Introduction:
There is no doubt that the cotton draw frame is the quality filter of the
spinning mill. When there is a mistake in the sliver of the draw frame, there
will be defects in the yarn as a result. Thus, quality cannot be improved after
the draw frame, meaning that sliver quality must be monitored carefully, metre
by metre, at the last passage of the draw frame to ensure that the quality of
the slivers meet the self-set quality standards at the drawing frame point.
Objectives:
1. To know about draw frame.
2. To learn important task of draw frame.
3. To know passage diagram of draw frame.
4. Come learn different parts name of draw frame.
Some important task of cotton draw
frame:
1. Equalizing:
The draw frame plays an important role in improving equal ness over short,
medium, and long-term variations. Drawing is always equalized by doubling
and can be equalized by auto-leveling an optional second process.
2. Parallelizing and straightening:
The fibers in the yarn must be arranged parallel to one another for the yarn to
have optimum strength. To create this parallel arrangement the draw frame is
responsible for creating it. As a result of every drafting step, it accomplishes
this task by straightening the fabric’s fibers using the draft method.
3. Fiber orientation:
A sliver of fiber from a carding machine is oriented in all directions, contains a
leading and trailing hook, and is crimped. During drawing, these un-
oriented fibers become oriented towards the sliver’s axis. It is achieved by
drafting in the draw frame method.
4. Blending:
Although modern blow room processes can achieve through blending,
blending after carding improves the fiber composition of the sliver. When
several slivers are fed through a draw frame and recombined at the front, the
fibers in the individual slivers are blended well, resulting in a more uniform
fiber composition across the length of the final sliver than a card sliver.
5. Dust removal:
During drawing, there is a high level of friction between fibers and fiber and
metals during the drafting process, which makes the draw frame a good dust-
removing machine. The dust from the incoming air is more than 80% on high-
performance draw frames equipped with appropriate suction or removal
systems.
Some important terms of cotton draw
frame :
1. Drawing:
It is one of the processes used to manufacture yarn to draw the yarn after it
has been carded. The share of drawing cost in yarn cost has minimal effect on
the production cost of yarn, but the drawing process (draw frame) plays a
significant role in enhancing the quality of yarn in many ways, such as
evenness, strength, elongation at break, and degree of hairiness, which are all
essential factors in making yarns suitable.
2. Doubling:
A doubling process involves feeding two or more carded slivers together. As a
result of the drawing process, a combined sliver of the same linear density is
obtained. In the doubling process, six or eight slivers are usually combined
into a single sliver. As a result, the resulting sliver is more uniform, and linear
density has been improved. During doubling, how can the evenness of the
sliver be improved? By applying the law of doubling, we can understand this.
3. Drafting:
In the process of drafting, the input sliver is weighed less per unit length. In
the sliver, hooked and curled fibers are straightened, and fiber arrangement is
improved by making fibers parallel along their length. Here, fibers are
blended. Sliver dust is also eliminated through the drafting process. A pair of
drafting rollers are used to perform the drafting action. The rollers rotate
higher during the drafting process.
4. Creeling and Doffing:
The process of replacing the cans of feed material at the back of the machine
and joining the new can of sliver with the old can is referred to as creeling,
and the process of removing the full delivery cans from the front of the
machine is referred to as donning.
Working Principle of Draw Frame:
The drafting arrangement (3) receives four to eight card slivers. Each card
sliver can(1) is topped with a pair of fed rollers (2). Positive drive is used to
drive the fed rollers. The slivers running into the drafting arrangement(3) .The
slivers runs into the drafting arrangement, are subjected to a draft of 4 to 8
and leave it as a web and condensed into a sliver immediately.
It is then required that this sliver of metal is guided through a tube (4) via a
passage (6) of the tube gear and into a can (7), in which it has to be laid in
clean coils utilizing as much of the space as possible within the can by
compressing the sliver and passing it through calendaring rollers (5).
Machine Specification:
Raw materials Cotton, man-made fibers, blends, fiber length up to 60 mm
Doubling [fold] up to 8
Feed [ktex] 12 – 50
Draft [fold] 4.0 – 11.6
Delivered sliver weight [ktex] 1.25 – 7.00
Delivery 1
Delivery speed [m/min] up to 1 200
Conclusion:
Draw Frames are machines that double or combine slivers, blend and mix
them, and level and attenuate them transiently, through a series of pairs of
rollers, all at once. It is important to note that each pair of rollers in the drafting
arrangement moves faster than the previous pair. During this experiment, we
learned how the drawing machine worked, what the parts were called, and
how it worked. In the future, this will be helpful to us in our job field.