Acid-Base Titration Procedure Guide
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ScribdTranslationsAcid-Base Titration Procedure Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsAcid-base titration
Objectives
That the student determines the molar concentration of a solution of a
acid by means of its titration with a strong base.
INTRODUCTION
Chemists often wonder how to find the
concentration of a chemical substance in a solution. There are many
analytical techniques, such as chromatography and spectrophotometry. A
simple technique that is applied in the laboratory and does not require equipment
sophisticated, it is the title.
In a titration, a solution of known concentration is added to a
of unknown concentration in the presence of an indicator. When you are
substances finish reacting with each other, a change is observed in
coloration in the indicator. The indicator used will depend on the type of
the titration that is carried out; for example, in an acid-base titration, it is used
an indicator that changes color when there is a change in pH
complete the neutralization (equivalence point).
For example, if you want to determine the concentration of a strong acid, you
title with a strong concentration base known in the presence of a
indicator like phenolphthalein. This substance is colorless in acidic medium and
pink in basic middle. Other qualifications have points of
equivalence to different pH values and, therefore, requires others
Indicators. The most commonly used are shown in the following table:
Indicator Medium Basic medium pH of urine
acid
Alizarin yellow. Yellow Red 10.1 -12
Methyl orange. Red Yellow 3.2 - 4.4
Methyl red. Red Yellow 4.8 - 6.0
Iridescent Red Blue 4.7 - 8.3
Phenolphthalein Colorless Rose 8.2 -10
Thymol blue. Red Yellow 1.2 - 2.8
It has 2 turning points) Yellow Blue 8.0 - 9.6
Materials and reagents
2 1 mL syringes (insulin)
3 Soft drink lids.
- Sodium hydroxide: NaOH 1 M.
- Hydrochloric acid: HCl 1 M.
- Acetic acid: C2H4O21 liter of white vinegar.
- Phenolphthalein 1% in ethanol.
SECURITY MEASURES
1
• Use safety glasses and a lab coat. Be careful when handling acids.
two and bases.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
A 50 ml burette is usually used to carry out a
titration. The micro-scale technique requires a much smaller working volume
smaller, for which a 1 mL syringe will be used.
Part A. Titration of HCl with 1 M NaOH
Remove the needle from the syringe by bending it with the same cap and when finished.
using a lighter, the plastic lid is sealed and discarded in a
appropriate place. Note: this step is carried out exclusively by the
Teacher.
2. Submerge the tip of the syringe in a 1 M NaOH solution, pull the
slowly pull the plunger to suck in the titrant and lower the plunger to
rinse the microburette and dispose of this solution in a waste container.
Repeat this step two more times to clean the pipette of any
possibility of dirt or contamination.
3. Immerse the syringe again to fill it with the titrant.
It will be titled 1 liter of 1 M HCl. Place this volume of acid in a lid of
soda. Add a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator.
5. To titrate, gently push the plunger so that the titrant falls drop by drop.
a drop on the problem solution.
Continuously agitate the solution being titrated.
The titration ends when the indicator changes color and remains for
more than 30 seconds.
8. Note the volume of NaOH used.
The reaction that takes place is the following:
NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O
9. Empty the remaining mixture of titrant and the titrated sample into a container
of waste; never return the excess of the titrant solution to the container
original, as it could become contaminated.
10. Calculate the concentration of the problem solution using the formula:
(Total Molarity) (Total Volume) = (Precipitate Molarity) (Precipitate Volume)
MTVT= MpVp
Where the subindices T and P represent the titrant and the problem, respectively.
again.
Note that the previous formula can only be applied when a number x of
Base moles are neutralized with the same number of moles of acid.
In other cases, it is necessary to consider the mole ratio between the
acid and the base, for example:
2 Sodium Hydroxide + Hydrogen2S04No2S04+ 2 H20
In this case, two moles of base react with one mole of acid and the
calculation is: MTVT= 2 MpVp
2
Part B. Titration of acetic acid in a vinegar sample with NaOH
1M
Repeat the titration with 1 mL of white vinegar, which is a solution of
acetic acid. The reaction that will take place is the following:
CH3COOH + NaOH -> CH3COONa + H2O
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Waste is neutralized and poured into the drainage.
RESULTS REPORT
1. Complete the following table
Reagent Degree 1 Degree 2 Degree 3 Average
mL of NaOH
mL of
Vinegar
Determine the actual molarity of the vinegar.
(MolaridadT) ( Volumen T) = (Molaridad p) (Volumen p)
MTVT= MpVp
Formula Clear Substitution Result
MTVT= MpVp
QUESTIONNAIRE
Use the following data to answer the questions:
• Cuando se titula 1.00 mL de una solución de H3PO40.1 M is required
0.50 mL of a NaOH solution with concentration A.
3
4
When titling 1.00 mL of a KH solution2PO40.1 M, 0.50 is required.
mL of a NaOH solution with concentration B.
When titrating 1.00 mL of a K solution2HPO40.1 M, 0.50 is required
mL of a NaOH solution with concentration C.
Which of the following statements is correct?
a) Solution C is more concentrated than B and A.
b) Solution A is more concentrated than B.
c) Solution B is more concentrated than C and A.
d) Solution A is more concentrated than B and less than C.
e) Solution B is more concentrated than A and less concentrated than C.
2. What is the value of the molarity of B? ____________
3. How much of solution B will be required to titrate 1.00 mL of a 0.1M solution?
of H2SO4?
{"text":"CONCLUSIONS"}
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*Adaptado de
Doria Serrano, M. d., Ibañez Cornejo, J. G., & Mainero Mancera, R.
M. (2011). Chemistry Experiments at Microscale Intermediate Level
Superior D.F., Mexico: Trillas.