Introduction
Enormous amount of waste is generated daily and its management is a huge task. The
prevailing scenario for solid waste final disposal is usually a matter of transporting the
collected waste to the nearest available open space and dumping it. However, only a
fraction of waste were properly collected and transported. Sometimes it is burnt to reduce
its volume and to minimize attraction of animals and vermin and also to retrieve
recyclable items.
Solid waste management and disposal is an alarming problem encountered by many of the
urban and industrial areas in developing economies in Asia. Waste generation has
witnessed an increasing trend parallel to the development of industrialization,
urbanization, and rapid growth of population. The problem has become one of the primary
urban environmental issues. (Adrian Coad 2003).
Solid waste management is an important facet of sustainable development for any
nation and prioritizing solid waste management is greatly supported by global initiatives.
Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, explicitly affirmed
that environmentally sound management of wastes was among the environmental issues
of major concern in maintaining the quality of Earth’s environment and especially in
achieving environmentally sound and sustainable development in all countries
(UNDESA, 2005).
Waste quantities are increasing at an alarming rate. The year 2010 the 7 billion people in the
world will be producing more than 2.5 billion tonnes of waste annually Low income countries
will be contributing more than 50% of this, but their share will increase with economic growth.
Countries with rapid economic growth and large cities such as China and India are already
struggling with the proper disposal of large quantities of solid waste. Currently, the major
expenditure is on collection and transportation but with more mechanisation and with the need
for proper disposal the share of disposal cost will rise. Many low income countries lack the
facilities for safe disposal. The current practice in most of the low income countries is
uncontrolled dumping and it might take more than 20 years to provide sanitary disposal of
municipal solid waste. With the growth of trade and industries the proportion of hazardous
industrial waste and its impact will also increase. ( Mansoor Ali, Andrew Cotton and Ken
Westlake, June 2005).
Sustainable solid waste management was again affirmed by the United Nations
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), adopted by 189 countries and signed by 147
heads of state and governments during the UN Millennium Summit in September 2000
(UNDP, 2007). The MDGs are eight goals to be achieved by 2015 that address the
world’s main development challenges and recognize the interdependence between
growth, poverty reduction and sustainable development. Though not as explicitly stated
as in Agenda 21, sustainable solid waste management is indirectly advocated in the
seventh goal which addresses environmental sustainability, and aims to integrate the
principles of sustainable development into country policies and programs, and reverse the
loss of environmental resources. ( Jennifer L. Post 2007)
The Research Problem
Statement of the problem
This study aims to answer the following question:
1.) What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Types of work
1.2 Educational background
2.) What is the level of problems encountered in solid waste management service of residents
along the shoreline in Davao city?
3.) In there a significant differences in the level of the problem encountered in solid waste
management service of the residents along the shorelines in Davao City?
Hypothesis
There is no significant difference in the level of problems encountered in solid waste management
service of residents along the shorelines in Davao City.
Review of related literature
Waste is an inevitable by-product of human life. Virtually every human activity generates some
type of material side effect or by-product. When the materials that constitute these by-
products are not useful or have been degraded such that they no longer fulfill their original or
other obvious useful purpose, they are classified as a waste material.
Practically speaking, wastes are generated from a wide range of sources and are usually
classified by their respective sources. Common generative activities include those associated
with residences, commercial businesses and enterprises, institutions, construction and
demolition activities, municipal services, and water/wastewater and air treatment plants, and
municipal incinerator facilities. Further, wastes are generated from numerous industrial
processes, including industrial construction and demolition, fabrication, manufacturing,
refineries, chemical synthesis, and nuclear power/nuclear defense sources (often generating
low- to high-level radioactive wastes).
This section provides an overview of the existing regulatory framework mandating the
management of wastes, environmental concerns associated with waste generation and
management, and various alternatives for the proper management of wastes. Recent
developments towards the development of sustainable waste management systems are also
highlighted. It should be mentioned here that although the content of this section reflects the
regulatory framework and practices within the United States, similar developments and actions
have occurred in other developed countries and are increasingly being initiated in numerous
developing countries. (Sharma, H.D. & Reddy, K.R. (2004).