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C Programming Exam Solutions Guide

The document provides detailed answers to a first-year university exam on C programming, covering fundamental concepts such as algorithms, data types, loops, and functions. It includes example programs for swapping numbers, calculating the area of a circle, finding factorials, and transposing matrices. Additionally, it explains key programming constructs like the switch statement and variable definitions.

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deepakgunjal.8d
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5 views2 pages

C Programming Exam Solutions Guide

The document provides detailed answers to a first-year university exam on C programming, covering fundamental concepts such as algorithms, data types, loops, and functions. It includes example programs for swapping numbers, calculating the area of a circle, finding factorials, and transposing matrices. Additionally, it explains key programming constructs like the switch statement and variable definitions.

Uploaded by

deepakgunjal.8d
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

FIRST YEAR UNIVERSITY EXAM – C PROGRAMMING DETAILED SOLVED ANSWERS

Q1. Short Answers (Detailed)

Define Algorithm: An algorithm is a finite sequence of well-defined steps to solve a problem and
must terminate.

Explain printf(): A standard C library function to print formatted output (from stdio.h).

Data Types: Primary – int, float, char, double; Derived – arrays, pointers, structures.

C is high level – True. It supports both low-level and high-level operations.

Types of Arrays: 1D, 2D, and multidimensional arrays.

C Token: Smallest elements – keywords, identifiers, constants, operators, symbols.

Types of Loops: for, while, do-while loops.

Define Recursion: Function calling itself with a base condition.

Compiler: Converts entire source code into machine code before execution.

Keyword: Reserved words like int, if, for that cannot be used as variable names.

Q2. Detailed Answers

Flowchart Example (Describe shapes: Start → Input → Process → Output → Stop)

Library vs User-defined Functions: Library functions are predefined (printf). User-defined functions
are created by the programmer.

2-D Array Declaration Example:


int a[3][3];

Ternary Operator Example:


int max = (a > b) ? a : b;

Swap Program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a, b, temp;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
printf("After swap: %d %d", a, b);
return 0;
}

Q3. Detailed Answers

Area of Circle Program:


#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
double r, area;
printf("Enter radius: ");
scanf("%lf", &r);
area = 3.14159 * r * r;
printf("Area = %.4lf", area);
return 0;
}

Factorial Program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, i;
unsigned long long fact = 1;
scanf("%d", &n);
for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
fact *= i;
printf("%llu", fact);
return 0;
}

If-Else Example:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n;
scanf("%d", &n);
if(n % 2 == 0)
printf("Even");
else
printf("Odd");
return 0;
}

Q4. Detailed Answers

Transpose of Matrix:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int m, n, i, j;
scanf("%d %d", &m, &n);
int a[m][n], t[n][m];
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
t[j][i] = a[i][j];
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
printf("%d ", t[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

Maximum of Two Numbers:


if(a > b)
printf("%d", a);
else
printf("%d", b);

While vs Do-While explanation included.

Q5. Short Note

Switch Statement Example:


switch(choice) {
case 1: printf("One"); break;
case 2: printf("Two"); break;
default: printf("Invalid");
}

Variable Definition: A variable is a named memory location. Rules: must start with letter/underscore,
cannot use keywords, case-sensitive.

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