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Algebra 1 Exercises and Propositions Analysis

The document outlines exercises for a module in Algebra 1 for the 2023-2024 academic year. It includes tasks such as demonstrating logical equivalences using truth tables, simplifying propositions, and expressing functions with quantifiers. Additionally, it covers various proof techniques including direct reasoning, case analysis, contrapositive reasoning, and counterexamples.

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6 views2 pages

Algebra 1 Exercises and Propositions Analysis

The document outlines exercises for a module in Algebra 1 for the 2023-2024 academic year. It includes tasks such as demonstrating logical equivalences using truth tables, simplifying propositions, and expressing functions with quantifiers. Additionally, it covers various proof techniques including direct reasoning, case analysis, contrapositive reasoning, and counterexamples.

Uploaded by

mainwebsub
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

University year : 2023-2024

Department :MI
Module : Algebra 1

TD1

Exercice 1 Let p, q and r three propositions. Show, using the truth table, the equivalence of
the following propositions :
1. p ∧ q ⇔ p ∨ q.
2. p ∨ q ⇔ p ∧ q.
3. p ⇒ q ⇔ p ∨ q
4. [(p ∧ q) ⇒ r] ⇔ [(p ⇒ r) ∨ (q ⇒ r)].
5. [p ∧ (q ∨ r)] ⇔ [(p ∧ q) ∨ (p ∧ r)].
6. [p ⇒ (q ∨ r)] ⇔ [(p ⇒ q) ∨ (p ⇒ r)].

Exercice 2 Let p and q two propositions. Simplify the following expression :

(p ∧ q) ∨ (p ∧ q) ∨ (p ∧ q).

(using the truth table ).

Exercice 3 Let the following propositions :


a. 248 is a multiple of 6 and 3 divides 48.
b. 248 is a multiple of 6 or 3 divides 48.
c. (∃x ∈ R, x + 5 = 0) or (∃x ∈ R, x + 9 = 0).
d. ∀x ∈ R, ∃y ∈ R; x + y < 0.
e. ∃x ∈ R, ∀y ∈ R; x + y < 0.
f. ∀x ∈ R, ∀y ∈ R; x + y < 0.
g. ∃x ∈ R, ∃y ∈ R; x + y < 0.
1. Noting the order of the quantifiers, indicate which of these propositions are true and
which are false (Justify your answer).
2. Give the negation of each of them.

Exercice 4 Let f : R −→ R be a function. deny the following propositions :


1. ∀x ∈ R, f (x) ̸= 0.
2. ∀M > 0, ∃A > 0, ∀x ≥ A, f (x) > M.
3. ∀x ∈ R, f (x) > 0 =⇒ x ≤ 0.
4. ∀ε > 0, ∃η > 0, ∀(x, y) ∈ I 2 , (|x − y| ≤ η ⇒ |f (x) − f (y)| ≤ ε).

Exercice 5 Let f : R −→ R be a function. Express the following propositions using quan-


tifiers :
1. f est constant.
2. f is not constant.
3. f cancels.
4. f is increased.
5. f is bounded.
6. f is even.
7. f is odd.
8. f is periodic.
9. f reaches all values of N.
10. f increasing.
11. f strictly decreasing.
12. f less than g.
13. f is not less than g.

Exercice 6 The following questions are independent.


1. Show by direct reasoning that : a, b ∈ Q, then a + b ∈ Q.
2. Show, using case by case reasoning that : ∀n ∈ N, n(n + 1)is divisible by 2.
3. Show, using contrapositive reasoning that : ∀n ∈ N, n2 is even ⇒ n is even.
a b
4. Show by the absurd that : ∀a, b ≥ 0, ( 1+b = 1+a
) ⇒ (a = b).
5. Show by counter example that : ∀x ∈ R, x < 2 ⇒ x2 < 4.
n2
Pn 3 2
6. Show by recurrence that : k=0 k = 4 (n + 1) .

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