A) solve the following exercises

one The car moves at a constant speed of 216 km/h. Express this speed in m/s and calculate it.
m the distance covered in 15 seconds

To convert from km/h to m/s, we use the rule of three or simply knowing the equivalence that
1 m/s = 3.6 km/h this equivalence makes it easier to convert these magnitudes, in our case it is

216 km/h / 3.6 km/h = 60 m/s

now they ask us about space, for this we rely on the space formula which is
e = v * t replacing with our data we have to.

e=60m/s*15s
e = 900 m

2) a mobile travels at a speed of 0.6 km/h, calculate the distance covered in 3 seconds.

we again make use of the rules we convert from km/h to m/s in order to have the same magnitudes
that the time which is given in seconds and not in hours, therefore.
(0.6 km/h) /(3.6 km/h) = 0.16 m/s. Having done this, we can calculate the distance traveled in 3 seconds.

e=v*t
e = 0.16 * 3 = 0.5m the mobile travels 0.5m in 3 seconds

3) la velocidad de un avion es de 980km/h y la de otro es de 300 m/s , ¿cual de los dos es mas veloz?

Since we have two planes, we will assign names; the first plane will be called A, the second B.
to know which is faster we must have the same scale to judge, in our case
we will transform km/h to m/s using the previous scale

we transform the speed of the plane A: (980 km/h) / (3.6 km/h) = 272.2 m/s
therefore we can judge that the fastest plane is plane B

4) How long does it take for a vehicle to cover 600 km at a constant speed of 12 m/s?

Let's convert km to m, therefore we know that 1 km = 1000 m, knowing this we make a rule of
3 in which 600 km = 600000 m, the problem tells us that it travels constantly at 12 m/s, to
To cover 600,000 m, it will take (600,000 m) / (12 m/s) = 50,000 s = 13.88 h

5) Sound travels in air at a speed of 340 m/s. How long does it take to be heard?
The sound of a cannon situated 15 km away?

Data:

v = 340 m/s
d = 15 km, which is equivalent to 15000 m.
t = ? unknown is what they ask of us in the problem
To know the time, we use the formula for speed v = d / t, from which we can solve for time.
t = d / v knowing this we proceed to solve the problem.

t = (15000 m) / (340 m/s)

t=40.12 s

no it looks

A motorcyclist travels east at a speed of 90 km/h for 10 minutes; then he returns.

to the west at a speed of 54 km/h for 20 minutes and finally returns to the east,
for 15 minutes traveling at a speed of 108 km/h calculate for the entire trip.

a. the total distance traveled

b. the average speed
c. the displacement
d. the average speed

To solve this problem, we will divide the 3 trips separately to develop it more easily.
exercise, in this case we have the following data.

Orient
v= 90 km/h
t = 10 m which is equivalent to 0.16 h
d = ? We use its formula d = v*t therefore d = 90*0.16 = 14.4 km

West:
v = 54 km/h which is equivalent to 0.33 hours
t=20 m
d= (54km/h)*(0,33 h) = 17,82 km

East:
v= 108 km/h
t = 20 m equivalent to 0.25 h
d = (108 km/h) * (0.25 h) = 27 km

With this data, we proceed to solve the exercise.

a) 14,4 km + 17,82 km + 27 km = 59,22 km

b) to know the average speed we use its formula: total distance / total time
rm = 59.22 km / (0.16h + 0.33h + 0.25h) = 80.027 km/h
c) to know the displacement, we rely on the journeys; if we look first, I traveled to the
east, then I return in the direction of the west, finally I return to the east, which is why we conclude as
I understand that the time I traveled to the west counts as a deduction because it reduced our quantity.
traveled, therefore: taking as d1 the first distance traveled d2 the second and d3 the third
we have to = d1 - d2 + d3
14,4 km - 17,82km + 27km = 23,58 km
d) vm= distancia total / tiempo total = 23,58 km/(0.16h + 0.33h + 0.25h) = 31.86 km/h
8) A car makes a trip between two cities that are 60 km apart. In the first 40 km
travels at 80 km/h and in the remaining kilometers develops only 20 km/h.
a. How long does the trip take?
b. What is the average velocity and the average speed in the journey?

Data:
dt = 60 km total distance we will divide it into two
d1= 40 km distance 1
d2= 20 km distance 2
v1 = 80 km/h speed 1
v2 = 20 km/h speed 2

To solve for 'a' we need to know the times, we know that t = d/v
Therefore, in order to make the exercise easier, we will divide the times into two according to each
speed, then we will sum them up and that way we will obtain the total time the trip takes.

t1 = (40km) / (80 km/h) = 0.5h

t2 = (20 km) / (20 km/h) = 1 hour

Therefore, the total time is 0.5h + 1h = 1.5h

to find the average speed we rely on its formula

vm = total distance / total time
vm= 60 km / 1.5 h = 40 km/h
In this case, the vm = rm, therefore the exercise ends.

If an explosion occurred on the sun, which is 150 million kilometers away from Earth,
How much time after the occurrence of the event would it be observed on Earth?

As they ask us for time, and we know that its formula is given by t = d/v
Now we must interpret the data they give us.

Data:
d= 150000000 km
v = 300000 km/s this is the speed of light which is deduced from the data because they indicate to us in
being observed, if the problem were about being heard, the speed of sound would be used.

Therefore, we have the necessary data.

t = 150,000,000 km / 300,000 km/s = 500 s
C. solve the following problems

Two trains depart from the same station, one at 50 km/h and the other at 72 km/h. What distance?
Will they find one another after 120 minutes?
a. if they march in the same direction?

b. if they march in opposite directions?

Data
v1= 50 km/h velocidad tren 1
v2= 72 km/h velocidad tren 2
t = 120 m, which is equivalent to 2h

we know that distance is d = v * t Knowing this we can obtain the distances of each train
d1 = 50 km/h * 2h = 100 km
d2 = 72 km/h * 2h = 144 km
They ask us how far apart they are from each other, that is, what is the difference between them.
whoever has advanced the most compared to the one who has advanced the least in this case would be

144 km – 100 km = 44 km

b. To solve the 'b' we consider that both trains are moving away from each other, therefore it is
the sum of the distances of each train:
144 km + 100 km = 244 km

2) car 'a' departs at km 0 at t=0, after 2 hours it travels 100 km, car 'b' departs at
50 km at t=0 after 2 hours it has traveled 100 km
b. the speed of 'a' is 50 km/h, the speed of 'b' is 25 km/h
c. d = v * t

d1 = 50 km/h * 2h = 100 km
d2 = 25 km/h * 2h = 50 km
3) Stations 'a' and 'b' are 480 km apart. A train departs from 'a' towards 'b' at a speed of 50.
km/h and simultaneously a train leaves from 'b' towards 'a' at a speed of 30 km/h. calculate when
the distance of 'a' intersect and at what time after the second train has departed.
We will build a system of equations to be able to solve for the distance and then use this to find the
time.

For the train of 'a' t= d/ (50 km/h) we will call this equation number 1
for the 'b' train t= (480-d) / (30 km/h) which we will call equation number 2

Having done this, we can equalize the times and from this, clear the distance variable.

d / (50 km/h) = (480 - d) / (30 km/h)

30d = 24000 - 50d

80d= 24000
d = 24000 / 80
d = 300 km
Now we have distance and speed, the necessary elements to find the variable time. This variable is...
you can find by substituting in either of the first two equations in this case we will substitute in the
first equation because it is simpler.
t = 300 km / (50 km/h)
t = 6h
They cross 300 km from station A, 6 hours after train B has departed.

4) Two stations A and B are separated by 430 km. A train departs from A towards B at a speed of 40 km/h.
Two hours later, a train leaves from B to A at a speed of 30 km/h. Calculate the distance from A.
they cross paths and how much time after the second train has departed.

the train leaving from A travels at a speed of 40 km/h, thus A covers 80 km in 2 hours, right at
that moment when part B, its distance is just 430km-80km, these 80 are the ones that have already
Train A has traveled, therefore only a distance of 350 km remains at the moment the two meet.
trains, this will be t = total distance / total speed, as both have speeds in the same
In this sense, they add up, therefore t = 350 km / (40 km/h + 30 km/h) = 5h but considering that the
Train A had departed 2 hours earlier; the total time will be 7 hours after Train A has left and 5.
hours after the train B has left, the distance from A will be d = t * v

d = 7h * 40 km/h = 280 km
Two trains depart from two cities A and B that are 500 km apart, with speeds of 90 km/h and 60 km/h.
km/h respectively. But B leaves an hour earlier. When will they meet and at what distance?
a. if they travel towards each other
b. if they travel in the direction from A to B

if B leaves an hour earlier, we consider that it will cover a distance of 60 km because

travels at 60 km/h, the new distance between A and B will be 500 km - 60 km = 440 km, now we are asked for the
time when they meet, we isolate this from the formula
t = 440km / (60 km/h + 90 km/h) = 2.93 h, which is equivalent to 2h 56 minutes

now the distance from A is d=v*t

d = 90 km/h * 2.93 h = 263.7 km
the distance they are from B would be
d = 60 km/h * 3.93 h = 235.8 km Notice that it is 3.93 not 2.93, this is because it started an hour earlier.

b. If both trains travel from A to B, they indicate that they are going in the same direction as the one from B.
Half an hour earlier, it already has a lead of 60 km over train A; now let's consider that train A
travels at 90 km/h, meaning that for every hour that passes, it covers 30 km more than B. After 2 hours, the...
Train A will have met Train B, we verify this in the following way at a distance
from "A".

d = 90 km/h * 2h = 180 km
d = 60 km/h * 3h = 180 km Notice that it is 3 hours not 2 hours because this train left an hour earlier.

EVALUATIVE QUESTIONNAIRE

At the moment a car starts from rest with a constant acceleration of 2 m/s.2, another
A car passes by you at a constant speed of 10 m/s. Calculate how long it takes for the...
first, catch up to the second, and what speed will the first car have at that moment.
Data:
Vo=0m/s
a = 2 m/s2
As we can observe, it is a uniformly accelerated linear motion; therefore, we will use the formulas.
corresponding.
d=Vo*t +((a*t2) / 2) which is reduced in many books to d = (a * t2)
we will replace the values d= (2m/s2*t2)/2
d= t2notice that we canceled the one above with the one below this will be called equation number 1
Now let’s observe car 2; it travels at 10 m/s, so its distance formula is given by
d=v*t

d = 10 m/s * t this will be named equation number 2

Having done this, we proceed to equalize the two equations.

t2=10 m/s*t
t2-10 m/s *t=0
to satisfy this equality t=0 or t=10 in this case only t=10 is useful for us
Once the time variable is known, we can find the distance by substituting into either of the two.
previous equations in our case will replace in equation 1
d= t2in our case d= (10s2) = 100m
Now they ask us what will be the speed of the first mobile at the moment of the encounter?
This indicates that we must use the final velocity formula since it is the last velocity that is
In the exercise, in addition to the fact that the first mobile's speed is accelerated, we will use the
formula vf=Vo +a*t
vf = 0 m/s + 2 m/s2(10s) = 20 m/s

A sphere is on the ceiling of a wagon that starts from rest with constant acceleration of
5 m/s2as shown in the figure. Determine the distance at which the wagon is located when the
sphere reaches the floor if the initial height is 5m.

To develop this problem, first of all, we identify that it is free fall, therefore
we will take into account the acceleration as the gravity of the earth 9.807 m/s2we know the height the
what is h= 5m given these two data we can calculate the speed, so we will use the
vf formula2= 2*g*h
vf2= 2*9.807m/s25 m
vf298.07 now we take the square root of both sides of the equality
vf = 9.9 m/s, which we will round to 10 m/s to make calculations easier.
Once we know the speed, we can find the time which is obtained using the formula of
instantaneous speed of a body in free fall after a time
Vi = g*t solving for 't', t = Vi / g

therefore t = (10 m/s) / (9.807 m/s2resulting in 1.019 which we will round to 1s

Now we know a variable "t" that is essential to know the distance traveled by the wagon.
Therefore, we will use your formula.

d=(a*t2) / 2 we know that the wagon travels at 5 m/s2

d=(5m/s2*1s2)/2
d= 2,5m

The attached graph corresponds to the acceleration as a function of time of a moving object with trajectory
rectilínea. Realizar el gráfico de la velocidad en función del tiempo sabiendo que la velocidad inicial es
zero, and calculate the distance traveled by the mobile.
4) the speed of a mobile object in rectilinear motion experiences the variation indicated by the
Graph. Calculate the average acceleration from t=0 to t=5s and draw the graph of acceleration as a function.
of time.

Vm = Vf - Vo / tf - to

Vm= 30-10 / 5-0

Vm = 4m
third and fourth period

A jet lands at a speed of 100 m/s and can accelerate at a maximum rate
from - 5 m/s2when will it stop. a) From the moment it touches the track
landing, what is the minimum time necessary before it stops?, b) this airplane,
Can it land on a runway that is 0.8 km long?

Data:
vi = 100 (m/s) initial speed
a = -5 (m/s2acceleration
vf= 0 (m/s) final speed

t = (vf - vi) / a = (0 (m/s) - 100 (m/s)) / (-5 (m/s))2)) = 20 (s)

To know if it can land on a runway of 0.8 (km) = 800 (m), you need to calculate what
distance covered with the information you have and then compared with those 800 (m).
d = vi*t + ((a*t2) / 2) = 100 (m/s) x 20 (s) + ((-5 (m/s2) x (20 (s)2( / 2) = 1.000 (m)

It is observed that braking at a rate of -5 (m/s2needs 1,000 (m) of runway, therefore it does not
it manages to land on a runway of 800 (m).

A spaceship moves in free space with a constant acceleration of 9.8 m/s2

a) If starting from rest, how long will it take to acquire a speed of one-tenth of
the speed of light
b) What distance will it cover during that time?
(speed of light = 3x108(m/s)

Data:
a = 9.8 (m/s2acceleration
vi= 0 (m/s) initial velocity
vf = vluz / 10 = 3 x 108(m/s) / 10 = 3x107final velocity (m/s)
t = (vf - vi) / a = (3 x 10 (m/s) – 0 (m/s))/9,8 (m/s2) = 3.061.224,49 (s) = 35 dias 10 h 20 min 24,49 s
7

d = vi*t + ((a*t2) / 2) = 0 (m/s) x 3,061,224.49 (s) + (9.8 (m/s23,061,224.49 (s)2)/2 = 4.59x1013(m)

3) When shooting an arrow with a bow, it acquired an acceleration while traveling

a distance of 0.61 m. If its speed at the moment it was fired was 61 m/s,
What was the average acceleration applied by the arc?
Data:
vi = 0 (m/s) initial speed
d = 0,61 (m ) distancia
vf= 61 (m/s) velocidad final
a = (vf2– vi2)/2d = ((61 (m/s))2(0 (m/s))2)/(2 x 0.61 (m)) = 3.050 (m/s2)

A mobile device with a speed of 40 m/s decreases it uniformly at a rate of 5 m/s.2

Calcular: a) la velocidad al cabo de 6 s, b) la velocidad media durante los 6 s, c) la distancia recorrida
in 6 s.
Datos:
vi = 40 (m/s) initial speed
a = -5 (m/s²) acceleration
t = 6 (s) time

solution:

vf = vi + a*t = 40 (m/s) + (-5 (m/s²) x 6 (s)) = 10 (m/s) final speed

v = (vi + vf) / 2 = (40 m/s + 10 m/s) / 2 = 25 m/s average speed
d = v * t = 25 (m/s) x 6 (s) = 150 (m) distance

A mobile starts from rest with constant acceleration and when it has covered
250 m, its speed is 80 m/s. Calculate the acceleration.
Data:
vi = 0 (m/s) initial speed
d = 250 (m) distance
vf= 80 (m/s) final speed

a= (vf2– you2)/2d = ((80 (m/s))2(0 (m/s))2)/(2 x 250 (m)) = 12.8 (m/s2)

A golf ball is released from rest from the roof of a very tall building.
Despreciando la resistencia del aire, calcule (A) la posición y (B) la velocidad
of the ball after 1 sec, 2 sec, 3 sec

The equations of free fall are: sometimes instead of 'g' the 'a' is used, and for initial velocity it is usually
use Vo, or use Vi both are valid.

Vf = Vo + g * t
h = Vo * t + ((g * t²) / 2)

As in this case Vo = 0m/s, we have:

Vf = g*t
h = (g*t2) / 2

ALTITUDE (actually it would be the distance traveled)

h (1s) = 0.5 x 9.8 x 1^2 = 4.9 m height after 1 second

h (2 sec) = 0.5 x 9.8 x 2^2 = 19.6m height after 2 seconds
h (3 sec) = 0.5 x 9.8 x 3^2 = 44.1 m height after 3 seconds

SPEED

Vf (1 sec) = 9.8 x 1 = 9.8 m/sec final velocity after 1 second

Vf (2 sec) = 9.8 x 2 = 19.6 m/sec final velocity after 2 seconds
Vf (3 s) = 9.8 x 3 = 29.4 m/s final speed after 3 seconds
7) a ball is thrown straight down with an initial speed of 8 m/s from a height
from 80m. After what time interval does the ball reach the ground?
Data:
Vi = 8 m/s
h = 80 m
a= 9,8 m/s2

we need to know how long it takes for the ball to touch the ground, for this we will isolate the time from the
following formula:

h = Vi * t + (a * t2) /2
80 = 8 * t + (9, 8 * t2)
/2
4.9t +8t - 80 = 0
2

From this, we can deduce the following to apply the student rule and thus obtain the values of 't'.
(-b +- √(b2- (4a * c) / (2a)

a= 4,9
b= 8
c= -80

(-8 +- √ (82-4(4.9)*(-80))/2*4.9

-8 ± √1632 / 9.8

t = 3.305

An hot air balloon travels vertically upward at a constant speed of 5.0 m/s.
When it is 21m above the ground, a package is released from the balloon. Calculate:
a) how long does the package stay in the air after being released
b) at what speed does the package reach the ground
c) repeat a and b in the case where the balloon descends at 5m/s

Data that they give us:

altura h= 21m
acceleration a=9.8m/s2
initial velocity Vo = -5m/s

having this we solve

h=Vo*t+ (a*t2)/2
21 = -5 * t + (9.8 * t2)/2
we isolate and set to zero
4.9t2-5t-21=0 to find out what values satisfy the equation
a = 4.9
b = -5
c = -21
and we apply the student formula which is (-b ± √(b2- (4a*c)) / 2a

this will give (-(-5) +- √((-5)2- 4(4,9)*(-21)))/2*(4,9)

(5 +- 20.89)/9.8

t= 2.64

Now we can apply the vf formula since we have the time.

vf=Vo +a*t
vf = -5 + 9.8 * 2.64
vf= 20,89 m/s

c) in the case that the balloon descends it would be the same but instead of the initial speed being
negative due to
it was against gravity in this case, it instead collaborates with free fall, therefore it is positive.
so we have

21 = 5*t + (9.8*t2)/2 we isolate and set to zero

4.9t2+5t-21=0 to find out what values satisfy the equation
it is worth 4.9
b equals 5
c value -21

and we apply the student formula which is (-b ± √(b2- 4a*c))/2a

this will give (-(5) +- √ ((-5)2- 4(4,9)*(-21)))/2(4,9)

(-5 ± 20.89)/9.8) which gives 15.89/9.8

t = 1.62

vf = Vo + a * t
vf = 5 + 9.8 * 1.62
vf= 20,87 m/s
It is possible to shoot an arrow at a speed of up to 100 m/s.
If friction is disregarded, to what height will an arrow launched at this speed rise when fired?
directly upwards?

Datos:
Vo= 100 m/s
Vf = 0 m/s this is due to the arrow coming to a stop
let's remember the formula of Vf=Vo +a*t
and we also know that the acceleration is - 9.8 m/s2because it is going uphill so it is slowing down
From this formula, we can find the time by isolating it.
0 = 100 + (-9.8)*t
t = 100/9.8
t = 10.204 s this is the time it takes to reach the top of the arrow

Knowing the time, we can now find the height 'h', which is defined by the formula
h=Vo*t+ (a*t2) / 2
h= 100*10,204+ (-9,8*104,12)/2
h = 510.2m having done this, the problem is solved, this is the maximum height that the arrow reaches.

A daring rancher, sitting on the branch of a tree, wishes to fall vertically onto a horse that
gallops under the tree. the constant speed of the horse is 10 m/s. and the distance from the branch to the level of
the saddle is 3m.
What should be the horizontal distance between the chair and the branch when the rancher makes his move?
b- how long will it be in the air?

Data:

h= 3m
Vo= 0 m/s debido a que estoy quieto en la rama aun no me he tirado
v = 10 m/s
a= 9,8 m/s2positive since we are in free fall
As we need to know the time, we will isolate it from the height formula.
h = Vo * t + (a * t)2) / 2
3 = 0*t + (9.8*t2) / 2
3= (9,8*t2)/2
6 = 9.8 * t2
t2= 6/9.8
t = √0.612
t = 0.782 s this is the answer to point 'b'

To find the point to which the distance is, we rely on the distance formula which is
d=v*t
d = 10 * 0.782
d= 7,824 m