Sampling design
DR. AMIR AZIZ
Outline
➢ sampling design
Steps in sample designing
➢ type of universe
➢ sampling unit
➢ source list
➢ size of sample
➢ sampling procedure
Characteristic of good sampling design
Sample design
• A sample design is a definite plan for obtaining a
sample from a given population
. It refers to the technique or the procedure the researcher
would adopt in selecting items for the sample.
• Sample design also leads to a procedure to tell the
number of items to be included in the sample i.e., the
size of the sample. Hence, sample design is determined
before the collection of data.
• Among various types of sample design technique, the
researcher should choose that samples which are
reliable and appropriate for his research study.
Steps of sample design
Steps in sample designing
➢ type of universe
➢ sampling unit
➢ source list
➢ size of sample
➢ sampling procedure
Steps of sample design
1. Type of universe:
• In the first step the researcher should clarify and should
be expert in the study of universe.
• The universe may be finite (no of items are know) or
Infinite (numbers of items are not know).
Steps of sample design
[Link] unit
• A decision has to be taken concerning a sampling unit
before selecting a sample.
• Sampling unit may be a geographical one such as
state, district, village etc., or construction unit such
as house, flat, etc., or it may be a social unit such as
family, club, school etc., or it may be an individual.
Steps of sample design
[Link] list:
Source list is known as ‘sampling frame’ from
which sample is to be drawn.
It consists the names of all items of a universe. Such
a list would be comprehensive, correct, reliable and
appropriate and the source list should be a
representative of the population.
Steps of sample design
[Link] of sample:
Size of sample refers to the number of items to be selected
from the universe to constitute a sample.
• The size should not be too large or too small rather it should be
optimum.
• An optimum sample is one which fulfills the requirements
of efficiency, representativeness, reliability and flexibility.
• The parameters of interest in a research study must be kept
in view, while deciding the size of the sample.
• Cost factor i.e., budgetary conditions should also be taken
into consideration.
steps of sample design
[Link] procedure:
• In the final step of the sample design, a
researcher must decide the type of the sample
s/he will use i.e., s/he must decide about the
techniques to be used in selecting the items for
the sample.
Characteristics of a good sampling design
1. Sample design must result in a truly representative sample,
2. Sample design must be such which results in a small sampling
error,
3. Sampling design must be viable in the context of funds
available for the research study,
4. Sample design must be such that systematic bias can be
controlled in a better way, and
5. Sample should be such that the results of the sample study can
be applied, in general, for the universe with a reasonable level of
confidence.