Bihar Engineering University, Patna

[Link]. 5h Semester Examination, 2023 Time: 03 Hours

Course: [Link]. Full Murks: 70
Code: 10S501
Subject: Artificial Iutelligence

Instructions:
margin.
(i) The marks are indicated in the right-hand
(i) There are NINE questions in this paper.
(iii) Attempt FIVE questions in all.
AM

(iv) Question No. I is compulsory.

Q1 Choose the correct answer to the following
(Any seven questions only): |2 x7e14|
(a) Which of the following best defines an intelligent agent?
predetermined rules
() A device that follows a set of and takes actions to maximi~e its chances
perceives its environment
A system that
of success Z1202

(iii) A software that performs routine tasks

(iv) A human-like robot
Aby Which search algorithm uses a heuristic to prioritize which paths to explore?
(i)Depth First Search (ii)Breadth First Searchy
(i)Y A* (iv) DFID
Simulated Annealing is an example of which type of
search method?
(c)
(i) Uninformed search (iü) Heuristic search
(iii) Stochastic search (iv) Deterministic search
(d) The exploration problem is where
Agent contains the knowledge of State and actions.
of State and actions.
(ii) Agent does not contain the knowledge
(iii)" Only actions are known to the agent.
(iv) None of the above
of two parent solutions to
(e) Ingenetic algorithms, what is the process of combining parts
create offspring called?
() Crossover (ii) Mutation
(iii) Selection (iv) Evaluation
tokenization?
In Natural Language Processing, what is the purpose of
Toremove irrelevant data
(i)
(ii) To split text into individual words or phrases
(iii) To translate text into another language
(iv) To analyze the sentiment of a text
identical is called?
(e The process of making 2 logical expressions look
(i) Lifting fii) Unification
(iii)Inference process (iv)None of the Above
Machines that try to imitate human intuition while handling vague information lie in the
field of Alcalled?
() Functional Logic (ii) Boolean Logic

O ATH•IH (i)
(Gii) Human Logic
In neural
(1)
(ii)
networks, what
To initialize weights
is the
(iv) Fuzzy Logic
purpose of the activation function?

To introduce non-linearity into the model

Scwanithed
(iii) To combine input features
(iv) Tonormalize the data learning?
() What does the term "epoch" refer to in the context of deep
(i) The number of layers in the network
(iü) The number of nodes in a hidden layer
(ii) The size of the training dataset dataset
fiv) One complete pass through the entire training
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 0.2 (a) What is the Turing Test? Discuss its significance in the field of Al and highlight I7|
main criticisms and limitations.
some of its
detail.
A6) What is heuristic search in AI? Explain the A* algorithm in |7

.3 ka Discuss the Minimax algorithm used in game playing. How does alpha-beta |10|
pruning improve its performance? Provide an example to illustrate.
solving any Al problem.
by Explain the state space approach for [4|

24 What is an AND-OR search tree/graph? Give algorithm for searching AND-OR [8]
tree/graph. Discuss the
(b) Éxplain the concept of constraint satisfaction in artificial intelligence.
role of constraints and variables in problem representation. 6 : 3A
1 ?

0.5 (a) Represent the following sentences using first-order logic: [8|
(i))One's mom is one's female parent. (ii) One's husband is one's male spouse
(iii) Parent and child are inverse relations.
(iv) A grandparent is a parent of one's parent.
4 0 :

(b) What is the difference between a predicate and a proposition in thecontext of [6]
logic? Describe the semantics of propositional logic with the truth table
Q.6 (a) Explain how Bayesian networks represent uncertain knowledge. Discuss how [10]
inference is performed in Bayesian networks, and provide an example.
(b) What is partial order planning, and how does it differ from linear (total order) [4|
planning?
0.7 (a) Why is clustering important in machine learning?'Show the steps of the k-means [10]
algorithm by taking a suitable example. Giverthe time complexity analysis of k
means.
(b) Discuss the learning mechanism in multilayer neural networks using back [4)
propagation.

0.8 (a) Build adecision tree to find whéther one can buy a computer or not based on the [10]
following information.
"A middle-aged man having medium income with fair credit rating but is not astudent."
Class: buys
RID Age Income Student Credit rating computer
1 Youth High No Fair No
2 Youth High No Excellent No
3 middle ged High No Fair Yes
4 Senior Medium No Fair Yes
Senior Low Yes Fair Yes
6 Senior Low Yes Excellent No
middle aged Low Yes / Excellent Yes
Youth Mediumn No Fair No
Youth Low Yes Fair Yes

HIGHLY 10 Senior Yes Fair Yes

Medium
Youth Medium Yes Excellent Yes
Excellent Yes
12 middle aged Medium No
middle aged Yes Fair Yes
High
14 Senior Medium No Excellent No

(b) Describe the difference between rule-based and knowledge-based expert systems. 14]
O [6]
2.9 a) Describe the roles of selection, crossover, and mutation in a genetic algorithm. How
do these operations contribute to the evolution of solutions over generations?

Scwanithed (b) Write the short note on any two:

(i) Sentiment Analysis in NLP
(ii) Robot Perception (e.g., sensors, localization, mapping)
(ii) Bayesian Network
|4 x 2 = 8]

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