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Step-Index Single Mode Fiber Simulation

This paper presents an analytical simulation of Step Index Single Mode Fiber using COMSOL and OptiFiber, focusing on the effects of varying core diameter and operating wavelength on electromagnetic field patterns. The study utilizes mode analysis techniques to examine different core diameters and optical windows, providing insights into the fiber's performance. Results from both simulation methods are discussed, with implications for extending the findings to other optical fiber structures.

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10 views1 page

Step-Index Single Mode Fiber Simulation

This paper presents an analytical simulation of Step Index Single Mode Fiber using COMSOL and OptiFiber, focusing on the effects of varying core diameter and operating wavelength on electromagnetic field patterns. The study utilizes mode analysis techniques to examine different core diameters and optical windows, providing insights into the fiber's performance. Results from both simulation methods are discussed, with implications for extending the findings to other optical fiber structures.

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swas88.official
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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International Journal of Electronics Communication and Computer Engineering

Volume 11, Issue 4, ISSN (Online): 2249 071X

An Analytical Simulation of Step-Index Single


Mode Fiber using COMSOL and OptiFiber
Swastik Sahoo
IIT Bombay (Electrical Engineering), Mumbai, India.

Date of publication (dd/mm/yyyy): 01/09/2020


Abstract This Paper is about simulating various results of Step Index Single Mode Fiber, where the standard
parameters are according to that of OptiFiber. By varying core diameter and operating wavelength, Electromagnetic
field domain analysis is being done in COMSOL. The result of both the simulations can be extended to other
structure of Optical Fiber such as multi-mode step and graded index Fibers.

Keywords COMOSL, OptiFiber, Surface Electric Field, Dispersion, Polarization Mode Dispersion, Mode Field
Diameter, Losses.

I. INTRODUCTION

Step index fiber is characterized by refractive index profile which is uniform throughout the core and
will have step decrease in cladding. Step index fibers are mostly single mode which is defined by the way
light is traveling through transverse mode in space and is expressed by Helmholtz Equation. The simulation
analytics is divided into two parts, i.e. simulation through COMSOL, whereby varying the core diameter
and wavelength, EM field pattern is shown which is followed by simulation through OptiFiber where the
standard values are modified a little and the obtained simulations are discussed. This paper presents well-
defined analysis about the core diameter and wavelength dependence of the single mode step index fiber.

In this study, mode analysis technique is used for the fiber where the three different values of core
diameter is being taken, i.e. 2.5 µm, 4 µm and 6 µm at a fixed wavelength of 1550 nm. Then for Single
mode fiber, taking fixed core radius as 4 µm, three optical windows are being taken, i.e. 850 nm, 1310 nm
and 1550 nm. Core is taken as pure silica whose refractive index is 1.45 and that of cladding is Fused
silica with a refractive index of 1.442. Transverse electric field, magnetic field, electric field displacement,
polarization are studied for above cases. Then by taking core diameter as 4 µm and operating wavelength as
1550 nm, simulations are done through OptiFiber and the results are being discussed.

II. BACKGROUND STUDY FOR COMSOL

In an Optical Fiber, light travels through total Internal reflection at the core-cladding interface. A fiber is
characterized as a confined Optical Waveguide through which light propagates and depending on the
number of rays, we will get discrete modes. Normalized frequency, V for a fiber is given by the
expression:

(1)

For a single mode fiber, this V-number value is 2.40. So, for an operating wavelength of 1550 nm, if back
calculation will be done then radius of core can be calculated, which is 3.89 µm nearly equal to 4 µm. One
value less than this standard value and one value greater than this is taken, i.e. 2.5 µm and 6 µm
respectively. Three predefined optical windows which give minimum reflection and absorption are taken, i.

Copyright © 2020 IJECCE, All right reserved


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