparation of the patient 2. Hand washing 3. pre-anesthesia
I.5. Alarm function
The recovery room is the place where the patient is taken.
after the operation with the help of a stretcher trolley
I.6. Disinfection function
It is necessary to plan a place for it in the operating room.
cleaning and disinfection.
The items to be cleaned and disinfected are the
common mobile equipment of operating rooms
that biomedical equipment such as microscopes,
fans or monitors.
I.6. Disinfection function
Regarding surgical instruments, these
will join sterilization after being locked in
soaking tubs.
II. Flows and fluids
The flows and fluids are studied during the design phase.
because once the room is built, it is difficult to make changes.
modifications.
Located in the operating rooms but also throughout
the hospital, they are subject to numerous regulatory texts in order to
to ensure the safety of the patient as well as that of the users.
We find texts of a mandatory nature such as the decree
October 22, 1982 (safety of gas dispensing devices) or
still non-mandatory standards such as FD S90-155 [11].
II. 1. Ventilation
Ventilation is one of the most important elements to ensure a
good level of asepsis in the operating room. It prevents
the introduction or stagnation in the particle operation room
susceptible to infecting a surgical wound
it provides continuous decontamination and ensures comfort of
patient as well as the surgical team.
The ventilation system also regulates the temperature.
the humidity and the air flow.
II. 1. Ventilation
II. 1. Ventilation
Classification of risk zones
II. 1. Ventilation
II. 1. Ventilation
II.2. Medical fluids
Medical fluids or medical gases are elements that are part of the
medical devices (D.M.)
Based on the standard NF EN ISO 7396-1 (AFNOR, 2007), a complete system
to manage medical fluids includes a power supply unit,
pipeline network and wall outlets at points where medical gases
or evacuations of anesthetic gases may be required.
II.2. Medical fluids
Color codes
II.2. Medical fluids
II.3. Strong current / Electricity
Regarding the outlets, it is necessary to optimize their number.
so that all the planned activities in the room can be carried out
optimally while limiting the costs associated with oversizing
(take into account the connection points of the distribution arms).
Additionally, in order to facilitate the working conditions of users, their
positioning must be considered in advance and the type of grip must be
clairement identifiable par des couleurs (rouge pour les prises ondulées,…).
II.3. Weak Current/Computer Network
The computer network is very important because it will allow for the transmission of
and to store various data. Indeed, many medical devices
can be networked and it is therefore necessary to plan for the sockets
computer science from the design stage.
III. Fixed medical equipment
Operational lighting
2. Ceiling fixtures
3. Gain techniques
[Link] columns
III. Fixed medical equipment
III. Fixed medical equipment
IV. Mobile medical equipment
1. Operating tables
Anesthesia station
3. Monitoring
Electric scalpel
5. Electropneumatic tap
6. Laparoscopy column
Surgical microscope
8.…
IV.1. Operating tables
IV.2. Anesthesia station
IV.3. Bistouries
IV.4. Laparoscopy column
IV.5. Surgical Microscope
Conclusion