Unit 9.
1
Air Pollutants
1. Which of the following is a primary pollutant?
A) Ozone
B) PAN
C) Carbon monoxide
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D) Sulphate
Answer: C) Carbon monoxide
2. Photochemical smog is formed by reaction between
A) SO₂ and water vapor
B) NOx and hydrocarbons in sunlight
C) CO and O₂
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D) NH₃ and H₂S
Answer: B) NOx and hydrocarbons in sunlight
3. Secondary pollutants are formed by
A) Industrial emissions directly
B) Reactions of primary pollutants in atmosphere
C) Sea salt and dust
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D) None
Answer: B) Reactions of primary pollutants in atmosphere
4. Which of the following is a gaseous pollutant?
A) Lead
B) Smoke
C) Sulphur dioxide
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D) Dust
Answer: C) Sulphur dioxide
5. PM₂.₅ refers to particles with diameter less than
A) 2.5 mm
B) 2.5 µm
C) 25 µm
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D) 0.25 µm
Answer: B) 2.5 µm
6. A major source of carbon monoxide is
A) Fertilizer industry
B) Incomplete combustion of fuels
C) Sea spray
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D) Volcano
Answer: B) Incomplete combustion of fuels
7. Nitrogen oxides are primarily emitted from
A) Fertilizers only
B) Motor vehicles and power plants
C) Oceans
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D) Forest fires only
Answer: B) Motor vehicles and power plants
8. Natural source of particulate matter is
A) Cooking fuel
B) Soil dust and volcanic ash
C) Mining
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D) Thermal power plant
Answer: B) Soil dust and volcanic ash
9. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are mainly emitted from
A) Solvent and paint use
B) Forest fire
C) Marine algae
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D) Soil erosion
Answer: A) Solvent and paint use
10. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?
A) NO₂
B) O₃
C) CO
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D) Dust
Answer: B) O₃
11. Photochemical smog mainly contains
A) PAN and O₃
B) CO and CO₂
C) SO₂ and dust
D) H₂S and NO₂
✅ Answer: A) PAN and O₃
12. PAN stands for
A) Peroxyacetyl nitrate
B) Peroxy acid nitride
C) Peroxide ammonium nitrate
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D) None
Answer: A) Peroxyacetyl nitrate
13. Major source of SO₂ in atmosphere is
A) Vehicle emission
B) Coal combustion
C) Fertilizer plant
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D) Volcanoes only
Answer: B) Coal combustion
14. Which of the following is not an anthropogenic source of air pollution?
A) Volcano
B) Industry
C) Transport
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D) Domestic fuel burning
Answer: A) Volcano
15. Particulate matter can be
A) Solid only
B) Liquid only
C) Both solid and liquid
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D) Gaseous
Answer: C) Both solid and liquid
16. Primary pollutants react to form secondary pollutants in presence of
A) Water
B) Sunlight
C) Cold air
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D) Dust
Answer: B) Sunlight
17. Ozone is a secondary pollutant because
A) It is emitted directly
B) It is produced by chemical reactions in air
C) It is stable gas
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D) It is non-reactive
Answer: B) It is produced by chemical reactions in air
18. The main source of lead pollution in air is
A) Paint industry
B) Vehicular emissions (old fuels)
C) Sea salt
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D) Soil erosion
Answer: B) Vehicular emissions (old fuels)
19. Particulates smaller than 10 µm are dangerous because
A) They dissolve in water
B) They penetrate deep into lungs
C) They block sunlight
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D) They are visible
Answer: B) They penetrate deep into lungs
20. Greenhouse gases include all except
A) CO₂
B) CH₄
C) N₂
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D) N₂O
Answer: C) N₂
21. Carbon monoxide affects human health by
A) Damaging skin
B) Reducing oxygen carrying capacity of blood
C) Causing cancer
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D) Causing nausea by smell
Answer: B
22. SO₂ exposure causes
A) Skin burns
B) Eye irritation and bronchitis
C) Kidney failure
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D) None
Answer: B
23. NO₂ exposure causes
A) Nervous system disorder
B) Acid rain formation
C) Tooth decay
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D) All of above
Answer: B
24. Ozone causes
A) Eye irritation and chest pain
B) Foul smell
C) Liver damage
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D) Kidney stones
Answer: A
25. Lead poisoning primarily affects
A) Nervous system
B) Eyes
C) Skin
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D) Digestive tract
Answer: A
26. Fluorine and HF cause
A) Chlorosis
B) Necrosis in plants
C) Increased growth
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D) No effect
Answer: B
27. Acid rain damages
A) Crops only
B) Buildings, monuments, soil, and vegetation
C) Only aquatic life
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D) None
Answer: B
28. The major cause of marble corrosion in Taj Mahal is
A) Acid rain (SO₂, NOx)
B) Dust only
C) CO₂
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D) Pollen grains
Answer: A
29. Particulate matter in air affects
A) Photosynthesis by blocking sunlight
B) Increases water content in air
C) Improves growth
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D) None
Answer: A
30. Ozone layer depletion causes
A) Skin cancer
B) Acid rain
C) Global cooling
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D) Smog
Answer: A