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Statistical Tests and Confidence Intervals Guide

The document provides a comprehensive guide on various statistical tests including Z-tests and t-tests for means, Z-tests for proportions, confidence intervals for means and proportions, and One-Way ANOVA. Each section includes a description, formula, example, solution, and practice question. It serves as a resource for understanding and applying these statistical methods.

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8 views2 pages

Statistical Tests and Confidence Intervals Guide

The document provides a comprehensive guide on various statistical tests including Z-tests and t-tests for means, Z-tests for proportions, confidence intervals for means and proportions, and One-Way ANOVA. Each section includes a description, formula, example, solution, and practice question. It serves as a resource for understanding and applying these statistical methods.

Uploaded by

exequieldimaanomd
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Statistical Study Guide

1. Z-Test for the Mean (sigma Known)


Description: Used when population standard deviation is known and sample size is large (n · 30).
Formula: Z = (X· - mu) / (sigma / sqrt(n))
Example: A machine fills bottles with an average of 500 ml. A sample of 40 bottles has a mean of 495 ml an
Solution: Z = (495 - 500) / (10 / sqrt(40)) · -3.16 · P-value · 0.0016 · Reject H0
Practice Question: A sample of 50 items has a mean of 48.2. The population mean is 50 and sigma = 5. Tes

2. t-Test for the Mean (sigma Unknown)


Description: Used when population standard deviation is unknown and sample size is small (n < 30).
Formula: t = (X· - mu) / (s / sqrt(n))
Example: A teacher claims the average score is 75. A sample of 10 students has a mean of 72 and s = 5.
Solution: t = (72 - 75) / (5 / sqrt(10)) · -1.90 · P-value · 0.0903 · Fail to reject H0
Practice Question: A sample of 12 students has a mean score of 78. The hypothesized mean is 80 and s = 4

3. Z-Test for Proportion


Description: Used to test a population proportion when sample size is large.
Formula: Z = (p - pi) / sqrt(pi(1 - pi) / n)
Example: Claim: 60% prefer brand A. In a sample of 100, 55 do.
Solution: Z = (0.55 - 0.60) / sqrt(0.60 * 0.40 / 100) · -1.02 · P-value · 0.3074 · Fail to reject H0
Practice Question: In a sample of 200 people, 120 prefer brand B. Test if the true proportion is 60% at alpha

4. Confidence Interval for the Mean (sigma Known)


Description: Used to estimate population mean when sigma is known.
Formula: CI = X· ± Z(alpha/2) * (sigma / sqrt(n))
Example: Sample mean = 160, sigma = 10, n = 100, 95% confidence level.
Solution: CI = 160 ± 1.96 * (10 / sqrt(100)) = (158.04, 161.96)
Practice Question: Find the 99% confidence interval for a sample mean of 75, sigma = 8, n = 64.

5. Confidence Interval for Proportion


Description: Used to estimate population proportion.
Formula: CI = p ± Z(alpha/2) * sqrt(p(1 - p) / n)
Example: 55 out of 100 prefer brand A · p = 0.55
Solution: CI = 0.55 ± 1.96 * sqrt(0.55 * 0.45 / 100) · (0.4525, 0.6475)
Practice Question: In a sample of 150, 90 prefer brand C. Find the 95% confidence interval for the proportion

6. One-Way ANOVA
Description: Used to compare means of 3 or more groups.
Formula: F = MSB / MSW
Example: Ages of workers from 3 factories:
Factory 1: [27, 27, 28, 29, 30]
Factory 2: [30, 31, 32, 33, 34]
Factory 3: [24, 24, 25, 25, 26]
Solution: F = 39.71 · P-value · 0.000005 · Reject H0
Practice Question: Compare test scores from 3 different schools:
School A: [78, 80, 82, 85, 87]
School B: [70, 72, 74, 76, 78]
School C: [88, 90, 92, 94, 96]

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