Understanding the Periodic Table Basics
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ScribdTranslationsUnderstanding the Periodic Table Basics
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ScribdTranslationsPeriodic Table
Definition.- It is a graphic scheme that classifies, organizes, and distributes the • The block 'p' consists of six groups where the elements are located.
outer electrons occupy the 'p' sublevel.
different chemical elements according to their properties and characteristics.
• The "d" block has ten columns that constitute the subgroups "B", that is,
Characteristics the transition elements.
The table is organized into Periods and groups. • The "F" block includes fourteen columns or groups that correspond to the transition elements.
internal.
Location of an element in the Periodic Table:
To locate an element in the Periodic Table, one has to do the
Electronic Configuration of the atomic number of that element.
Period: The Period in which an element is found is equal to the maximum
level of its electronic configuration.
Period Number = Maximum level
Group:
Periods Groups or families
S A
Number of the period = Number of levels Number of group = Number of p 2A
What an atom has. valence electrons.
d 2B
Relationship between electronic configuration and periodic table
f IIIB
In the same group, all elements have the same electronic configuration.
at its external level.
In the same period, the elements have the same number of levels.
energy.
Electronic distribution of a period B
M L Non-Metals
Yes
e I
Ge
t As
v
Blocks of the periodic table a Sb You
i
Metals
The block 's' has two groups or columns, I and II A where the elements are. l a Po At
whose external electronic configurations are located in the "s" sublevel
e n Metalloids
Heavy Metals
We Evaluate Ourselves
Element
Exercises Electronic Configuration Period Group Name Family
o
1. If an element has an electronic configuration:
2 2 6 2 5
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p so in the table 31 S:1S2 , 2 S 2 , 2 P 6 ,3S 2 ,3P 4
the periodic is placed in the area of the: X 15
16
3 VI A sulfur chalcogens
Alkali metals b) Metalesde transición c) Metaloides
Noble Gases
d) Non-metals 20 X
208
X 126
2. What is the configuration of Molybdenum which has the atomic number 42?
[Ar]5s14d4 [Ar] 4s1 3d5 34 X
[Kr]5s 4d e) [Kr] 5s1 4d5 42 X
[Kr]5s 4d
24 X
3. Which series contains an alkaline earth metal, a metalloid and
104
a non-metal, in this order? X 56
a) Mg - As - S b) Sr - O - As
c) K - S -As d) Li - Sb - F
e) Na - Ca - F
1S22S22P4is located in the period
4. An element whose atomic number is
______________ and group: __________.
a) 1 and IV A b) 2 and VI A c) 2 and II B d) 1 and II B e) 3 and AI
5. Nonmetals are found in the area:
a) S b) p c) d d) F N.A.
6. Which of the following configurations corresponds to a halogen?
I. 1S2 , 2 S 2 , 2 P 6 II.1S2 , 2 S 2 III.1S2, 2 S 2, 2 P 4
IV.1S2 , 2 S 2 , 2 P 5