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Evolution Unit Study Guide for Biology

The document is a study guide for an evolution unit in biology, covering complex patterns of inheritance, principles of evolution, and natural selection. It discusses Mendelian genetics, Darwin's theories, and the process of speciation, including examples from the Galapagos finches. Key concepts include allelic frequencies, fitness in evolutionary biology, and types of natural selection.

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8 views3 pages

Evolution Unit Study Guide for Biology

The document is a study guide for an evolution unit in biology, covering complex patterns of inheritance, principles of evolution, and natural selection. It discusses Mendelian genetics, Darwin's theories, and the process of speciation, including examples from the Galapagos finches. Key concepts include allelic frequencies, fitness in evolutionary biology, and types of natural selection.

Uploaded by

Elisabeth
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE EVOLUTION UNIT

Extending Mendelian Genetics (Chapter 7)

7.1 - 7.2 Complex Patterns of Inheritance


• Incomplete Dominance

• Codominance

• Multiple Alleles

• Polygenic Traits

• Epistasis

• Sex-Linked Traits

o XY (male)

o XX (female)

o Carrier

• Influence of Environment on Phenotype

• Dominant vs. Recessive Disorders

7.4 Pedigree Analysis

• Trait is dominant if …

• Trait is recessive if …

• Trait is sex-linked if …

Principles of Evolution (Chapter 10)


• Evolution Definition:

• Population
• Allelic Frequencies
o What does this refer to?
o Given # of a specific allele and the total # of alleles, you should be able to
calculate the allelic frequency.
• Gene Pool
Darwin’s Thinking:
1. Overproduction leads to competition
o Thomas Malthus on human population growth…

2. Variation exists within populations

3. Species have the capacity for modification


o Artificial Selection

Darwin’s Voyage:
4. Endemic but similar species

5. Adaptation of similar species to different habitats

Theory of Natural Selection (10.3):


• How is Fitness measured in Evolutionary Biology?

• *Four Principles of Natural Selection*


o Variation

o Overproduction

o Adaptation

o Descent with Modification

The Evolution of Populations (Chapter 11)

Natural Selection in Populations (11.2):


• Normal distribution

• Three Types of Natural Selection:


o Directional selection

o Stabilizing selection

o Disruptive selection
BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE EVOLUTION UNIT

The Process of Speciation: (3 Steps)


1)

2)

3)

• Phylogenetic Tree

Peter and Rosemary Grant:


• In the first drought (1977) only large, woody seeds were available for food. Describe
how the medium ground finch populations changed as a result.

• What is the definition of a species?

• What two things did the Grants show were able to keep the ground finch and the
cactus finch from mating?

• The Galapagos finch are similar to the mainland finch. According to DNA research,
what is the most likely explanation for the variety of finch species found on the
Galapagos Islands?

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