COMPREHENSIVE C# BASIC MODULE
1. Introduction to C#
C# (pronounced “C sharp”) is a modern, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft
as part of the .NET Framework. It is widely used for desktop applications, web applications, game
development (Unity), mobile apps (Xamarin), and more.
Topics:
• What is .NET?
• CLR, CTS, CLS
• Structure of a C# Program
• Compilation and Execution Pipeline
2. Setting Up the Environment
To start coding in C#, you need:
• .NET SDK
• Text editor or IDE (Visual Studio, VS Code, Rider)
• C# compiler (comes with .NET SDK)
Creating your first project:
dotnet new console -o MyFirstApp
3. C# Syntax and Structure
A basic C# program consists of:
• Namespace
• Class
• Main Method
Example:
using System;
namespace MyApp {
class Program {
static void Main() {
[Link]("Hello World");
}
}
}
4. Data Types and Variables
C# provides many built-in data types:
• int, long, float, double
• string, char, bool
• decimal
• var (implicitly typed variable)
Variable declaration:
int age = 21;
string name = "Jerick";
5. Type Conversion
• Implicit conversion
• Explicit casting
• Convert class
• Parsing numbers from strings
Example:
int x = 10;
double y = x; // implicit
int z = (int)y; // explicit
6. Operators in C#
Arithmetic: + - * / %
Comparison: > < == !=
Logical: && || !
Assignment: = += -= *=
Operator Precedence matters:
int result = 5 + 3 * 2; // = 11
7. Control Statements
Conditional:
• if, else if, else
• switch-case
Loops:
• for
• while
• do-while
• foreach
Jump statements:
• break
• continue
• return
8. Methods and Functions
Methods are reusable blocks of code.
Example:
int Add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
Method overloading allows multiple methods with same name but different parameters.
9. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
OOP in C# consists of:
• Classes and Objects
• Encapsulation
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Abstraction
Classes define objects:
class Person {
public string Name;
public int Age;
}
10. Constructors
Constructors initialize objects.
class Person {
public Person(string name, int age) {
Name = name;
Age = age;
}
}
11. Properties in C#
Properties provide controlled access to fields.
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; private set; }
12. Arrays and Collections
Arrays:
int[] numbers = {1,2,3};
Collections:
• List
• Dictionary
• Queue
• Stack
List names = new List();
[Link]("Juan");
13. Exception Handling
try {
int x = [Link]("abc");
} catch (Exception ex) {
[Link]([Link]);
} finally {
[Link]("Done");
}
14. Introduction to LINQ
LINQ allows querying collections.
var results = [Link](n => n > 5).ToList();
15. File Handling
Writing files:
[Link]("[Link]", "Hello");
Reading files:
string data = [Link]("[Link]");
16. Console Input and Output
[Link]("Enter name: ");
string name = [Link]();
[Link]("Hi " + name);
17. Project: Simple C# Console App
Sample Application:
A simple student information system storing names in a list, displaying them, and allowing search
functionality.