Emergency/ ICU drugs

1. Cardiovascular / Shock / Arrhythmias

Drug Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Adrenaline Cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis 1 mg IV q3–5min (arrest) / 0.3–0.5 mg IM

(anaphylaxis) Monitor ECG, BP, HR
Noradrenaline Septic / cardiogenic shock 8–12 mcg/min IV infusion, titrate
Central line preferred, monitor MAP
Dopamine Shock with bradycardia 5–20 mcg/kg/min IV infusion Titrate to BP,
monitor urine output
Dobutamine Cardiogenic shock / low CO 2–20 mcg/kg/min IV infusion
Monitor HR & BP
Amiodarone VT / VF / AF 300 mg IV bolus → 1 mg/min infusion ECG & LFT
monitoring
Lidocaine VT 1–1.5 mg/kg IV bolus Max 3 mg/kg, monitor ECG
Atropine Symptomatic bradycardia 0.5 mg IV q3–5min, max 3 mg Monitor HR &
ECG
Magnesium sulfate Torsades / Eclampsia 2 g IV over 10–15 min Monitor
reflexes & BP
Adenosine SVT 6 mg IV → 12 mg if needed Fast push, flush immediately
Furosemide Pulmonary edema 20–40 mg IV, repeat if needed Monitor urine
output & electrolytes
Morphine Pulmonary edema / dyspnea 2–5 mg IV slow Monitor BP, RR

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2. Respiratory / Airway / Hypoxia

Drug Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Salbutamol Acute asthma / bronchospasm 2.5 mg nebulization q20min ×3 then q4h

Monitor HR, O2 sat
Ipratropium Bronchospasm 0.5 mg nebulization q6–8h Combine with salbutamol
for severe cases
Epinephrine Anaphylaxis / airway obstruction 0.3–0.5 mg IM Repeat if needed, monitor
airway
Methylprednisolone Severe asthma / COPD 1–2 mg/kg IV q12h Taper once stable
Oxygen Hypoxia 2–15 L/min via NC / mask Monitor SpO₂
Propofol Sedation for intubation 1–2 mg/kg IV Monitor BP & RR
Ketamine Sedation / induction 1–2 mg/kg IV Can maintain airway reflexes

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3. Sepsis / Infection / Antibiotics

Drug Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Ceftriaxone Severe sepsis 2 g IV q24h Adjust renal function

Piperacillin-Tazobactam Nosocomial infections 4.5 g IV q6–8h Renal
monitoring
Vancomycin MRSA / Gram-positive 15 mg/kg IV q12h Monitor trough levels
Meropenem Severe Gram-negative 1 g IV q8h Renal adjustment
Metronidazole Anaerobic infection 500 mg IV q8h Liver monitoring
Fluconazole Fungal sepsis 400 mg IV OD Renal adjustment
Amphotericin B Severe fungal infection 0.5–1 mg/kg IV OD Pre-hydration,
monitor K+, renal

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4. CNS / Neurology / Sedation

Drug Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Lorazepam Status epilepticus 4 mg IV, repeat 4 mg after 10–15 min Airway ready
Midazolam Sedation / seizure 0.05–0.1 mg/kg IV bolus Continuous monitoring
Phenytoin Status epilepticus 15–20 mg/kg IV loading Infuse slowly, monitor ECG
Levetiracetam Seizures 1–2 g IV loading Adjust renal dose
Mannitol Raised ICP 0.5–1 g/kg IV over 15–30 min Monitor osmolarity &
electrolytes
Dexamethasone Cerebral edema 10 mg IV, then 4 mg q6h Monitor glucose
Sodium valproate Seizures 20 mg/kg IV loading Liver monitoring
Propofol Sedation / seizure control 1–2 mg/kg IV bolus Monitor BP, RR

5. Metabolic / Endocrine / Electrolytes

Drug Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Insulin IV infusion DKA / HHS 0.1 units/kg/h Monitor glucose & K⁺ hourly
Dextrose 25–50% Hypoglycemia 25–50 mL IV Recheck blood sugar frequently
Potassium chloride Hypokalemia 20–40 mEq IV over 1–2h ECG & serum K⁺
monitoring
Calcium gluconate Hyperkalemia / Hypocalcemia 10 mL 10% IV Monitor ECG
Sodium bicarbonate Metabolic acidosis 1–2 mEq/kg IV Monitor ABG
Magnesium sulfate Hypomagnesemia 1–2 g IV over 15–30 min Monitor reflexes,
ECG
Phosphate (KPhos / NaPhos) Hypophosphatemia 15–30 mmol IV Monitor
phosphate, Ca²⁺
Hydrocortisone Adrenal crisis 100 mg IV q8h Monitor BP, glucose
Dexamethasone Cerebral edema / shock 4–10 mg IV q6h Monitor glucose
Levothyroxine IV Myxedema coma 200–500 mcg IV loading ICU monitoring,
cardiac precautions

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6. Analgesia / Sedation / Pain

Drug Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Morphine Severe pain, dyspnea 2–5 mg IV slow Monitor BP, RR, sedation
Fentanyl Severe pain / sedation 25–100 mcg IV Respiratory depression
risk
Paracetamol Mild/moderate pain 1 g IV/PO q6–8h Max 4 g/day, liver function
Midazolam Sedation 0.05–0.1 mg/kg IV bolus Continuous monitoring, airway
ready
Propofol Sedation / intubation 1–2 mg/kg IV Monitor BP & RR
Dexmedetomidine Sedation 0.2–0.7 mcg/kg/h IV infusion Bradycardia risk
Ketamine Analgesia / sedation 0.5–1 mg/kg IV bolus Maintains airway reflexes
Nalbuphine Pain / ICU sedation 10 mg IV q4–6h Monitor sedation, respiratory
depression
Tramadol Moderate pain 50–100 mg IV q6–8h Avoid in renal failure, monitor
CNS
Gabapentin Neuropathic pain 300–600 mg PO/NG q8–12h Dose adjust renal
impairment

7. Renal / Fluids / Dialysis Support

Drug / Fluid Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl) Hypovolemia, shock500–1000 mL IV bolus, then titrate
Monitor BP, urine output
Ringer’s Lactate Hypovolemia, burns 500–1000 mL IV bolus Avoid in
hyperkalemia
5% Dextrose Maintenance / hypoglycemia 50–100 mL/h IV Monitor glucose
10% Dextrose Hypoglycemia 100–200 mL IV Check sugar frequently
Albumin 5% Hypoalbuminemia, shock 100 mL IV over 30–60 min Monitor BP
Mannitol Cerebral edema, AKI prevention 0.5–1 g/kg IV over 15–30 min
Monitor osmolarity & urine output
Furosemide Fluid overload 20–40 mg IV Monitor electrolytes, urine output Dopamine
(renal dose) Oliguria / AKI 2–5 mcg/kg/min IV infusion Titrate to urine output
Sodium bicarbonate Metabolic acidosis in AKI 1–2 mEq/kg IV Monitor ABG Dialysis /
CRRT Severe AKI, fluid overload According to nephrology ICU monitoring required

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8. Gastrointestinal / Nausea / GI Bleed

Drug Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Pantoprazole Stress ulcer / GI bleed 80 mg IV bolus → 8 mg/h infusion Monitor

gastric pH if needed
Esomeprazole Stress ulcer prophylaxis 80 mg IV bolus → 8 mg/h infusion ICU
monitoring
Ranitidine Stress ulcer prophylaxis 50 mg IV q8h Use if PPI contraindicated
Ondansetron Nausea / vomiting 4–8 mg IV q8h Avoid QT prolongation
Metoclopramide Nausea / delayed gastric emptying 10 mg IV q8h
Extrapyramidal effects possible
Domperidone Nausea / vomiting 10 mg PO/NG q8h QT prolongation caution
Octreotide Variceal bleed 50 mcg IV bolus → 50 mcg/h infusion Monitor BP &
glucose
Terlipressin Variceal bleed 1–2 mg IV q4–6h Monitor BP, ECG
Lactulose Hepatic encephalopathy 30–60 mL PO/NG q6–8h Monitor bowel
movements & ammonia
N-acetylcysteine Paracetamol overdose 150 mg/kg IV over 1h → 50 mg/kg over
4h → 100 mg/kg over 16h Monitor LFTs, anaphylactoid reactions

9. Hematology / Coagulopathy / Transfusion

Drug / Product Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) Coagulopathy / bleeding 15–20 mL/kg IV Monitor

coagulation profile
Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC) Severe anemia / hemorrhage 1 unit over 2–4 h
Monitor Hb/Hct, vitals
Platelet Concentrate Thrombocytopenia / bleeding 1 unit/10 kg IV Monitor
platelet count
Vitamin K (Phytonadione) Warfarin reversal / coagulopathy 5–10 mg IV/SC
Monitor INR
Tranexamic Acid Trauma / bleeding 1 g IV over 10 min → 1 g over 8 h Watch for
thrombosis
Heparin DVT prophylaxis / ACS 5000 units SC q8–12h Monitor aPTT
Enoxaparin DVT / PE prophylaxis 40 mg SC OD Adjust in renal impairment Protamine
Heparin reversal 1 mg IV per 100 units heparin Monitor BP & coagulation
Fresh Whole Blood Massive hemorrhage As per transfusion protocol ICU
monitoring mandatory
Fibrinogen concentrate Bleeding with low fibrinogen 30–60 mg/kg IV
Monitor coagulation

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10. Emergency Misc / Antidotes / Toxicology

Drug Indication Adult Dose / Route ICU Notes

Naloxone Opioid overdose 0.4–2 mg IV/IM q2–3 min Repeat if needed, monitor
RR
Flumazenil Benzodiazepine overdose 0.2 mg IV over 15 sec → max 1 mg Risk of
seizures
N-acetylcysteine Paracetamol poisoning 150 mg/kg IV over 1 h → 50 mg/kg over 4
h → 100 mg/kg over 16 h Monitor LFTs, anaphylactoid reactions
Atropine Organophosphate poisoning 2 mg IV q5–15 min Titrate to dryness of
secretions
Pralidoxime (2-PAM) Organophosphate poisoning 1–2 g IV over 15–30 min
Combine with atropine
Calcium gluconate Hyperkalemia / Magnesium toxicity 10 mL 10% IV ECG monitoring
Sodium bicarbonate TCA / acidosis 1–2 mEq/kg IV ECG & ABG monitoring
Digoxin Fab Digoxin toxicity 10–20 vials IV (weight/dose based) Monitor ECG
& K⁺
Deferoxamine Iron overdose 15 mg/kg/h IV Monitor renal function
Activated Charcoal Poisoning / overdose 1 g/kg PO/NGBest within 1–2 h of
ingestion

OPD Prescription based handbook diagnosis:

Section 1: General / Fever / Pain / Infection

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Fever Viral fever Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN, max
3g/day Hydrate, rest, monitor temperature
Fever Malaria suspected Artemether-Lumefantrine Coartem / ALu 4 tablets BD for 3
days Confirm with blood test
Fever Dengue suspected Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H PRN Avoid
NSAIDs, monitor platelets
Fever Typhoid suspected Cefixime Suprax / Cefspan 200 mg BD for 7–10 days
Confirm Widal / blood culture
Fever with cough Viral upper respiratory infection Dextromethorphan Benylin DM /
Tixylix 5–10 ml TDS Hydrate, steam inhalation
Cough (productive) Bronchitis Ambroxol Mucosolvan / Ambroxol 15 mg TDS
Hydrate, monitor sputum color
Sore throat Pharyngitis Benzydamine mouthwash Difflam 15 ml gargle 3–4 times/day
Avoid spicy / hot foods
Headache Tension headache Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H
PRN Stress management, hydration
Headache Migraine Sumatriptan Imigran / Sumigra 50–100 mg PRN Avoid triggers, take
early
Pain Mild musculoskeletal pain Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H
PRN Gentle movement, heat therapy
Pain Moderate pain Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after food
Monitor GI side effects
Pain Muscle / joint pain Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply 2–3 times/day
Avoid on broken skin
Fatigue General / viral Multivitamins Becadexamin / Nutrilite 1 OD
Hydrate, rest, balanced diet
Body ache Viral illness Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN
Rest, hydration
Fever with body ache Influenza Paracetamol + Ibuprofen Crocin + Brufen
Paracetamol 500 mg Q6H + Ibuprofen 400 mg TDS PRN Monitor temperature, hydration
Sore throat with mild fever Viral pharyngitis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Gargle with warm salt water
Fever with rash Viral exanthem Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Monitor for complications, hydrate
Fever with chills Malaria / Bacterial infection Artemether-Lumefantrine / Ciprofloxacin
Coartem / Cifran AL: 4 tabs BD x3d / Cipro: 500 mg BD x5d Confirm diagnosis
with labs
Painful joints Arthritis flare Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after food
Apply local heat if needed
Mild fever with malaise Viral infection Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Fever with headache Viral infection Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol

500–650 mg Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with vomiting Gastroenteritis ORS Electral / Hydralyte As per requirement
Maintain hydration, small frequent meals
Fever with diarrhea Gastroenteritis ORS + Zinc Electral + Zincovit ORS as
needed, Zinc 10 mg/day Hydrate, avoid dairy initially
Fever with abdominal pain Typhoid suspected Cefixime Suprax / Cefspan 200
mg BD x7–10 days Confirm Widal / blood culture
Fever with cough & sputum Acute bronchitis Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Augmentin / Clavam 625 mg BD x5–7 days Hydrate, monitor sputum color Fever
with urinary symptoms UTI Ciprofloxacin Cifran / Ciplox 500 mg BD x5
days Confirm urine culture if recurrent
Low-grade fever Viral infection Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Hydrate, rest
Body ache Viral fever Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN
Gentle movement, rest
Myalgia Influenza Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after food
Hydrate, avoid NSAIDs if stomach upset
Mild fever Dengue suspected Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H PRN
Avoid NSAIDs, monitor platelets
Fever with chills Malaria suspected Artemether-Lumefantrine Coartem / ALu
4 tabs BD x3 days Confirm with blood smear
Headache with fever Meningitis suspected Ceftriaxone Rocephin 1 g IV BD
Urgent referral, hospitalization
Fever with sore throat Viral pharyngitis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Warm salt gargle
Fever with ear pain Otitis media Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5–7 days
Avoid water in ear, monitor for discharge
Mild fever with malaise Viral illness Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with rash Viral exanthem Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Monitor for complications
Painful throat Tonsillitis Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5–7 days Gargle
with warm water, avoid irritants
Painful joints Viral arthralgia Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H
PRN Rest, hydration
Fever with muscle pain Influenza Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS
after food Hydrate, rest
Fever with fatigue Viral illness Multivitamins Becadexamin / Nutrilite 1 OD
Hydrate, balanced diet
Mild headache Tension-type Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H PRN
Stress management, hydration
Fever with nausea Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4 mg 4 mg
TDS PRN Small frequent meals
Painful muscles Myalgia Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after
food Apply warm compress
Fever with dehydration Viral gastroenteritis ORS Electral / Hydralyte As needed
Hydrate, small meals
Fever with skin rash Measles suspected Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Monitor for complications
Fever with fatigue Viral infection Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with headache & malaise Influenza Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Rest, hydration
Fever with body ache Dengue suspected Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Monitor platelets, avoid NSAIDs
Mild fever with cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benylin DM / Tixylix 5–10 ml
TDS Steam inhalation
Fever with ear discharge Acute otitis media Amoxicillin-clavulanate Augmentin /
Clavam 625 mg BD x5–7 days Keep ear dry
Fever with sore throat & fatigue Viral infection Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol
500 mg Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with joint pain Chikungunya suspected Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with vomiting & diarrhea Gastroenteritis ORS + Zinc Electral + Zincovit
ORS as needed, Zinc 10 mg/day Hydrate, avoid fatty foods
Fever with mild cough Viral URTI Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Hydrate, monitor symptoms
Fever with fatigue Viral infection Multivitamins Becadexamin / Nutrilite 1 OD
Rest, hydration
Mild generalized pain Viral illness Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg
Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with sore throat & headache Viral pharyngitis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol
500 mg Q6H PRN Gargle warm salt water
Painful joints Viral arthralgia Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after
food Hydrate, rest
Fever with chills Malaria suspected Artemether-Lumefantrine Coartem / ALu
4 tabs BD x3 days Confirm with blood smear
Fever with body aches Influenza Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS
after food Hydrate, rest
Fever with mild dehydration Gastroenteritis ORS Electral / Hydralyte As
needed Hydrate frequently
Mild headache Viral illness Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H PRN
Rest, hydration
Fever with cough & fatigue Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benylin DM / Tixylix 5–10 ml
TDS Hydrate, monitor symptoms
Mild generalized pain Viral illness Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg
Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with sore throat Tonsillitis Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5–7
days Warm salt gargle
Mild fever with fatigue Viral illness Multivitamins Becadexamin / Nutrilite 1 OD
Hydrate, rest
Fever with headache Viral infection Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol
500–650 mg Q6H PRN Rest, hydration
Mild pain Musculoskeletal Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply 2–3
times/day Avoid broken skin
Fever with nausea Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4 mg 4 mg
TDS PRN Small frequent meals
Fever with rash Measles / viral exanthem Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Monitor for complications

Mild fever with body ache Viral fever Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg
Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with joint pain Chikungunya suspected Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with vomiting Gastroenteritis ORS Electral / Hydralyte As needed
Frequent small sips, avoid fatty foods
Fever with diarrhea Gastroenteritis ORS + Zinc Electral + Zincovit ORS as
needed, Zinc 10 mg/day Hydrate, avoid junk food
Fever with mild cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benylin DM / Tixylix 5–10 ml
TDS Steam inhalation, hydration
Fever with sore throat Pharyngitis Benzydamine mouthwash Difflam 15 ml
gargle 3–4 times/day Avoid irritants, warm salt gargle
Mild generalized pain Musculoskeletal pain Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol
500–650 mg Q6H PRN Gentle movement, rest
Painful muscles Myalgia Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after
food Apply warm compress
Painful joints Viral arthralgia Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after
food Hydrate, rest
Mild fever with fatigue Viral illness Multivitamins Becadexamin / Nutrilite 1 OD
Hydrate, rest
Fever with rash Viral exanthem Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Monitor for complications
Fever with ear pain Otitis media Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5–7 days
Keep ear dry, follow-up
Fever with urinary symptoms UTI
Ciprofloxacin Cifran / Ciplox 500 mg BD x5 days Confirm urine culture if
recurrent
Mild fever Viral infection Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H PRN
Hydrate, rest
Fever with body aches Influenza Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS
after food Hydrate, rest
Fever with chills Malaria suspected Artemether-Lumefantrine Coartem / ALu
4 tabs BD x3 days Confirm with blood smear
Fever with headache & malaise Influenza Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Mild fever with cough Viral URTI Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Hydrate, monitor symptoms
Fever with nausea Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4 mg 4 mg
TDS PRN Small frequent meals
Mild headache Tension-type Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H PRN
Rest, hydration
Painful throat Tonsillitis Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5–7 days Gargle
with warm salt water
Mild generalized body ache Viral fever Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg
Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with dehydration Gastroenteritis ORS Electral / Hydralyte As needed
Frequent sips, avoid soda
Fever with rash Measles suspected Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Monitor for complications
Fever with fatigue Viral illness Multivitamins Becadexamin / Nutrilite 1 OD
Hydrate, rest
Fever with sore throat & headache Viral pharyngitis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol
500 mg Q6H PRN Gargle warm salt water
Fever with body aches Dengue suspected Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Monitor platelets, avoid NSAIDs
Mild fever with malaise Viral infection Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500
mg Q6H PRN Hydrate, rest
Fever with mild cough & sore throat Viral URTI Dextromethorphan + Paracetamol
Benylin DM + Crocin 5–10 ml TDS + 500 mg Q6H PRN Hydrate, steam inhalation
Mild pain Musculoskeletal / joint pain Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply
2–3 times/day Avoid broken skin

Section 2: Gastrointestinal / Liver / Pancreas

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Heartburn / Acid reflux GERD / Dyspepsia Pantoprazole Pantocid / Pantosec 40 mg

OD before breakfast Avoid spicy/fatty food, small meals
Indigestion / Dyspepsia Functional dyspepsia Domperidone Domstal / Motilium
10 mg TDS 30 min before food Avoid heavy meals, hydrate
Nausea / Vomiting Viral gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4 mg 4 mg
TDS PRN Small frequent meals, hydrate
Constipation Functional constipation Lactulose Duphalac 15–30 ml OD/BD
Increase fiber, fluids
Diarrhea (mild, watery) Acute gastroenteritis ORS Electral / Hydralyte As
required Hydrate, avoid fatty foods
Diarrhea (bacterial) Bacterial gastroenteritis Ciprofloxacin Cifran / Ciplox 500
mg BD x5 days Confirm stool culture if recurrent
Abdominal pain IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Avoid triggers, small meals
Acid reflux with regurgitation GERD Ranitidine Rantac / Zantac 150 mg BD
before food Avoid late-night meals
Gastric ulcer Peptic ulcer Omeprazole Omez / Omez D 20 mg OD before breakfast
Avoid NSAIDs, spicy foods
Vomiting with dehydration Gastroenteritis ORS + Zinc Electral + Zincovit ORS
as needed, Zinc 10 mg/day Frequent sips, avoid soda
Abdominal bloating IBS Simethicone Gelusil / Infacol gas- 1–2 tsp after meals Avoid
producing foods
Chronic constipation Chronic functional constipation Psyllium husk
Isabgol 1–2 tsp BD Increase fiber, hydrate
Diarrhea with blood Dysentery suspected Metronidazole Flagyl / Metrogyl
400 mg TDS x5–7 days Stool culture, hydrate
Abdominal cramps IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Identify triggers
Chronic abdominal pain Peptic ulcer / gastritis Pantoprazole Pantocid / Pantosec
40 mg OD before breakfast Avoid NSAIDs
Right upper quadrant pain Gallstones Ursodeoxycholic acid Urso / Ursofalk
300 mg BD Low-fat diet, refer if severe
Nausea with fatty food Gallbladder disease Domperidone Domstal / Motilium 10 mg
TDS Avoid fatty meals
Vomiting with headache Gastritis Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4 mg 4 mg
TDS PRN Hydrate, avoid irritants
Abdominal pain with diarrhea Gastroenteritis ORS + Ciprofloxacin Electral +
Cifran ORS as needed, 500 mg BD x5d Hydrate, monitor symptoms
Bloating with diarrhea IBS-D Loperamide Imodium 2 mg after each loose
stool, max 8 mg/day Avoid triggers
Chronic diarrhea Chronic infection / IBD Metronidazole Flagyl / Metrogyl
400 mg TDS x5–7 days Stool culture advised
Upper abdominal discomfort Gastritis Omeprazole Omez / Omez D 20 mg
OD Avoid spicy, alcohol
Vomiting with abdominal pain Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4
mg 4 mg TDS PRN Hydrate, small frequent meals
Constipation with straining Hemorrhoids Lactulose Duphalac 15–30 ml OD/BD
Increase fiber, hydration
Acid reflux with heartburn GERD Rabeprazole AcipHex / Pariet 20 mg OD before
breakfast Avoid late meals, spicy food
Upper abdominal pain Gastric ulcer Omeprazole + Domperidone Omez +
Domstal 20 mg + 10 mg BD x2 weeks Avoid NSAIDs, monitor symptoms
Chronic bloating IBS Simethicone Gelusil / Infacol 1–2 tsp after meals Avoid
gas-producing foods
Vomiting with dehydration Gastroenteritis ORS Electral / Hydralyte As required
Frequent small sips
Acute diarrhea Gastroenteritis Loperamide Imodium 2 mg after each
loose stool Hydrate, avoid fatty food
Chronic diarrhea IBS-D Loperamide Imodium 2 mg after each loose stool
Identify triggers
Abdominal pain after meals Gastritis Pantoprazole Pantocid / Pantosec 40 mg OD
Avoid spicy food, small meals
Nausea with headache Viral gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4 mg
4 mg TDS PRN Hydrate, rest
Pain with bloating IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Avoid trigger foods
Constipation with hemorrhoids Functional constipation Lactulose Duphalac
15–30 ml OD/BD Increase fiber, hydrate
Abdominal cramping IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10–20 mg
TDS PRN Monitor triggers
Nausea with vomiting Gastritis / viral Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4 mg
4 mg TDS PRN Small meals, hydrate
Diarrhea with dehydration Acute gastroenteritis ORS + Zinc Electral + Zincovit
ORS as required, Zinc 10 mg/day Hydrate frequently
Vomiting with abdominal discomfort Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem /
Ondem 4 mg 4 mg TDS PRN Small frequent meals
Acid reflux with nausea GERD Pantoprazole Pantocid / Pantosec 40 mg OD Avoid
late meals, spicy/fatty food
Chronic abdominal pain IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10–20 mg
TDS PRN Identify triggers, avoid stress
Abdominal bloating Functional dyspepsia Simethicone Gelusil / Infacol 1–2 tsp after
meals Avoid gas-producing food
Upper abdominal pain Gastritis Omeprazole Omez / Omez D 20 mg OD
Avoid NSAIDs, spicy food
Vomiting with diarrhea Gastroenteritis ORS Electral / Hydralyte As needed
Frequent sips, small meals
Pain after meals Peptic ulcer Omeprazole + Domperidone Omez + Domstal
20 mg + 10 mg BD x2 weeks Avoid NSAIDs, alcohol
Nausea with bloating Gastritis / dyspepsia Domperidone Domstal / Motilium 10 mg
TDS Small frequent meals
Abdominal pain with constipation IBS-C Lactulose Duphalac 15–30 ml OD/BD
Increase fiber, hydration
Bloating with constipation IBS-C Psyllium husk Isabgol 1–2 tsp BD
Hydrate, dietary fiber
Vomiting with mild fever Viral gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Ondem 4 mg
4 mg TDS PRN Hydrate, small meals

Section 3: Cardiovascular / Hypertension / Edema

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Mild hypertension Essential hypertension Amlodipine Amlopres / Amlodac 5–10

mg OD Monitor BP, reduce salt intake
Hypertension with tachycardia Essential hypertension Metoprolol Betaloc /
Metocard 25–50 mg BD Monitor pulse and BP
Swelling of lower limbs Edema / Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD
Monitor urine output, check electrolytes
Palpitations Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Metocard 25–50 mg BD ECG if
persistent
Tachycardia Hyperthyroidism / Anxiety Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD Check BP,
thyroid function
Chest discomfort on exertion Angina Nitroglycerin Glytrin / Nitromint
0.3–0.6 mg SL PRN Sit down while taking, call emergency if persistent
Chest pain at rest Acute coronary syndrome suspected Aspirin Ecosprin
75–150 mg OD Urgent referral, hospitalisation
Shortness of breath on exertion Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate
legs, monitor weight
Swelling around eyes / face Nephrotic syndrome Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD
Monitor urine output
Dyspnea with fatigue Chronic heart failure Carvedilol Coreg / Carvedil
3.125–12.5 mg BD Titrate slowly, monitor BP
Mild hypertension with anxiety Essential hypertension Amlodipine + Metoprolol
Amlopres + Betaloc 5 mg + 25 mg OD Lifestyle modification, monitor BP
High BP in elderly Isolated systolic hypertension Amlodipine Amlopres / Amlodac
5–10 mg OD Monitor BP, avoid NSAIDs
Sudden palpitations Supraventricular tachycardia Metoprolol Betaloc / Metocard
25–50 mg BD ECG required
Fatigue with edema Chronic heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Monitor weight,
low-salt diet
Swelling in legs with SOB Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate legs,
monitor electrolytes
Mild tachycardia Anxiety / Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD
Monitor pulse and BP
Dizziness on standing Postural hypotension Fludrocortisone Florinef
0.1 mg OD Hydrate, rise slowly
Palpitations with anxiety Anxiety-induced Propranolol Inderal 10–20 mg BD
Avoid caffeine, monitor pulse
Swelling after prolonged standing Chronic venous insufficiency Compression
stockings N/A Daily use Elevate legs periodically
Shortness of breath at night Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Sleep
with head elevated
Chest tightness Angina Nitroglycerin Glytrin / Nitromint 0.3–0.6 mg SL PRN
Sit down, avoid exertion
Hypertension with proteinuria CKD Amlodipine Amlopres / Amlodac 5–10 mg OD
Monitor renal function
Edema with weight gain Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Daily weight
monitoring
Mild hypertension with diabetes Essential hypertension Amlodipine Amlopres /
Amlodac 5–10 mg OD Lifestyle modifications, monitor sugar
Palpitations with dizziness Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Metocard 25–50 mg BD
ECG recommended
Swelling in ankles Chronic venous insufficiency Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD
Elevate legs, avoid prolonged standing
Sudden chest pain Acute coronary syndrome suspected Aspirin + Nitroglycerin
Ecosprin + Glytrin 75 mg + 0.3–0.6 mg SL Urgent hospital referral
Fatigue with palpitations Anemia + arrhythmia Iron + Metoprolol Ferrous
sulfate + Betaloc 100 mg OD + 25–50 mg BD Check CBC, ECG
Mild dizziness Postural hypotension Fludrocortisone Florinef 0.1 mg
OD Hydrate, stand slowly
Hypertension with proteinuria CKD Amlodipine + Losartan Amlopres + Losar
5 mg + 50 mg OD Monitor renal function and BP
Shortness of breath on exertion Chronic heart failure Carvedilol Coreg / Carvedil
3.125–12.5 mg BD Gradual dose titration
Swelling of lower limbs Edema due to hypoalbuminemia Furosemide Lasix 20–40
mg OD Monitor electrolytes
Palpitations Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Metocard 25–50 mg BD ECG
recommended
Mild hypertension Essential hypertension Amlodipine Amlopres / Amlodac 5–10
mg OD Lifestyle modifications, monitor BP
Edema with fatigue Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Monitor weight and
electrolytes
Dizziness with palpitations Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Metocard 25–50 mg BD
ECG recommended
Shortness of breath at night Chronic heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD
Elevate head while sleeping
Chest tightness on exertion Angina Nitroglycerin Glytrin / Nitromint
0.3–0.6 mg SL PRN Rest, call emergency if persistent
Hypertension with diabetes Essential hypertension Amlodipine Amlopres / Amlodac
5–10 mg OD Monitor BP and blood sugar
Palpitations with anxiety Anxiety-induced Propranolol Inderal 10–20 mg BD Avoid
caffeine
Edema with leg heaviness Chronic venous insufficiency Compression stockings
N/A Daily Elevate legs periodically
Fatigue with ankle swelling Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Daily weight
monitoring
Hypertension with proteinuria CKD Losartan Losar / Arbes 50 mg OD
Monitor renal function and BP
Palpitations Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Metocard 25–50 mg BD ECG
recommended
Swelling in legs Edema Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Monitor electrolytes
Dizziness on standing Postural hypotension Fludrocortisone Florinef
0.1 mg OD Hydrate, rise slowly
Section 4: Musculoskeletal / Rheumatology / Neuro

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Low back pain Lumbar strain / sprain Diclofenac Voltaren / Diclomax 50 mg

TDS / gel 2–3x/day Rest, gentle stretching
Neck pain Cervical strain Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after
food Posture correction, heat therapy
Joint pain Osteoarthritis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H
PRN Low-impact exercise, weight management
Swollen joint Gout flare Colchicine Colchicine / Colchrys 0.5–1 mg BD Avoid
purine-rich food
Muscle cramps Electrolyte imbalance Magnesium + Calcium Magnesol /
Calcim 1 tablet OD Hydrate, stretch muscles
Shoulder pain Rotator cuff tendinitis Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400
mg TDS Rest, physiotherapy
Knee pain Osteoarthritis Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply
2–3x/day Avoid strain, knee supports
Painful joints Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate Otrexup / Metrex 7.5–15 mg weekly
Monitor CBC, LFTs
Hand pain Carpal tunnel syndrome NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400 mg TDS
after food Wrist splint, ergonomic advice
Numbness in limbs Peripheral neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg
HS Monitor for sedation
Tingling fingers Peripheral neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg
HS Avoid prolonged pressure on nerves
Sciatica Lumbar disc prolapse NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400 mg TDS
after food Stretching, avoid heavy lifting
Back stiffness Spondylosis Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply
2–3x/day Posture exercises, physiotherapy
Knee swelling Osteoarthritis flare Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS
after food Rest, cold compress
Muscle ache Viral myalgia Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN Hydrate,
rest
Painful neck Cervical spondylosis Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply
2–3x/day Posture correction, physiotherapy
Joint stiffness Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate Otrexup / Metrex 7.5–15 mg
weekly Monitor CBC, LFTs
Hand numbness Carpal tunnel syndrome Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg
HS Wrist splint, ergonomic advice
Muscle pain Fibromyalgia Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN
Gentle exercise, rest
Low back pain radiating to leg Sciatica NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400
mg TDS Stretching, avoid heavy lifting
Shoulder stiffness Frozen shoulder NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400 mg TDS
Physiotherapy exercises
Knee pain with swelling Osteoarthritis Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax
Apply 2–3x/day Avoid strain, knee support
Neck stiffness Cervical spondylosis Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax
Apply 2–3x/day Posture correction, physiotherapy
Muscle cramps Electrolyte imbalance Magnesium + Calcium Magnesol /
Calcim 1 tablet OD Hydrate, stretch muscles
Painful joints Gout Colchicine Colchicine / Colchrys 0.5–1 mg BD Avoid purine-
rich food
Foot pain Plantar fasciitis NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400 mg TDS Foot
exercises, proper shoes
Wrist pain Tendinitis NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400 mg TDS Wrist rest,
splint
Leg pain Peripheral neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg HS
Monitor for sedation
Tingling toes Peripheral neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg HS
Avoid prolonged pressure
Back pain Lumbar strain Diclofenac Voltaren / Diclomax 50 mg TDS / gel
2–3x/day Rest, gentle stretching
Shoulder pain Rotator cuff tendinitis Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400
mg TDS Physiotherapy, rest
Knee pain Osteoarthritis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H
PRN Low-impact exercises
Painful joints Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate Otrexup / Metrex 7.5–15 mg weekly
Monitor labs, follow-up
Back stiffness Spondylosis Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply
2–3x/day Posture correction, physiotherapy
Muscle ache Viral myalgia Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN Hydrate,
rest
Joint stiffness Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate Otrexup / Metrex 7.5–15 mg
weekly Monitor CBC, LFTs
Neck pain Cervical strain Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS after
food Posture correction, heat therapy
Low back pain Lumbar strain Diclofenac Voltaren / Diclomax 50 mg TDS /
gel 2–3x/day Gentle stretching, rest
Shoulder pain Rotator cuff injury Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply
2–3x/day Physiotherapy, rest
Muscle cramps Electrolyte imbalance Magnesium + Calcium Magnesol /
Calcim 1 tablet OD Hydrate, stretch muscles
Foot pain Plantar fasciitis NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400 mg TDS Proper
footwear, stretching
Wrist pain Tendinitis NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400 mg TDS Rest wrist,
use splint
Tingling in limbs Peripheral neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg
HS Avoid prolonged pressure
Back pain radiating to leg Sciatica NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Brufen 400 mg TDS
Stretching, avoid lifting
Knee swelling Osteoarthritis flare Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax Apply
2–3x/day Rest, knee support
Painful joints Gout flare Colchicine Colchicine / Colchrys 0.5–1 mg BD Avoid
purine-rich food
Muscle pain Fibromyalgia Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN
Gentle exercise, rest
Neck stiffness Cervical spondylosis Diclofenac gel Voltaren / Diclomax
Apply 2–3x/day Posture correction, physiotherapy
Low back pain Lumbar strain Diclofenac Voltaren / Diclomax 50 mg TDS /
gel 2–3x/day Rest, gentle stretching

Section 5: ENT / Eye / Dental

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Sore throat Viral pharyngitis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H PRN
Gargle warm salt water, hydrate
Sore throat with pus Bacterial tonsillitis Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5–7
days Hydrate, warm gargles
Nasal congestion Allergic rhinitis Levocetirizine Cetzine / Xyzal 5 mg
OD Avoid allergens, steam inhalation
Runny nose Viral cold Chlorpheniramine Cetzine / Allegra 4 mg BD
Hydrate, rest
Ear pain Otitis media Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5–7 days Keep
ear dry
Ear discharge Otitis externa Ciprofloxacin ear drops Cifran Otic 3–4 drops
TDS Keep ear dry, avoid swimming
Hearing loss Otitis media / wax impaction Carbamide peroxide drops Debrox
5–10 drops BD Avoid inserting objects
Tinnitus Sensorineural Betahistine Serc 8 mg TDS Avoid loud noise
Vertigo BPPV Betahistine Serc 8 mg TDS Vestibular exercises
Ear fullness Eustachian tube dysfunction Fluticasone nasal spray Flixonase
1 spray each nostril OD Avoid nose blowing
Sneezing Allergic rhinitis Levocetirizine Cetzine / Xyzal 5 mg OD
Avoid allergens
Blocked nose Sinusitis Amoxicillin-clavulanate Augmentin / Clavam 625 mg BD
x5–7 days Steam inhalation
Eye redness Conjunctivitis Olopatadine eye drops Pataday / Opatanol 1 drop
BD Avoid rubbing eyes
Itchy eyes Allergic conjunctivitis Ketotifen eye drops Zaditen 1 drop BD
Avoid allergens, cold compress
Eye pain Bacterial conjunctivitis Moxifloxacin eye drops Vigamox 1 drop
TDS Avoid touching eyes
Tearing eyes Viral conjunctivitis Artificial tears Refresh / Tears Naturale 1–2 drops
QID Hygiene, avoid sharing towels
Toothache Dental caries Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN
Visit dentist, maintain oral hygiene
Tooth sensitivity Gingivitis / enamel erosion Sensodyne toothpaste Sensodyne
Brush BID Avoid cold/hot triggers
Gum swelling Gingivitis Chlorhexidine mouthwash Hexidine 15 ml BD Oral
hygiene, rinse
Halitosis Poor oral hygiene Chlorhexidine mouthwash Hexidine 15 ml BD
Brush twice daily, floss
Ear itching Otitis externa Ciprofloxacin ear drops Cifran Otic 3–4 drops TDS
Keep ear dry
Ringing in ears Tinnitus Betahistine Serc 8 mg TDS Avoid loud noise
Dizziness Vertigo Betahistine Serc 8 mg TDS Vestibular exercises
Nasal discharge Sinusitis Amoxicillin-clavulanate Augmentin / Clavam 625
mg BD x5–7 days Steam inhalation
Postnasal drip Allergic rhinitis Fluticasone nasal spray Flixonase 1
spray each nostril OD Avoid allergens
Eye discharge Bacterial conjunctivitis Moxifloxacin eye drops Vigamox
1 drop TDS Avoid touching eyes
Red itchy eyes Allergic conjunctivitis Ketotifen eye drops Zaditen 1 drop
BD Avoid rubbing eyes
Eye irritation Dry eye Artificial tears Refresh / Tears Naturale 1–2 drops
QID Avoid screen strain
Sore throat with mild fever Pharyngitis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Gargle warm salt water
Ear pain with fever Otitis media Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5–7 days
Keep ear dry, monitor fever
Nasal obstruction Deviated septum / allergic rhinitis Levocetirizine Cetzine /
Xyzal 5 mg OD Avoid allergens, saline spray
Nosebleed Epistaxis Oxymetazoline nasal drops Nasivion 1–2 drops BD Apply
pressure, avoid trauma
Ear fullness Wax impaction Carbamide peroxide drops Debrox 5–10 drops
BD Avoid inserting objects
Ringing ears Tinnitus Betahistine Serc 8 mg TDS Avoid loud noise Vertigo with
nausea BPPV / vestibular Betahistine Serc 8 mg TDS Vestibular exercises
Eye redness with discharge Bacterial conjunctivitis Moxifloxacin eye drops
Vigamox 1 drop TDS Hygiene, avoid touching eyes
Eye itching with watering Allergic conjunctivitis Ketotifen eye drops Zaditen
1 drop BD Avoid allergens
Tooth pain Dental caries Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN
Visit dentist
Gum bleeding Gingivitis Chlorhexidine mouthwash Hexidine 15 ml BD
Oral hygiene, brush/floss
Bad breath Poor oral hygiene Chlorhexidine mouthwash Hexidine 15 ml BD
Brush, floss, hydrate
Sore throat Viral pharyngitis Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H PRN
Gargle, hydrate
Nose blockage Sinusitis Amoxicillin-clavulanate Augmentin / Clavam 625
mg BD x5–7 days Steam inhalation
Ear pain with discharge Otitis externa Ciprofloxacin ear drops Cifran Otic 3–4
drops TDS Keep ear dry
Red itchy eyes Allergic conjunctivitis Ketotifen eye drops Zaditen 1 drop
BD Cold compress
Tearing with redness Viral conjunctivitis Artificial tears Refresh / Tears
Naturale 1–2 drops QID Hygiene, avoid rubbing eyes
Tooth sensitivity Enamel erosion Sensodyne toothpaste Sensodyne Brush
BID Avoid cold/hot triggers
Jaw pain TMJ disorder Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS Soft diet, jaw
exercises
Toothache Dental caries Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg Q6H PRN
Visit dentist

Section 6: Respiratory / Asthma / COPD

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice
Cough (dry) Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benylin DM / Tixylix 5–10 ml TDS
Hydrate, steam inhalation
Cough (productive) Bronchitis Ambroxol syrup Mucosolvan 30 ml BD
Hydrate, avoid smoking
Shortness of breath Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Use spacer, avoid triggers
Wheezing Asthma Budesonide inhaler Pulmicort / Budicort 1–2 puffs BD
Inhaler technique, avoid allergens
Chronic cough COPD Tiotropium inhaler Spiriva 1 inhalation OD
Smoking cessation
Breathlessness on exertion COPD Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Pulmonary rehab, avoid smoke
Cough with fever Pneumonia Amoxicillin-clavulanate Augmentin / Clavam 625
mg BD x5–7 days Hydrate, monitor symptoms
Cough with wheeze Asthma exacerbation Salbutamol + Budesonide Ventolin +
Pulmicort 2 puffs + 1–2 puffs BD Avoid triggers, monitor PEFR
Night cough Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN Use
before bedtime if needed
Shortness of breath Pulmonary edema Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate legs,
monitor weight
Cough with sputum Bronchitis Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5 days
Hydrate, avoid smoke
Wheezing with cold Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers
Productive cough COPD exacerbation Levofloxacin Levaquin / Levocid 500 mg OD x5
days Hydrate, monitor sputum
Cough with phlegm Bronchiectasis Ambroxol syrup Mucosolvan 30 ml BD
Chest physiotherapy
Breathlessness Asthma Montelukast Montair / Singulair 10 mg OD Avoid allergens,
monitor
Cough with mild fever Viral URTI Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Hydrate, rest
Chronic wheeze Asthma Budesonide inhaler Pulmicort / Budicort 1–2 puffs BD
Monitor technique, follow-up
Shortness of breath COPD Tiotropium inhaler Spiriva 1 inhalation OD
Pulmonary rehab, avoid smoke
Cough with chest tightness Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2
puffs PRN Monitor symptoms
Productive cough Bronchitis Ambroxol syrup Mucosolvan 30 ml BD
Hydrate, avoid smoking
Wheezing at night Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Track triggers
Chronic cough with sputum COPD Tiotropium inhaler Spiriva 1 inhalation
OD Smoking cessation
Cough with blood TB suspected Rifampicin + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide +
Ethambutol Rifinah / Catrasal According to DOTS protocol Refer to TB clinic
Breathlessness on exertion COPD Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Pulmonary rehab
Cough with wheeze Asthma Salbutamol + Budesonide Ventolin + Pulmicort 2 puffs
+ 1–2 puffs BD Avoid triggers
Nighttime wheeze Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Monitor PEFR
Shortness of breath Pulmonary edema Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate legs,
monitor weight
Productive cough Bronchiectasis Ambroxol syrup Mucosolvan 30 ml BD
Chest physiotherapy
Cough with mild fever Viral URTI Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Hydrate, rest
Chronic cough COPD Tiotropium inhaler Spiriva 1 inhalation OD
Smoking cessation
Wheezing with exertion Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2
puffs PRN Avoid allergens
Cough with phlegm Bronchitis Amoxicillin Amoxil / Mox 500 mg TDS x5 days
Hydrate, avoid smoke
Shortness of breath COPD Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Pulmonary rehab
Chest tightness Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Monitor symptoms
Cough with sputum COPD Levofloxacin Levaquin / Levocid 500 mg OD x5 days
Hydrate, monitor sputum
Wheezing with cold Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers
Night cough Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Monitor PEFR
Cough with blood TB suspected Rifampicin + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide +
Ethambutol Rifinah / Catrasal DOTS protocol Refer to TB clinic
Chronic wheeze Asthma Budesonide inhaler Pulmicort / Budicort 1–2 puffs BD
Follow-up, inhaler technique
Breathlessness Asthma Montelukast Montair / Singulair 10 mg OD Avoid
allergens
Cough with fever Pneumonia Amoxicillin-clavulanate Augmentin / Clavam 625
mg BD x5–7 days Hydrate, monitor symptoms
Productive cough Bronchitis Ambroxol syrup Mucosolvan 30 ml BD
Hydrate, avoid smoking
Wheezing with exertion Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2
puffs PRN Avoid triggers
Cough with sputum COPD exacerbation Levofloxacin Levaquin / Levocid 500 mg OD x5
days Monitor sputum
Shortness of breath Pulmonary edema Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate legs,
monitor weight
Chronic cough COPD Tiotropium inhaler Spiriva 1 inhalation OD
Smoking cessation
Nighttime wheeze Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Track triggers
Cough with mild fever Viral URTI Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg Q6H
PRN Hydrate, rest
Cough with wheeze Asthma Salbutamol + Budesonide Ventolin + Pulmicort 2 puffs
+ 1–2 puffs BD Avoid triggers

Section 7: Endocrine / Diabetes / Thyroid

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Increased thirst Diabetes mellitus type 2 Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet

500–1000 mg BD Monitor sugar, diet control
Frequent urination Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg
BD Hydrate, check blood sugar
Fatigue Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin 50–
100 mcg OD empty stomach Monitor TSH, take morning
Weight gain Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Diet control, monitor TSH
Weight loss Hyperthyroidism Carbimazole NeoMercazole 10–20 mg OD
Monitor TSH/T3/T4
Palpitations Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD Monitor pulse,
avoid caffeine
Heat intolerance Hyperthyroidism Carbimazole NeoMercazole 10–20 mg OD
Monitor thyroid labs
Cold intolerance Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Take on empty stomach, monitor TSH
Blurred vision Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg
BD Eye check, control sugar
Numbness in hands/feet Diabetic neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg
HS Monitor sugar, foot care
Slow healing wounds Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet
500–1000 mg BD Glycemic control, hygiene
Tremors Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD Avoid caffeine
Swelling neck Goiter Levothyroxine / Carbimazole Thyronorm / NeoMercazole
According to labs Monitor thyroid function
Hair loss Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Check TSH, supplements
Mood changes Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Monitor TSH, follow-up
Polyuria Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg BD
Monitor sugar, hydrate
Polydipsia Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg BD
Glycemic control
Polyphagia Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg BD
Diet control
Weight loss despite appetite Hyperthyroidism Carbimazole NeoMercazole
10–20 mg OD Monitor labs
Tremors with palpitations Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD
Monitor BP and pulse
Cold intolerance with fatigue Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm /
Eltroxin 50–100 mcg OD Monitor TSH, diet
Slow pulse Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD ECG if indicated
Heat intolerance with tremors Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD
Avoid caffeine, monitor labs
Hair thinning Hyperthyroidism Carbimazole NeoMercazole 10–20 mg OD
Monitor thyroid function
Blurred vision Diabetic retinopathy Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet
500–1000 mg BD Eye exam, sugar control
Tingling feet Diabetic neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg HS Foot
care, glycemic control
Fatigue with weight gain Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm /
Eltroxin 50–100 mcg OD Monitor labs
Anxiety with palpitations Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD Avoid
caffeine
Excessive sweating Hyperthyroidism Carbimazole NeoMercazole 10–20 mg OD Monitor
labs
Dry skin Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin 50–
100 mcg OD Moisturize, monitor TSH
Slow reflexes Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Monitor labs
Muscle weakness Hyperthyroidism Carbimazole NeoMercazole 10–20 mg OD
Monitor labs
Vision changes Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg
BD Eye check, sugar control
Numbness hands/feet Diabetic neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg
HS Foot care, monitor sugar
Frequent urination Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg
BD Hydrate, glycemic control
Fatigue Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Monitor TSH
Weight loss Hyperthyroidism Carbimazole NeoMercazole 10–20 mg OD Diet control,
monitor labs
Tremors Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD Monitor pulse
Cold intolerance Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Take on empty stomach
Hair loss Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Monitor labs
Polyuria Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg BD
Hydrate, sugar control
Polydipsia Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg BD
Monitor sugar
Polyphagia Diabetes Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet 500–1000 mg BD
Diet control
Fatigue with constipation Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm /
Eltroxin 50–100 mcg OD Monitor TSH
Palpitations Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD Monitor pulse
Weight gain with edema Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm /
Eltroxin 50–100 mcg OD Diet, labs
Tremors with heat intolerance Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD
Monitor labs
Blurred vision Diabetic retinopathy Metformin Glucophage / Glycomet
500–1000 mg BD Eye check, sugar control
Numbness feet Diabetic neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg HS
Foot care
Anxiety Hyperthyroidism Propranolol Inderal 10–40 mg BD Monitor
BP/pulse
Fatigue Hypothyroidism Levothyroxine Thyronorm / Eltroxin
50–100 mcg OD Monitor TSH

Section 8: Dermatology / Skin Infections / Allergies

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration
Short OPD Advice

Itchy red rash Contact dermatitis Hydrocortisone cream Cortizone /

Dermacort Apply thin layer 2–3x/day Avoid irritants
Dry flaky skin Eczema Moisturizer Cetaphil / Aveeno Apply BID Avoid hot
water, gentle soaps
Red inflamed patches Psoriasis Betamethasone + Salicylic acid cream
Betnovate S Apply thin layer BD Avoid scratching, follow-up
Acne pimples Acne vulgaris Clindamycin gel Dalacin T Apply BD Avoid
oily cosmetics
Severe acne Acne vulgaris Isotretinoin Isotin / Oratane 0.5–1 mg/kg OD
Monitor LFTs, pregnancy precautions
Oily skin Seborrheic dermatitis Ketoconazole shampoo Nizoral Apply
2–3x/week Wash hair regularly
Hair fall Androgenetic alopecia Minoxidil Rogaine / Mintop Apply 1 ml
BD Consistent use, monitor regrowth
Fungal infection Tinea corporis Clotrimazole cream Canesten Apply BD x2–4 weeks Keep
area dry
Nail fungal infection Onychomycosis Terbinafine Lamisil 250 mg OD x6–12
weeks Monitor LFTs
Scaly scalp Seborrheic dermatitis Ketoconazole shampoo Nizoral Apply
2–3x/week Avoid scratching
Itchy vesicles Scabies Permethrin 5% cream Scabiclear Apply whole body
once, repeat in 7 days Wash clothes and bed linen
Red itchy patches Urticaria Levocetirizine Cetzine / Xyzal 5 mg OD
Avoid triggers, antihistamine PRN
Hives Chronic urticaria Levocetirizine Cetzine / Xyzal 5 mg OD Avoid
allergens
Painful boil Furuncle Incision & drainage + Dicloxacillin Dynapen / Diclox 500
mg QID x7–10 days Maintain hygiene
Cold sore Herpes labialis Acyclovir cream Zovirax Apply 5x/day for 5
days Avoid sharing utensils
Shingles rash Herpes zoster Acyclovir Zovirax 800 mg 5x/day x7–
10 days Early treatment reduces pain
Skin pigmentation Post-inflammatory Hydroquinone 2% cream Melacare Apply
BD Avoid sun, sunscreen
Dry itchy skin Xerosis Moisturizer Cetaphil / Aveeno Apply BID Avoid
hot water
Red itchy rash Allergic contact dermatitis Hydrocortisone cream Cortizone /
Dermacort Apply 2–3x/day Avoid allergen
Acne with pustules Acne vulgaris Benzoyl peroxide gel Panoxyl / Brevoxyl
Apply BD Avoid sun exposure
Severe fungal infection Tinea cruris Terbinafine cream Lamisil Apply BD
x2–4 weeks Keep area dry
Nail discoloration Onychomycosis Terbinafine Lamisil 250 mg OD x6–12
weeks Monitor LFTs
Scalp itching Seborrheic dermatitis Ketoconazole shampoo Nizoral Apply
2–3x/week Avoid scratching
Itchy small bumps Scabies Permethrin 5% cream Scabiclear Apply whole body,
repeat 7 days Wash clothes, bedding
Red itchy rash Urticaria Levocetirizine Cetzine / Xyzal 5 mg OD
Avoid triggers
Chronic hives Chronic urticaria Levocetirizine Cetzine / Xyzal 5 mg
OD Avoid allergens
Painful pus-filled lesion Furuncle Dicloxacillin Dynapen / Diclox 500 mg QID
x7–10 days Maintain hygiene
Lip blister Herpes labialis Acyclovir cream Zovirax Apply 5x/day Avoid touching, utensils
Painful shingles rash Herpes zoster Acyclovir Zovirax 800 mg
5x/day x7–10 days Early treatment, reduce complications
Dark spots Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation Hydroquinone 2% cream
Melacare Apply BD Sunscreen use
Dry itchy skin Xerosis Moisturizer Cetaphil / Aveeno Apply BID Gentle
bathing, avoid hot water
Red itchy rash Allergic contact dermatitis Hydrocortisone cream Cortizone /
Dermacort 2–3x/day Avoid allergen
Acne lesions Acne vulgaris Clindamycin gel Dalacin T Apply BD Avoid oily cosmetics
Pustular acne Acne vulgaris Benzoyl peroxide gel Panoxyl / Brevoxyl
Apply BD Avoid sun exposure
Fungal groin infection Tinea cruris Terbinafine cream Lamisil Apply BD
x2–4 weeks Keep area dry
Nail fungal infection Onychomycosis Terbinafine Lamisil 250 mg OD x6–12
weeks Monitor LFTs
Scalp scaling Seborrheic dermatitis Ketoconazole shampoo Nizoral
2–3x/week Avoid scratching
Itchy vesicles Scabies Permethrin 5% cream Scabiclear Whole body once,
repeat 7 days Wash bedding, clothes
Red itchy rash Urticaria Levocetirizine Cetzine / Xyzal 5 mg OD
Avoid triggers
Hives Chronic urticaria Levocetirizine Cetzine / Xyzal 5 mg OD Avoid
allergens
Painful boil Furuncle Dicloxacillin Dynapen / Diclox 500 mg QID x7–10 days
Hygiene
Cold sore Herpes labialis Acyclovir cream Zovirax Apply 5x/day Avoid sharing utensils
Shingles rash Herpes zoster Acyclovir Zovirax 800 mg 5x/day x7–
10 days Early treatment
Post-acne marks Hyperpigmentation Hydroquinone 2% cream Melacare Apply
BD Sunscreen
Dry scaly skin Xerosis Moisturizer Cetaphil / Aveeno Apply BID Gentle
bathing
Red itchy rash Allergic contact dermatitis Hydrocortisone cream Cortizone /
Dermacort 2–3x/day Avoid irritant
Mild acne Acne vulgaris Clindamycin gel Dalacin T Apply BD Avoid
heavy cosmetics
Pustular acne Acne vulgaris Benzoyl peroxide gel Panoxyl / Brevoxyl
Apply BD Avoid sun exposure

Section 9: Gastrointestinal / Liver / Pancreas

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Heartburn GERD Pantoprazole Pantocid / Pantop 40 mg OD before breakfast Avoid

spicy/fatty foods, elevate head while sleeping
Acid reflux GERD Rabeprazole Aciloc-R / Rabecid 20 mg OD before breakfast Avoid
late meals, small frequent meals
Nausea Gastritis Ondansetron Ondem / Onset 4 mg TDS PRN Avoid spicy food, hydrate
Vomiting Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Onset 4 mg TDS PRN
Hydrate, bland diet
Abdominal pain Peptic ulcer Omeprazole Omez / Omez-D 20 mg OD before
breakfast Avoid NSAIDs, spicy food
Bloating Dyspepsia Domperidone Motilium / Domstal 10 mg TDS before meals
Avoid gas-producing foods
Constipation Functional constipation Lactulose Duphalac / Laxofast 15–30 ml OD
Increase fiber, hydrate
Diarrhea Acute infectious diarrhea ORS + Loperamide Loperamide / Imodium
2 mg after each loose stool Hydrate, avoid dairy temporarily
Bloody diarrhea Dysentery Metronidazole Flagyl / Metrogyl 400 mg TDS
x5 days Hydrate, check for fever
Jaundice Hepatitis A/B Supportive care — — Avoid alcohol, rest,
monitor liver function
Abdominal discomfort IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10 mg TDS
PRN Small frequent meals, avoid triggers
Flatulence Functional dyspepsia Simethicone Gelusil / Flatulex meals Avoid 1–2 tsp after
carbonated drinks
Nausea with bloating Gastritis Pantoprazole + Domperidone Pantocid +
Domstal 40 mg + 10 mg OD Avoid spicy/fatty foods
Vomiting with pain Peptic ulcer Omeprazole + Ondansetron Omez + Ondem 20 mg
+ 4 mg OD Avoid NSAIDs, small meals
Abdominal cramps IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10 mg TDS PRN
Avoid triggers, relax
Constipation with bloating Functional constipation Lactulose Duphalac / Laxofast
15–30 ml OD Fiber, hydrate
Loose stools Acute gastroenteritis ORS + Loperamide Loperamide / Imodium
2 mg after each loose stool Hydrate, bland diet
Diarrhea with blood Dysentery Metronidazole Flagyl / Metrogyl 400 mg TDS
x5 days Hydrate, monitor fever
Abdominal pain with nausea Gastritis Omeprazole + Ondansetron Omez +
Ondem 20 mg + 4 mg OD Avoid irritants, hydrate
Heartburn with bloating GERD Pantoprazole Pantocid / Pantop 40 mg OD Avoid
late meals, elevate head
Epigastric burning Peptic ulcer Omeprazole Omez / Omez-D 20 mg OD Avoid
NSAIDs, spicy food
Nausea with vomiting Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Onset 4 mg
TDS PRN Hydrate, bland diet
Abdominal pain with diarrhea Infectious gastroenteritis ORS + Loperamide
Loperamide / Imodium 2 mg after loose stool Hydrate
Bloating with constipation Functional dyspepsia Lactulose Duphalac / Laxofast
15–30 ml OD Fiber, hydrate
Crampy abdominal pain IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10 mg TDS
PRN Avoid triggers
Heartburn after meals GERD Rabeprazole Aciloc-R / Rabecid 20 mg OD Small
frequent meals
Acid regurgitation GERD Pantoprazole Pantocid / Pantop 40 mg OD Avoid lying
down after meals
Vomiting with dehydration Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Onset 4 mg
TDS PRN Hydrate with ORS
Loose stools with cramps Acute infectious diarrhea ORS + Loperamide Loperamide /
Imodium 2 mg after each loose stool Hydrate
Constipation with straining Functional constipation Lactulose Duphalac / Laxofast
15–30 ml OD Fiber, water
Abdominal bloating Dyspepsia Simethicone Gelusil / Flatulex 1–2 tsp after meals
Avoid carbonated drinks
Painful abdomen Peptic ulcer Omeprazole Omez / Omez-D 20 mg OD Avoid
NSAIDs, spicy food
Jaundice with malaise Hepatitis Supportive care — — Avoid
alcohol, rest
Crampy pain IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10 mg TDS PRN Avoid triggers, relax
Diarrhea with mucus Dysentery Metronidazole Flagyl / Metrogyl 400
mg TDS x5 days Hydrate, monitor fever
Nausea with bloating Gastritis Pantoprazole + Domperidone Pantocid +
Domstal 40 mg + 10 mg OD Avoid irritants
Vomiting with epigastric pain Peptic ulcer Omeprazole + Ondansetron Omez +
Ondem 20 mg + 4 mg OD Small meals, avoid NSAIDs
Abdominal discomfort IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10 mg TDS
PRN Avoid triggers
Flatulence with bloating Functional dyspepsia Simethicone Gelusil / Flatulex
1–2 tsp after meals Avoid carbonated drinks
Constipation with hard stools Functional constipation Lactulose Duphalac /
Laxofast 15–30 ml OD Fiber, hydrate
Diarrhea with mild fever Acute gastroenteritis ORS + Loperamide Loperamide /
Imodium 2 mg after each loose stool Hydrate
Bloody diarrhea Dysentery Metronidazole Flagyl / Metrogyl 400 mg TDS
x5 days Hydrate, monitor fever
Epigastric pain Peptic ulcer Omeprazole Omez / Omez-D 20 mg OD Avoid
NSAIDs
Heartburn with regurgitation GERD Pantoprazole Pantocid / Pantop 40 mg OD
Elevate head, avoid late meals
Abdominal bloating Dyspepsia Simethicone Gelusil / Flatulex 1–2 tsp after meals
Avoid gas-producing foods
Nausea with vomiting Gastroenteritis Ondansetron Ondem / Onset 4 mg
TDS PRN Hydrate
Constipation Functional constipation Lactulose Duphalac / Laxofast 15–30 ml OD
Fiber, hydrate
Crampy abdominal pain IBS Hyoscine butylbromide Buscopan 10 mg TDS
PRN Relax, avoid triggers

Section 10: Cardiovascular / Hypertension / Heart Failure

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

High blood pressure Hypertension Amlodipine Amlodac / Norvasc 5–10 mg OD

Monitor BP, reduce salt intake
High blood pressure with tachycardia Hypertension Atenolol Tenormin 25–50
mg OD Monitor pulse, avoid abrupt stopping
Chest pain Angina Nitroglycerin Nitrolingual / Glytrin 0.3–0.6 mg sublingual PRN
Sit down, avoid exertion
Shortness of breath Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD / BD Monitor
weight, restrict salt
Leg swelling Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD / BD Elevate legs,
monitor weight
Palpitations Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Lopressor 25–50 mg BD Monitor
pulse, avoid caffeine
Dizziness with hypertension Hypotension on meds Amlodipine / Atenolol
Amlodac / Tenormin Adjust dose as per BP Monitor BP, fall precautions
Shortness of breath on exertion Heart failure Furosemide + Spironolactone Lasix
+ Aldactone 20–40 mg OD + 25 mg OD Salt restriction, monitor weight
Chest heaviness Angina Isosorbide mononitrate ISMO / Monitrate 20–40
mg OD Avoid sudden standing, monitor BP
Fatigue Heart failure Carvedilol Coreg 3.125–6.25 mg BD Start low dose, titrate slowly
High BP with edema Hypertension + Heart failure Amlodipine + Furosemide
Amlodac + Lasix 5 mg OD + 20 mg OD Monitor BP & weight
Rapid heartbeat Atrial fibrillation Metoprolol Betaloc / Lopressor 25–50 mg BD
Monitor pulse
Dizziness Postural hypotension Fludrocortisone Florinef 0.1 mg OD
Rise slowly from sitting/lying
Chest tightness Angina Atenolol Tenormin 25–50 mg OD Monitor BP & pulse
Shortness of breath at night Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD
Elevate head, monitor weight
Peripheral edema Heart failure Spironolactone Aldactone 25–50 mg OD Salt
restriction, monitor K+
Palpitations with anxiety Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Lopressor 25–50 mg BD
Avoid caffeine
High BP with proteinuria Hypertension in CKD Losartan Losar / Lorzaar
50 mg OD Monitor renal function
Chest discomfort with exertion Angina Nitroglycerin Nitrolingual / Glytrin
0.3–0.6 mg sublingual PRN Sit down, avoid exertion
Shortness of breath with fatigue Heart failure Carvedilol Coreg 3.125–6.25 mg BD
Gradually increase dose
Swelling feet Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate legs, monitor weight
Rapid pulse Tachyarrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Lopressor 25–50 mg BD
Monitor pulse
Dizziness with medication Hypotension Amlodipine Amlodac 5–10 mg OD
Monitor BP
Dyspnea on exertion Heart failure Furosemide + Spironolactone Lasix +
Aldactone 20–40 mg OD + 25 mg OD Salt restriction, monitor weight
Chest pressure Angina Isosorbide mononitrate ISMO / Monitrate 20–40
mg OD Avoid sudden standing
Fatigue with edema Heart failure Carvedilol Coreg 3.125–6.25 mg BD Titrate dose
slowly
High BP with swelling Hypertension + HF Amlodipine + Furosemide Amlodac +
Lasix 5 mg OD + 20 mg OD Monitor BP & weight
Irregular heartbeat Atrial fibrillation Metoprolol Betaloc / Lopressor 25–50 mg BD
Monitor pulse
Orthostatic dizziness Hypotension Fludrocortisone Florinef 0.1 mg OD
Rise slowly from sitting/lying
Exertional chest pain Angina Atenolol Tenormin 25–50 mg OD
Monitor BP & pulse
Paroxysmal dyspnea Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate head,
monitor weight
Lower limb edema Heart failure Spironolactone Aldactone 25–50 mg OD Salt
restriction
Palpitations with tachycardia Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Lopressor 25–50 mg BD
Monitor pulse
High BP with kidney risk Hypertension + CKD Losartan Losar / Lorzaar 50 mg
OD Monitor renal function
Chest tightness with exertion Angina Nitroglycerin Nitrolingual / Glytrin
0.3–0.6 mg sublingual PRN Sit down, avoid exertion
Dyspnea with fatigue Heart failure Carvedilol Coreg 3.125–6.25 mg BD Titrate slowly
Leg swelling with fatigue Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate legs,
monitor weight
Rapid heartbeat with anxiety Arrhythmia Metoprolol Betaloc / Lopressor 25–50
mg BD Avoid caffeine
Dizziness with medication Hypotension Amlodipine Amlodac 5–10 mg OD
Monitor BP
Shortness of breath with edema Heart failure Furosemide + Spironolactone Lasix
+ Aldactone 20–40 mg OD + 25 mg OD Salt restriction
Exertional chest pain Angina Isosorbide mononitrate ISMO / Monitrate
20–40 mg OD Avoid sudden standing
Fatigue with swelling Heart failure Carvedilol Coreg 3.125–6.25 mg BD
Gradually titrate
High BP with edema Hypertension + HF Amlodipine + Furosemide Amlodac + Lasix
5 mg OD + 20 mg OD Monitor BP & weight
Irregular pulse Atrial fibrillation Metoprolol Betaloc / Lopressor 25–50 mg BD
Monitor pulse
Orthostatic dizziness Hypotension Fludrocortisone Florinef 0.1 mg OD
Rise slowly
Chest discomfort with exertion Angina Atenolol Tenormin 25–50 mg OD
Monitor BP & pulse
Paroxysmal dyspnea Heart failure Furosemide Lasix 20–40 mg OD Elevate head,
monitor weight
Section 11: Musculoskeletal / Orthopedics / Pain

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Joint pain Osteoarthritis Aceclofenac Zerodol / Aceclo 100 mg BD Avoid heavy activity,
physiotherapy
Knee pain Osteoarthritis Glucosamine + Chondroitin Donaflex / Articost 1 BD
Maintain healthy weight
Low back pain Mechanical back pain Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400
mg TDS PRN Avoid heavy lifting, exercise regularly
Muscle pain Myalgia Paracetamol + Ibuprofen Crocin + Brufen 500 mg + 400
mg TDS PRN Rest, gentle stretching
Shoulder pain Frozen shoulder NSAIDs + Physiotherapy Aceclofenac 100 mg BD
Stretching exercises, avoid strain
Neck pain Cervical spondylosis Diclofenac Voveran / Diclo 50 mg BD
Posture correction, neck exercises
Swelling with pain Gout flare Colchicine Colcrys / Colchicine 0.5 mg TDS
Hydrate, avoid purine-rich food
Acute back spasm Muscle strain Cyclobenzaprine Flexeril / Mioral 5–10 mg HS
Rest, heat therapy
Joint swelling Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate Metrex / Methofill 7.5–15 mg
weekly Monitor CBC & LFT
Joint stiffness Osteoarthritis Aceclofenac Zerodol / Aceclo 100 mg BD
Exercise, avoid strain
Painful ankle Sprain NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Aceclofenac 400–100 mg BD Rest,
ice, compression, elevation
Wrist pain Carpal tunnel syndrome NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Aceclofenac 400
mg TDS PRN Wrist splint, avoid repetitive movement
Hip pain Osteoarthritis Glucosamine Donaflex / Articost 1 BD Exercise, weight
management
Muscle cramps Electrolyte imbalance Magnesium + Potassium supplements
Magaldrate / Maglev 1 tablet BD Hydrate, stretch
Tendon pain Tendinitis NSAIDs Aceclofenac / Diclofenac 100 mg BD Rest, ice therapy
Chronic low back pain Degenerative disc disease NSAIDs + Physiotherapy
Aceclofenac 100 mg BD Posture correction, stretching
Painful finger joints Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate Metrex / Methofill 7.5–15 mg
weekly Monitor labs, follow-up
Acute gout Gout flare Colchicine Colcrys / Colchicine 0.5 mg TDS Hydrate, avoid
purines
Shoulder stiffness Frozen shoulder NSAIDs + Physiotherapy Aceclofenac 100 mg BD
Stretching exercises
Muscle strain Acute injury Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS PRN Rest,
ice therapy
Joint pain with swelling Osteoarthritis Aceclofenac Zerodol / Aceclo 100
mg BD Avoid strain, physiotherapy
Knee swelling Osteoarthritis Glucosamine + Chondroitin Donaflex / Articost
1 BD Weight management
Back pain with stiffness Mechanical back pain Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic
400 mg TDS PRN Avoid heavy lifting, posture correction
Muscle soreness Myalgia Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg TDS PRN
Rest, gentle stretching
Elbow pain Tennis elbow NSAIDs Diclofenac / Aceclofenac 50–100 mg BD
Avoid repetitive motion
Heel pain Plantar fasciitis NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Aceclofenac 400 mg BD
Stretching, avoid barefoot walking
Shoulder pain Rotator cuff tendinitis NSAIDs Aceclofenac / Diclofenac
100 mg BD Ice, physiotherapy
Acute back pain Muscle spasm Cyclobenzaprine Flexeril / Mioral 5–10
mg HS Rest, heat therapy
Hand joint pain Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate Metrex / Methofill 7.5–15 mg
weekly Monitor labs
Ankle pain Sprain NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Aceclofenac 400–100 mg BD RICE
therapy
Knee pain Osteoarthritis Glucosamine Donaflex / Articost 1 BD Weight
management
Muscle cramps Electrolyte deficiency Magnesium + Potassium Magaldrate /
Maglev 1 BD Hydrate, stretch
Tendon pain Tendinitis NSAIDs Aceclofenac / Diclofenac 100 mg BD Rest, ice therapy
Chronic low back pain Degenerative disc disease NSAIDs Aceclofenac 100 mg
BD Posture correction, exercise
Finger joint swelling Rheumatoid arthritis Methotrexate Metrex / Methofill 7.5–15 mg
weekly Monitor CBC/LFT
Gout flare Acute gout Colchicine Colcrys / Colchicine 0.5 mg TDS Hydrate, avoid
purines
Frozen shoulder Shoulder stiffness NSAIDs + Physiotherapy Aceclofenac 100 mg BD
Stretching exercises
Muscle strain Acute injury Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic 400 mg TDS PRN Rest,
ice therapy
Joint pain Osteoarthritis Aceclofenac Zerodol / Aceclo 100 mg BD
Exercise, physiotherapy
Knee swelling Osteoarthritis Glucosamine + Chondroitin Donaflex / Articost
1 BD Weight management
Back pain with stiffness Mechanical back pain Ibuprofen Brufen / Ibugesic
400 mg TDS PRN Posture correction, stretching
Muscle soreness Myalgia Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500 mg TDS PRN
Rest, gentle exercise
Elbow pain Tennis elbow NSAIDs Diclofenac / Aceclofenac 50–100 mg BD
Avoid repetitive motion
Heel pain Plantar fasciitis NSAIDs Ibuprofen / Aceclofenac 400 mg BD
Stretching, avoid barefoot walking
Shoulder pain Rotator cuff tendinitis NSAIDs Aceclofenac / Diclofenac
100 mg BD Ice, physiotherapy
Acute back spasm Muscle strain Cyclobenzaprine Flexeril / Mioral 5–10 mg HS
Rest, heat therapy
Joint pain with swelling Osteoarthritis Aceclofenac Zerodol / Aceclo 100
mg BD Exercise, physiotherapy

Section 12: Neurology / Headache / Seizures / Neuropathic Pain

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Headache Tension headache Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg TDS

PRN Hydrate, rest, stress management
Migraine Migraine Sumatriptan Imigran / Sumigra 50–100 mg PRN Avoid triggers, rest in
dark room
Severe headache Cluster headache Oxygen therapy / Sumatriptan Imigran
50 mg PRN Avoid alcohol, triggers
Dizziness Vertigo Betahistine Serc / Vertin 16 mg TDS Hydrate, avoid sudden movements
Tingling hands/feet Peripheral neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg
HS Monitor for drowsiness
Numbness Peripheral neuropathy Pregabalin Lyrica 75 mg HS Avoid driving
initially
Seizure Epilepsy Levetiracetam Levera / Keppra 500–1000 mg BD
Compliance critical, avoid alcohol
Focal seizure Epilepsy Carbamazepine Tegretol 200 mg BD Monitor LFT
& CBC
Muscle weakness Stroke sequelae Physiotherapy — — Regular
exercise, monitor BP
Headache with nausea Migraine Rizatriptan Maxalt 10 mg PRN Avoid
triggers, rest
Burning feet Diabetic neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg HS
Glycemic control
Facial pain Trigeminal neuralgia Carbamazepine Tegretol 200 mg BD
Monitor labs, titrate slowly
Dizziness on standing Orthostatic hypotension Fludrocortisone Florinef
0.1 mg OD Rise slowly, monitor BP
Tingling arms Peripheral neuropathy Pregabalin Lyrica 75 mg HS Avoid driving
initially
Recurrent seizures Epilepsy Levetiracetam Levera / Keppra 500–1000 mg
BD Compliance critical
Headache with aura Migraine Sumatriptan Imigran 50–100 mg PRN Avoid
triggers
Burning hands Neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg HS
Glycemic control
Numb toes Diabetic neuropathy Pregabalin Lyrica 75 mg HS Monitor sugar
Weakness one side Stroke Physiotherapy — — Rehabilitation, monitor BP
& sugar
Severe headache with nausea Migraine Rizatriptan Maxalt 10 mg PRN Dark
room, hydrate
Facial tingling Trigeminal neuralgia Carbamazepine Tegretol 200 mg BD
Monitor labs
Dizziness Vertigo Betahistine Serc / Vertin 16 mg TDS Avoid sudden
movements
Tingling fingers Peripheral neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg
HS Glycemic control
Headache Tension headache Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol 500–650 mg TDS
PRN Hydrate, rest
Severe unilateral headache Migraine Sumatriptan Imigran / Sumigra 50–100 mg
PRN Avoid triggers
Lightheadedness Vertigo Betahistine Serc / Vertin 16 mg TDS Hydrate, avoid sudden
moves
Burning feet Diabetic neuropathy Pregabalin Lyrica 75 mg HS Control sugar
Facial pain Trigeminal neuralgia Carbamazepine Tegretol 200 mg BD
Monitor labs
Weakness after stroke Stroke sequelae Physiotherapy — —
Exercise, rehab
Headache with visual aura Migraine Rizatriptan Maxalt 10 mg PRN Avoid
triggers
Numbness in extremities Peripheral neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin
300 mg HS Monitor sugar
Recurrent seizures Epilepsy Levetiracetam Levera / Keppra 500–1000 mg
BD Compliance critical
Dizziness on position change Vertigo Betahistine Serc / Vertin 16 mg TDS
Avoid sudden movements
Tingling hands/feet Neuropathy Pregabalin Lyrica 75 mg HS Avoid driving
Headache with tightness Tension headache Paracetamol Crocin / Calpol
500–650 mg TDS PRN Hydrate, rest
Cluster headache Cluster headache Sumatriptan Imigran 50–100 mg PRN
Avoid alcohol, triggers
Burning extremities Diabetic neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg HS
Glycemic control
Facial pain with triggers Trigeminal neuralgia Carbamazepine Tegretol 200
mg BD Monitor labs
Post-stroke weakness Stroke sequelae Physiotherapy — —
Rehab, exercise
Migraine with nausea Migraine Rizatriptan Maxalt 10 mg PRN Rest, avoid
triggers
Tingling fingers/toes Peripheral neuropathy Pregabalin Lyrica 75 mg HS
Glycemic control
Seizures Epilepsy Carbamazepine Tegretol 200 mg BD Monitor
CBC/LFT
Weakness one side Stroke Physiotherapy — — Rehab, monitor BP & sugar
Headache with photophobia Migraine Sumatriptan Imigran 50–100 mg
PRN Dark room, hydrate
Dizziness with imbalance Vertigo Betahistine Serc / Vertin 16 mg TDS Avoid
sudden movements
Burning hands/feet Diabetic neuropathy Gabapentin Gabapin / Neurontin 300 mg HS
Monitor sugar
Facial pain Trigeminal neuralgia Carbamazepine Tegretol 200 mg BD
Monitor labs
Muscle weakness post-stroke Stroke Physiotherapy — — Rehab
exercises
Migraine with aura Migraine Rizatriptan Maxalt 10 mg PRN Avoid triggers
Tingling extremities Neuropathy Pregabalin Lyrica 75 mg HS Monitor for
drowsiness

Section 13: Respiratory / Asthma / COPD / Cough

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice

Cough with sputum Acute bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS

x5 days Hydrate, steam inhalation
Dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Avoid irritants, hydrate
Shortness of breath Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers, monitor PEFR
Wheezing Asthma Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Use inhaler correctly, follow-up
Chronic cough COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Avoid smoking, pulmonary rehab
Chest tightness Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers
Productive cough COPD Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS x5 days
Hydrate, pulmonary hygiene
Shortness of breath COPD Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Smoking cessation
Wheezing with cough Asthma Salbutamol + Montelukast Ventolin + Montair
2 puffs PRN + 10 mg OD Avoid triggers
Night-time cough Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid late night triggers
Persistent cough Chronic bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x7 days Hydrate, avoid smoking
Breathlessness on exertion COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Pulmonary
rehab, avoid smoking
Wheeze with exercise Exercise-induced asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin /
Asthalin 2 puffs 15 min before exercise Warm-up, avoid triggers
Dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Hydrate, rest
Chest tightness Asthma Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2
puffs BD Use inhaler correctly
Productive cough COPD Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS x5 days
Hydrate, pulmonary hygiene
Shortness of breath at night Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin
2 puffs PRN Avoid allergens at night
Chronic wheeze Asthma Budesonide Pulmicort / Budecort 1–2 puffs BD
Inhaler technique, follow-up
Cough with phlegm Bronchiectasis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
Hydrate, physiotherapy
Wheezing with cold Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers
Night-time breathlessness COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Avoid smoking, monitor
symptoms
Persistent dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20
mg TDS PRN Hydrate
Chest tightness Asthma Salbutamol + Montelukast Ventolin + Montair 2
puffs PRN + 10 mg OD Avoid allergens
Productive cough Chronic bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x7 days Hydrate, avoid smoking
Shortness of breath COPD Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Smoking cessation
Wheeze on exertion Exercise-induced asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin
2 puffs before exercise Warm-up, avoid triggers
Cough with sputum Acute bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x5 days Hydrate
Dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Hydrate, rest
Shortness of breath Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Monitor PEFR
Wheezing Asthma Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Use inhaler correctly
Chronic cough COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Pulmonary rehab, avoid smoking
Chest tightness Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers
Productive cough COPD Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS x5 days
Hydrate
Shortness of breath COPD Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Smoking cessation
Wheezing with cough Asthma Salbutamol + Montelukast Ventolin + Montair
2 puffs PRN + 10 mg OD Avoid triggers
Night-time cough Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid allergens at night
Persistent cough Chronic bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x7 days Hydrate, avoid smoking
Breathlessness on exertion COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Pulmonary
rehab
Wheeze with exercise Exercise-induced asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin /
Asthalin 2 puffs before exercise Warm-up
Dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Hydrate
Chest tightness Asthma Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2
puffs BD Inhaler technique
Productive cough COPD Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS Hydrate
Shortness of breath at night Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin
2 puffs PRN Avoid allergens at night
Chronic wheeze Asthma Budesonide Pulmicort / Budecort 1–2 puffs BD
Follow-up, inhaler technique
Cough with phlegm Bronchiectasis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
Physiotherapy, hydrate

Section 13: Respiratory / Asthma / COPD / Cough

Symptom Common Disease Medication Brand Name (India) Dose / Duration

Short OPD Advice
Cough with sputum Acute bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x5 days Hydrate, steam inhalation
Dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Avoid irritants, hydrate
Shortness of breath Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers, monitor PEFR
Wheezing Asthma Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Use inhaler correctly, follow-up
Chronic cough COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Avoid smoking, pulmonary rehab
Chest tightness Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers
Productive cough COPD Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS x5 days
Hydrate, pulmonary hygiene
Shortness of breath COPD Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Smoking cessation
Wheezing with cough Asthma Salbutamol + Montelukast Ventolin + Montair
2 puffs PRN + 10 mg OD Avoid triggers
Night-time cough Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid late night triggers
Persistent cough Chronic bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x7 days Hydrate, avoid smoking
Breathlessness on exertion COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Pulmonary
rehab, avoid smoking
Wheeze with exercise Exercise-induced asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin /
Asthalin 2 puffs 15 min before exercise Warm-up, avoid triggers
Dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Hydrate, rest
Chest tightness Asthma Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2
puffs BD Use inhaler correctly
Productive cough COPD Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS x5 days
Hydrate, pulmonary hygiene
Shortness of breath at night Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin
2 puffs PRN Avoid allergens at night
Chronic wheeze Asthma Budesonide Pulmicort / Budecort 1–2 puffs BD
Inhaler technique, follow-up
Cough with phlegm Bronchiectasis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
Hydrate, physiotherapy
Wheezing with cold Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers
Night-time breathlessness COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Avoid smoking, monitor
symptoms
Persistent dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20
mg TDS PRN Hydrate
Chest tightness Asthma Salbutamol + Montelukast Ventolin + Montair 2
puffs PRN + 10 mg OD Avoid allergens
Productive cough Chronic bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x7 days Hydrate, avoid smoking
Shortness of breath COPD Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Smoking cessation
Wheeze on exertion Exercise-induced asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin
2 puffs before exercise Warm-up, avoid triggers
Cough with sputum Acute bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x5 days Hydrate
Dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Hydrate, rest
Shortness of breath Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Monitor PEFR
Wheezing Asthma Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Use inhaler correctly
Chronic cough COPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Pulmonary rehab, avoid smoking
Chest tightness Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid triggers
Productive cough COPD Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS x5 days
Hydrate
Shortness of breath COPD Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2 puffs BD
Smoking cessation
Wheezing with cough Asthma Salbutamol + Montelukast Ventolin + Montair 2
puffs PRN + 10 mg OD Avoid triggers
Night-time cough Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin 2 puffs PRN
Avoid allergens at night
Persistent cough Chronic bronchitis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
x7 days Hydrate, avoid smoking
Breathlessness on exertionCOPD Tiotropium Spiriva 18 mcg OD Pulmonary
rehab
Wheeze with exercise Exercise-induced asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin /
Asthalin 2 puffs before exercise Warm-up
Dry cough Viral URTI Dextromethorphan Benadryl / Delsym 10–20 mg TDS PRN
Hydrate
Chest tightness Asthma Budesonide + Formoterol Symbicort / Foracort 1–2
puffs BD Inhaler technique
Productive cough COPD Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS Hydrate
Shortness of breath at night Asthma Salbutamol inhaler Ventolin / Asthalin
2 puffs PRN Avoid allergens at night
Chronic wheeze Asthma Budesonide Pulmicort / Budecort 1–2 puffs BD
Follow-up, inhaler technique
Cough with phlegm Bronchiectasis Ambroxol Ambrolex / Mucosol 30 mg TDS
Physiotherapy, hydrate

Signs n symptoms with possible disease;

Respiratory

1. Cough – Common cold, Bronchitis, Asthma

2. Shortness of breath – Asthma, COPD, Heart failure

3. Wheezing – Asthma, Bronchiolitis, Allergic reaction

4. Sore throat – Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis, Viral infection

5. Nasal congestion – Allergic rhinitis, Sinusitis, Cold

Gastrointestinal

6. Abdominal pain – Gastritis, Appendicitis, Gallstones

7. Diarrhoea – Gastroenteritis, Food poisoning, IBS

8. Constipation – Functional constipation, Hypothyroidism, IBS

9. Vomiting – Gastroenteritis, Food poisoning, Migraine

10. Heartburn – GERD, Gastritis, Hiatal hernia

Cardiovascular

11. Chest pain – Angina, MI, GERD

12. Palpitations – Arrhythmia, Hyperthyroidism, Anxiety

13. Edema – Heart failure, Nephrotic syndrome, Liver disease

Musculoskeletal

14. Joint pain – Osteoarthritis, RA, Gout

15. Muscle pain – Viral myalgia, Fibromyalgia, Strain

Skin / Allergy

16. Rash – Allergic reaction, Viral exanthem, Fungal infection

17. Itching – Allergic dermatitis, Scabies, Dry skin

18. Hair loss – Telogen effluvium, Alopecia areata, Hypothyroidism Neuro / Psych

19. Headache – Migraine, Tension headache, Sinusitis

20. Dizziness – Vertigo, Hypotension, Anemia

21. Weakness – Anemia, Hypothyroidism, Stroke

Endocrine / Metabolic
22. Weight loss – Diabetes, Hyperthyroidism, Malignancy

23. Weight gain – Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s, Fluid retention

Women’s Health

24. Menstrual irregularities – PCOS, Thyroid disorder, Stress

25. Dysmenorrhea – Primary dysmenorrhea, Endometriosis, Fibroids

Respiratory

26. Cough with sputum – Bronchitis, Pneumonia, TB

27. Blood in sputum – TB, Lung cancer, Bronchiectasis

28. Hoarseness – Laryngitis, Vocal cord nodules, Thyroid enlargement

29. Snoring – Obstructive sleep apnea, Nasal obstruction, Obesity

30. Chest tightness – Asthma, Angina, Anxiety

Gastrointestinal

31. Bloating – IBS, Lactose intolerance, Constipation

32. Flatulence – Dysbiosis, IBS, Diet-related

33. Jaundice – Hepatitis, Gallstones, Cirrhosis

34. Dark urine – Dehydration, Hepatitis, Hemolysis

35. Pale stools – Cholestasis, Hepatitis, Biliary obstruction

36. Nausea – Gastroenteritis, Pregnancy, Migraine

37. Abdominal distension – Ascites, Obstruction, Gas accumulation

38. Acidic taste / regurgitation – GERD, Hiatal hernia, Pregnancy

39. Difficulty swallowing – Oesophagitis, Stricture, Neurological cause

40. Hematemesis – Peptic ulcer, Varices, Mallory-Weiss tear

Cardiovascular

41. Shortness of breath on exertion – Heart failure, Anemia, Lung disease

42. Syncope – Arrhythmia, Hypotension, Vasovagal episode

43. Leg cramps – Peripheral vascular disease, Electrolyte imbalance, Dehydration

44. Leg pain on walking – Claudication, Osteoarthritis, Peripheral neuropathy

45. Cold hands/feet – Peripheral vascular disease, Hypothyroidism, Raynaud’s

Musculoskeletal

46. Back pain – Lumbar strain, Disc herniation, Osteoarthritis

47. Neck pain – Cervical spondylosis, Muscle strain, Meningitis

48. Shoulder pain – Rotator cuff injury, Frozen shoulder, Arthritis

49. Hip pain – Osteoarthritis, Bursitis, Fracture

50. Bone pain – Osteoporosis, Metastasis, Vitamin D deficiency

Skin / Allergy

51. Red eyes – Conjunctivitis, Allergic reaction, Dry eyes

52. Swelling of lips / face – Angioedema, Allergy, Infection

53. Blisters – Herpes zoster, Impetigo, Contact dermatitis

54. Bruising – Trauma, Coagulopathy, Steroid therapy

55. Nail changes – Fungal infection, Psoriasis, Iron deficiency

Neuro / Psych

56. Tremors – Parkinsonism, Hyperthyroidism, Anxiety

57. Memory loss – Dementia, Vitamin B12 deficiency, Hypothyroidism

58. Weakness in limbs – Stroke, Guillain-Barre, Neuropathy

59. Numbness / tingling – Peripheral neuropathy, Compression neuropathy, Vitamin

deficiency
60. Seizures – Epilepsy, Fever (febrile), Stroke

Endocrine / Metabolic

61. Increased thirst – Diabetes, Hypercalcemia, Hyperthyroidism

62. Increased urination – Diabetes, Diabetes insipidus, Diuretics

63. Heat intolerance – Hyperthyroidism, Fever, Infection

64. Cold intolerance – Hypothyroidism, Anemia, Malnutrition

65. Hair thinning – Hypothyroidism, Nutritional deficiency, Stress

Women’s Health

66. Vaginal discharge – Bacterial vaginosis, Candidiasis, Trichomoniasis

67. Pelvic pain – Ovarian cyst, PID, Endometriosis

68. Breast pain – Fibrocystic change, Hormonal fluctuation, Mastitis

69. Breast lump – Fibroadenoma, Cyst, Breast cancer

70. Postmenopausal bleeding – Atrophic endometrium, Polyps, Malignancy

Pediatric / Misc

71. Poor weight gain – Malnutrition, Chronic illness, Congenital heart disease
72. Delayed milestones – Cerebral palsy, Hypothyroidism, Genetic disorder

73. Jaundice in neonate – Physiological, Hemolysis, Infection

74. Cough in child – Viral infection, Asthma, Pertussis

75. Fever in child – Viral illness, Urinary tract infection, Pneumonia

ENT

76. Ear pain – Otitis media, Otitis externa, TMJ disorder

77. Hearing loss – Otitis media, Presbycusis, Wax impaction

78. Tinnitus – Noise exposure, Presbycusis, Meniere’s disease

79. Nasal bleeding – Trauma, Epistaxis (idiopathic), Hypertension

80. Difficulty breathing through nose – Deviated septum, Nasal polyps, Allergic rhinitis

Ophthalmology

81. Blurred vision – Refractive error, Cataract, Diabetes

82. Red eye – Conjunctivitis, Uveitis, Corneal abrasion

83. Eye pain – Glaucoma, Infection, Trauma

84. Watery eyes – Allergic conjunctivitis, Blocked tear duct, Viral conjunctivitis
85. Double vision – Cranial nerve palsy, Stroke, Thyroid eye disease

Gastrointestinal

86. Loss of appetite – Hepatitis, Malignancy, Depression

87. Bloating after meals – IBS, Lactose intolerance, Small intestinal bacterial
overgrowth

88. Flatulence – Dysbiosis, Diet, IBS

89. Rectal bleeding – Hemorrhoids, Anal fissure, Colon cancer

90. Heartburn with regurgitation – GERD, Hiatal hernia, Pregnancy

Cardiovascular

91. Palpitations at rest – Arrhythmia, Hyperthyroidism, Anxiety

92. Chest heaviness – Angina, Anxiety, Pericarditis

93. Swelling of both legs – Heart failure, Nephrotic syndrome, Liver disease

94. Unexplained bruising – Coagulopathy, Vitamin K deficiency, Trauma

95. Cold extremities – Peripheral vascular disease, Hypothyroidism, Raynaud’s

phenomenon

Musculoskeletal
96. Morning stiffness – Rheumatoid arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Osteoarthritis

97. Neck stiffness – Meningitis, Cervical spondylosis, Muscle spasm

98. Joint swelling – RA, Gout, Osteoarthritis

99. Muscle weakness – Myopathy, Neuropathy, Electrolyte imbalance

100. Foot drop – Peroneal nerve injury, Stroke, Diabetes neuropathy

Neurological

101. Headache with visual disturbance – Migraine with aura, Hypertension, Brain tumor

102. Facial numbness – Trigeminal neuralgia, Stroke, MS

103. Speech difficulty – Stroke, Aphasia, Neuromuscular disorder

104. Trembling hands – Essential tremor, Anxiety, Hyperthyroidism

105. Dizziness on standing – Orthostatic hypotension, Dehydration, Anemia

Endocrine / Metabolic

106. Unexplained weight gain – Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome, Fluid retention

107. Unexplained weight loss – Diabetes, Hyperthyroidism, Malignancy

108. Excess hair growth – PCOS, Adrenal hyperplasia, Steroid therapy

109. Hair loss – Telogen effluvium, Alopecia areata, Thyroid disorders

110. Cold intolerance – Hypothyroidism, Anemia, Malnutrition

Women’s Health

111. Heavy menstrual bleeding – Fibroids, Coagulopathy, Hormonal imbalance

112. Painful menses – Primary dysmenorrhea, Endometriosis, Adenomyosis

113. Irregular cycles – PCOS, Thyroid disorders, Stress

114. Vaginal itching – Candidiasis, Trichomoniasis, Allergic reaction

115. Postcoital bleeding – Cervical erosion, Infection, Malignancy

Pediatrics / General
116. Fever with rash – Measles, Rubella, Chickenpox

117. Recurrent infections – Immunodeficiency, Malnutrition, Leukemia

118. Failure to thrive – Chronic illness, Malnutrition, Congenital heart disease

119. Cough in infant – Bronchiolitis, Pneumonia, Aspiration

120. Poor feeding – Congenital heart disease, GERD, Infection

Gastrointestinal
121. Difficulty swallowing liquids – Oesophageal stricture, Achalasia, Neurological cause

122. Difficulty swallowing solids – Tumor, Oesophageal web, Stricture

123. Early satiety – Gastric ulcer, Gastric cancer, Functional dyspepsia

124. Vomiting blood – Peptic ulcer, Varices, Mallory-Weiss tear

125. Black stools – GI bleed, Iron supplementation, Peptic ulcer

126. Pale stools – Cholestasis, Biliary obstruction, Hepatitis

127. Nausea with headache – Migraine, Infection, Food poisoning

128. Abdominal cramping – IBS, Gastroenteritis, Food intolerance

129. Chronic constipation – Hypothyroidism, Colon cancer, Functional constipation

130. Chronic diarrhoea – IBD, IBS, Malabsorption

Cardiovascular / Circulatory

131. Rapid heartbeat – Tachycardia, Hyperthyroidism, Anxiety

132. Slow heartbeat – Bradycardia, AV block, Hypothyroidism

133. Chest tightness with exertion – Angina, COPD, Anxiety

134. Swelling of face / eyes – Nephrotic syndrome, Allergic reaction, Heart failure
135. Leg ulcers – Peripheral vascular disease, Diabetes, Venous insufficiency

136. Blue lips / fingers – Cyanotic heart disease, Respiratory failure, Cold exposure

137. High BP readings – Essential hypertension, Renal disease, Pheochromocytoma

138. Low BP readings – Dehydration, Shock, Heart failure

139. Sudden collapse – Syncope, Arrhythmia, Stroke

140. Chest pain with sweating – Myocardial infarction, Anxiety, Acute gastritis

Musculoskeletal

141. Shoulder stiffness – Frozen shoulder, Arthritis, Trauma

142. Wrist pain – Carpal tunnel syndrome, Arthritis, Tendinitis

143. Hip pain – Osteoarthritis, Bursitis, Fracture

144. Knee swelling – Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Trauma

145. Ankle pain – Sprain, Gout, Tendinitis

146. Muscle cramps – Electrolyte imbalance, Dehydration, Circulatory problems

147. Back stiffness – Spondylosis, Muscle spasm, Disc herniation

148. Neck pain radiating to arm – Cervical radiculopathy, Muscle spasm, Disc prolapse

149. Foot swelling – Heart failure, Kidney disease, Lymphedema

150. Joint redness – Gout, Infection, Rheumatologic disease

Neurological / Psychiatric

151. Headache with vomiting – Migraine, Meningitis, Raised ICP

152. Sudden weakness – Stroke, Hypokalemia, Guillain-Barre

153. Facial droop – Stroke, Bell’s palsy, Neuropathy

154. Slurred speech – Stroke, Neuromuscular disease, Alcohol intoxication

155. Vision loss – Retinal disease, Stroke, Optic neuritis

156. Dizziness – Vertigo, Hypotension, Anemia

157. Balance problems – Cerebellar disease, Vestibular disorder, Neuropathy

158. Seizure – Epilepsy, Fever, Electrolyte imbalance

159. Confusion – Infection, Stroke, Hypoglycemia

160. Sleep disturbances – Anxiety, Depression, Sleep apnea

Endocrine / Metabolic
161. Increased appetite – Hyperthyroidism, Diabetes, Medications

162. Decreased appetite – Infection, Malignancy, Depression

163. Excessive urination at night – Diabetes, CKD, Sleep apnea

164. Night sweats – TB, Lymphoma, Menopause

165. Hair thinning – Hypothyroidism, Androgenic alopecia, Nutritional deficiency

166. Cold intolerance – Hypothyroidism, Anemia, Malnutrition

167. Heat intolerance – Hyperthyroidism, Fever, Menopause

168. Weight loss despite normal diet – Diabetes, Hyperthyroidism, Malignancy

169. Weight gain despite normal diet – Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome,

Medications

170. Fatigue – Anemia, Thyroid disorder, Depression

Women’s Health / Gynecological

171. Vaginal bleeding outside cycle – Polyps, Hormonal imbalance, Malignancy

172. Postmenopausal bleeding – Atrophic endometrium, Polyps, Cancer

173. Painful intercourse – Endometriosis, Infection, Vaginal dryness

174. Vaginal odor – Bacterial vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Poor hygiene

175. Breast lump – Fibroadenoma, Cyst, Breast cancer

176. Breast nipple discharge – Galactorrhea, Infection, Tumor

177. Heavy bleeding – Fibroids, Coagulopathy, Hormonal disorders

178. Missed periods – Pregnancy, PCOS, Thyroid disorder

179. Irregular cycles – PCOS, Thyroid disorder, Stress

180. Pelvic pain – Ovarian cyst, PID, Endometriosis

Pediatric / General

181. Fever – Viral infection, UTI, Pneumonia

182. Rash – Chickenpox, Measles, Allergic reaction

183. Cough – Viral infection, Asthma, Pertussis

184. Diarrhoea – Gastroenteritis, Food poisoning, Malabsorption

185. Vomiting – Gastroenteritis, Pyloric stenosis, Infection

186. Poor feeding – GERD, Congenital heart disease, Infection

187. Lethargy – Infection, Anemia, Hypoglycemia

188. Jaundice – Physiological, Hemolysis, Infection

189. Swelling / edema – Nephrotic syndrome, Heart failure, Malnutrition

190. Seizure – Febrile seizure, Epilepsy, CNS infection

Skin / Allergy

191. Itching – Allergic dermatitis, Scabies, Dry skin

192. Rash with fever – Measles, Scarlet fever, Drug reaction

193. Blisters – Chickenpox, Herpes zoster, Contact dermatitis

194. Swelling of lips / face – Angioedema, Allergic reaction, Infection

195. Red eyes – Conjunctivitis, Allergic reaction, Dry eye

Gastrointestinal
196. Bloating with diarrhea – IBS, Lactose intolerance, Giardiasis

197. Blood in stool – Hemorrhoids, Anal fissure, Colon cancer

198. Mucus in stool – IBS, Infection, IBD

199. Abdominal fullness – Ascites, Gastric outlet obstruction, Constipation

200. Reflux with cough – GERD, Asthma, Laryngopharyngeal reflux

201. Chronic nausea – Gastroparesis, Medications, Peptic ulcer

202. Difficulty swallowing liquids – Achalasia, Neurological disorder, Esophageal spasm

203. Difficulty swallowing solids – Stricture, Tumor, Esophagitis

204. Vomiting in morning – Pregnancy, Increased ICP, Gastritis

205. Recurrent vomiting – Cyclical vomiting syndrome, GI obstruction, Infection

Cardiovascular

206. Chest heaviness – Angina, Anxiety, Pericarditis

207. Rapid heartbeat on exertion – Tachycardia, Anemia, Hyperthyroidism

208. Fainting – Syncope, Arrhythmia, Dehydration

209. Leg heaviness – Peripheral vascular disease, Varicose veins, Heart failure
210. Night-time leg cramps – Electrolyte imbalance, Peripheral vascular disease,
Dehydration

211. Swelling around eyes – Nephrotic syndrome, Allergic reaction, Heart failure

212. Cold fingers / toes – Raynaud’s, Peripheral vascular disease, Hypothyroidism

213. Sudden chest pain – Myocardial infarction, Pneumothorax, Pulmonary embolism

214. Palpitations with anxiety – Anxiety disorder, Arrhythmia, Hyperthyroidism

215. Edema with fatigue – Heart failure, Kidney disease, Liver disease
Musculoskeletal

216. Hip stiffness – Osteoarthritis, Bursitis, Fracture

217. Shoulder pain radiating to arm – Rotator cuff injury, Cervical radiculopathy, Heart
disease

218. Elbow pain – Tennis elbow, Arthritis, Trauma

219. Wrist swelling – Tenosynovitis, Arthritis, Trauma

220. Hand numbness – Carpal tunnel syndrome, Peripheral neuropathy, Cervical

radiculopathy

221. Leg weakness – Stroke, Peripheral neuropathy, Myopathy

222. Foot pain – Plantar fasciitis, Gout, Trauma

223. Joint redness with warmth – Gout, Septic arthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis

224. Muscle stiffness – Fibromyalgia, Hypothyroidism, Inflammatory myopathy

225. Back pain radiating down leg – Sciatica, Disc herniation, Spinal stenosis

Neurological / Psychiatric

226. Memory difficulty – Dementia, Vitamin B12 deficiency, Hypothyroidism

227. Confusion / disorientation – Infection, Stroke, Hypoglycemia

228. Mood swings – Depression, Bipolar disorder, Thyroid disorder

229. Anxiety / panic – Generalized anxiety, Hyperthyroidism, Panic disorder

230. Tremor in hands – Essential tremor, Parkinson’s disease, Hyperthyroidism

231. Loss of balance – Cerebellar lesion, Vestibular disorder, Peripheral neuropathy

232. Dizziness when standing – Orthostatic hypotension, Dehydration, Anemia

233. Sleepiness during day – Sleep apnea, Hypothyroidism, Medication side effect

234. Seizure in adult – Epilepsy, Stroke, CNS infection

235. Sudden vision loss – Retinal detachment, Stroke, Optic neuritis

Endocrine / Metabolic

236. Excessive thirst – Diabetes, Hypercalcemia, Diuretics

237. Increased urination – Diabetes, Diabetes insipidus, Hypercalcemia

238. Night sweats – TB, Lymphoma, Menopause

239. Weight loss with fatigue – Diabetes, Hyperthyroidism, Malignancy

240. Weight gain with edema – Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome, Kidney disease
241. Excessive hair growth – PCOS, Androgen therapy, Adrenal disorder

242. Hair thinning – Hypothyroidism, Androgenic alopecia, Nutritional deficiency

243. Cold intolerance – Hypothyroidism, Anemia, Malnutrition

244. Heat intolerance – Hyperthyroidism, Fever, Menopause

245. Fatigue with weakness – Anemia, Thyroid disorder, Chronic infection

Women’s Health / Gynecological

246. Vaginal bleeding after intercourse – Cervical erosion, Infection, Malignancy

247. Postmenopausal bleeding – Endometrial atrophy, Polyps, Cancer

248. Painful menstruation – Primary dysmenorrhea, Endometriosis, Fibroids

249. Irregular cycles – PCOS, Thyroid disorder, Stress

250. Vaginal discharge – Bacterial vaginosis, Candidiasis, Trichomoniasis

251. Breast pain – Fibrocystic changes, Mastitis, Hormonal fluctuation

252. Nipple discharge – Galactorrhea, Infection, Tumor

253. Pelvic pain – Ovarian cyst, PID, Endometriosis

254. Delayed puberty – Hypogonadism, Malnutrition, Chronic illness

255. Infertility – PCOS, Tubal block, Male factor

Pediatrics / General

256. Fever with cough – Viral infection, Pneumonia, TB

257. Rash with fever – Measles, Chickenpox, Scarlet fever

258. Recurrent infections – Immunodeficiency, Malnutrition, Leukemia

259. Poor growth – Malnutrition, Chronic disease, Congenital heart disease

260. Jaundice – Physiological, Hemolytic, Infection

261. Seizure – Febrile seizure, Epilepsy, CNS infection

262. Persistent vomiting – Pyloric stenosis, Infection, Metabolic disorder

263. Chronic diarrhea – Malabsorption, IBD, Food allergy

264. Weight loss – Chronic illness, Malnutrition, Endocrine disorder

265. Developmental delay – Cerebral palsy, Genetic syndrome, Hypothyroidism

Skin / Allergy

266. Itching with rash – Atopic dermatitis, Scabies, Drug reaction

267. Hives – Urticaria, Allergy, Infection

268. Red swelling – Cellulitis, Allergic reaction, Insect bite

269. Blisters – Chickenpox, Herpes zoster, Contact dermatitis

270. Hair loss patches – Alopecia areata, Tinea capitis, Nutritional deficiency

271. Nail changes – Fungal infection, Psoriasis, Iron deficiency

272. Skin darkening – Addison’s disease, Post-inflammatory, Medication reaction

273. Skin depigmentation – Vitiligo, Post-inflammatory, Fungal

274. Acne – Acne vulgaris, Hormonal, Drug-induced

275. Eczema – Atopic dermatitis, Contact dermatitis, Fungal infection

General / Constitutional

276. Fatigue – Anemia, Thyroid disorder, Chronic infection

277. Weakness – Electrolyte imbalance, Anemia, Chronic disease

278. Loss of appetite – Infection, Malignancy, Depression

279. Fever of unknown origin – Infection, Malignancy, Autoimmune disease

280. Night sweats – TB, Lymphoma, Menopause

281. Weight loss – Malignancy, Hyperthyroidism, Chronic infection

282. Weight gain – Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s, Medications

283. Swelling – Heart failure, Kidney disease, Liver disease

284. Malaise – Viral infection, Anemia, Chronic disease

285. Polyuria – Diabetes, Diabetes insipidus, Hypercalcemia

ENT

286. Ear discharge – Otitis media, Otitis externa, Trauma

287. Tinnitus – Presbycusis, Meniere’s disease, Noise exposure

288. Vertigo – Benign positional vertigo, Labyrinthitis, Stroke

289. Hoarseness – Laryngitis, Vocal cord nodules, Thyroid enlargement

290. Difficulty hearing – Wax impaction, Otitis media, Presbycusis

Ophthalmology

291. Blurred vision – Refractive error, Cataract, Diabetes

292. Eye redness – Conjunctivitis, Allergic, Trauma

293. Eye pain – Glaucoma, Infection, Trauma

294. Double vision – Cranial nerve palsy, Stroke, Thyroid eye disease

295. Excess tearing – Blocked tear duct, Allergic, Infection

Dental / Oral

296. Toothache – Dental caries, Pulpitis, Abscess

297. Bleeding gums – Gingivitis, Vitamin C deficiency, Coagulopathy

298. Mouth ulcers – Aphthous ulcers, Infection, Nutritional deficiency

299. Bad breath – Dental infection, Poor hygiene, GI cause

300. Jaw pain – TMJ disorder, Dental infection, Trauma

Gastrointestinal
301. Abdominal distension – Ascites, IBS, Bowel obstruction

302. Abdominal tenderness – Appendicitis, Gastritis, Pancreatitis

303. Pain after meals – Gastritis, Peptic ulcer, Gallstones

304. Right upper quadrant pain – Gallstones, Hepatitis, Liver abscess

305. Left upper quadrant pain – Splenic enlargement, Gastritis, Pancreatitis

306. Recurrent vomiting with headache – Migraine, Infection, Increased ICP

307. Blood in vomit – Peptic ulcer, Varices, Mallory-Weiss tear

308. Chronic constipation with bleeding – Hemorrhoids, Cancer, Anal fissure

309. Vomiting with dehydration – Gastroenteritis, Infection, Metabolic disorder

310. Early satiety – Gastric outlet obstruction, Tumor, Gastroparesis

Cardiovascular

311. Palpitations with fatigue – Arrhythmia, Anemia, Hyperthyroidism

312. Chest pain with radiation to arm – Myocardial infarction, Angina, Pericarditis

313. Sudden breathlessness – Pulmonary embolism, Heart failure, Pneumothorax

314. Fainting episodes – Syncope, Arrhythmia, Dehydration

315. Edema of legs – Heart failure, Kidney disease, Liver disease

316. Swelling in hands – Heart failure, Kidney disease, Allergic reaction

317. Cyanosis – Congenital heart disease, Respiratory failure, Shock

318. Sudden collapse – Cardiac arrest, Stroke, Severe arrhythmia

319. Persistent tachycardia – Hyperthyroidism, Fever, Anemia

320. Bradycardia – AV block, Hypothyroidism, Medication side effect

Musculoskeletal

321. Pain in multiple joints – Rheumatoid arthritis, Viral infection, Lupus

322. Joint deformity – Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Congenital

323. Shoulder stiffness with pain – Frozen shoulder, Arthritis, Trauma

324. Knee pain – Osteoarthritis, Meniscus injury, Gout

325. Hip pain – Osteoarthritis, Fracture, Bursitis

326. Muscle weakness – Myopathy, Neuropathy, Electrolyte imbalance

327. Muscle cramps at night – Electrolyte imbalance, Circulatory problem, Dehydration

328. Swelling of joints – Arthritis, Gout, Infection

329. Neck stiffness with fever – Meningitis, Cervical spondylosis, Trauma

330. Back pain with numbness – Sciatica, Herniated disc, Spinal stenosis

Neurological / Psychiatric

331. Tremor – Essential tremor, Parkinson’s, Hyperthyroidism

332. Memory loss – Dementia, Vitamin B12 deficiency, Hypothyroidism

333. Weakness in limbs – Stroke, Neuropathy, Myopathy

334. Facial asymmetry – Stroke, Bell’s palsy, Trauma

335. Slurred speech – Stroke, Neuromuscular disorder, Alcohol intoxication

336. Headache with fever – Meningitis, Encephalitis, Viral infection

337. Loss of consciousness – Seizure, Syncope, Trauma

338. Gait disturbance – Parkinsonism, Cerebellar disease, Stroke

339. Mood changes – Depression, Bipolar disorder, Thyroid disorder

340. Anxiety attacks – Generalized anxiety disorder, Hyperthyroidism, Panic disorder

Endocrine / Metabolic

341. Polyuria – Diabetes, Diabetes insipidus, Hypercalcemia

342. Polydipsia – Diabetes, Hypercalcemia, Medication effect

343. Polyphagia – Diabetes, Hyperthyroidism, Hyperadrenalism

344. Heat intolerance – Hyperthyroidism, Fever, Menopause

345. Cold intolerance – Hypothyroidism, Anemia, Malnutrition

346. Unexplained weight loss – Diabetes, Hyperthyroidism, Malignancy

347. Unexplained weight gain – Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s, Medications

348. Fatigue – Anemia, Thyroid disorder, Chronic infection

349. Excess hair growth – PCOS, Androgen therapy, Adrenal disorder

350. Hair loss – Alopecia, Hypothyroidism, Nutritional deficiency

Women’s Health / Gynecological

351. Vaginal discharge with itching – Candidiasis, Trichomoniasis, Bacterial vaginosis

352. Pelvic pain – Ovarian cyst, PID, Endometriosis

353. Heavy menstrual bleeding – Fibroids, Coagulopathy, Hormonal imbalance

354. Painful intercourse – Endometriosis, Vaginal dryness, Infection

355. Irregular cycles – PCOS, Thyroid disorder, Stress

356. Missed periods – Pregnancy, PCOS, Thyroid disorder

357. Postmenopausal bleeding – Endometrial atrophy, Polyps, Malignancy

358. Breast lump – Fibroadenoma, Cyst, Malignancy

359. Nipple discharge – Galactorrhea, Infection, Tumor

360. Infertility – PCOS, Tubal disease, Male factor

Pediatrics / General

361. Fever – Viral infection, UTI, Pneumonia

362. Rash – Chickenpox, Measles, Allergy

363. Cough – Viral infection, Asthma, Pertussis

364. Vomiting – Gastroenteritis, Pyloric stenosis, Infection

365. Diarrhea – Gastroenteritis, Malabsorption, Food allergy

366. Poor feeding – GERD, Congenital heart disease, Infection

367. Lethargy – Anemia, Infection, Hypoglycemia

368. Jaundice – Physiological, Hemolysis, Infection

369. Seizure – Febrile seizure, Epilepsy, CNS infection

370. Failure to thrive – Malnutrition, Chronic disease, Congenital anomaly

Skin / Allergy

371. Itching – Dermatitis, Scabies, Fungal infection

372. Rash – Allergic reaction, Viral exanthem, Drug reaction

373. Blisters – Chickenpox, Herpes zoster, Contact dermatitis

374. Hives – Urticaria, Allergy, Infection

375. Redness with swelling – Cellulitis, Allergic reaction, Trauma

376. Nail changes – Fungal infection, Psoriasis, Nutritional deficiency

377. Hair loss patches – Alopecia areata, Tinea capitis, Nutritional deficiency

378. Skin darkening – Addison’s, Post-inflammatory, Medication-induced

379. Skin depigmentation – Vitiligo, Post-inflammatory, Fungal

380. Acne – Hormonal, Acne vulgaris, Drug-induced

ENT

381. Ear pain – Otitis media, Otitis externa, TMJ disorder

382. Ear discharge – Otitis media, Otitis externa, Trauma

383. Tinnitus – Meniere’s disease, Noise exposure, Presbycusis

384. Hearing loss – Otitis media, Presbycusis, Wax impaction

385. Vertigo – Labyrinthitis, Benign positional vertigo, Stroke

386. Nasal congestion – Allergic rhinitis, Sinusitis, Cold

387. Nosebleed – Trauma, Hypertension, Epistaxis

388. Hoarseness – Laryngitis, Vocal cord nodules, Thyroid enlargement

389. Sore throat – Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis, Viral infection

390. Difficulty swallowing – Esophagitis, Stricture, Neurological disorder

Ophthalmology

391. Blurred vision – Refractive error, Cataract, Diabetes

392. Eye redness – Conjunctivitis, Allergic, Trauma

393. Eye pain – Glaucoma, Infection, Trauma

394. Double vision – Cranial nerve palsy, Stroke, Thyroid eye disease 395. Excess tearing
– Blocked tear duct, Allergic, Infection

396. Eye itching – Allergic conjunctivitis, Infection, Dry eye

397. Sudden vision loss – Retinal detachment, Stroke, Optic neuritis

398. Photophobia – Uveitis, Migraine, Meningitis

399. Floaters – Posterior vitreous detachment, Retinal tear, Diabetic retinopathy

400. Red eye with discharge – Bacterial conjunctivitis, Viral conjunctivitis, Trauma

Dental / Oral

401. Toothache – Dental caries, Pulpitis, Abscess

402. Bleeding gums – Gingivitis, Vitamin C deficiency, Coagulopathy

403. Mouth ulcers – Aphthous ulcers, Infection, Nutritional deficiency

404. Bad breath – Dental infection, Poor hygiene, GI cause

405. Jaw pain – TMJ disorder, Dental infection, Trauma

406. Swelling in gums – Abscess, Gingivitis, Infection

407. Loose teeth – Periodontitis, Trauma, Nutritional deficiency

408. Pain on chewing – Dental caries, TMJ disorder, Trauma

409. Burning sensation in mouth – Oral candidiasis, Nutritional deficiency, Neuropathy

410. Dry mouth – Dehydration, Medication side effect, Sjogren’s syndrome

General / Constitutional

411. Fatigue – Anemia, Thyroid disorder, Chronic infection

412. Weakness – Electrolyte imbalance, Anemia, Chronic illness

413. Fever – Infection, Inflammatory disease, Malignancy

414. Weight loss – Chronic illness, Malignancy, Hyperthyroidism

415. Weight gain – Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome, Medications

416. Night sweats – Infection, Lymphoma, Menopause

417. Malaise – Viral infection, Anemia, Chronic disease

418. Sweating excessively – Hyperthyroidism, Anxiety, Menopause

419. Swelling – Heart failure, Kidney disease, Liver disease

420. Generalized pain – Fibromyalgia, Infection, Rheumatologic disease

Musculoskeletal / Neuro
421. Weakness in one limb – Stroke, Peripheral neuropathy, Injury

422. Loss of sensation – Neuropathy, Stroke, Vitamin B12 deficiency

423. Tingling sensation – Peripheral neuropathy, Compression neuropathy, Vitamin

deficiency

424. Muscle twitching – Electrolyte imbalance, Neuropathy, Motor neuron disease

425. Joint stiffness – Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis

426. Pain with movement – Arthritis, Trauma, Infection

427. Muscle wasting – Neuropathy, Myopathy, Malnutrition

428. Numbness in fingers – Carpal tunnel, Neuropathy, Cervical radiculopathy

429. Back stiffness – Spondylosis, Muscle spasm, Disc herniation

430. Neck pain – Cervical spondylosis, Muscle strain, Meningitis

Pediatrics / Miscellaneous

431. Persistent cough – Asthma, TB, Pertussis

432. Recurrent ear infections – Otitis media, Immunodeficiency, Eustachian tube

dysfunction

433. Failure to thrive – Malnutrition, Chronic disease, Congenital disorder

434. Delayed milestones – Cerebral palsy, Hypothyroidism, Genetic syndrome

435. Persistent diarrhea – Malabsorption, IBD, Infection

436. Recurrent vomiting – Gastroenteritis, Pyloric stenosis, Metabolic disorder

437. Poor weight gain – Malnutrition, Chronic illness, Congenital heart disease

438. Neonatal jaundice – Physiological, Hemolysis, Infection

439. Seizures in child – Febrile seizure, Epilepsy, CNS infection

440. Behavioral problems – ADHD, Autism spectrum, Learning disorder

Skin / Allergy

441. Eczema – Atopic dermatitis, Contact dermatitis, Fungal infection

442. Psoriasis – Plaque psoriasis, Guttate psoriasis, Drug-induced

443. Acne vulgaris – Hormonal, Drug-induced, Acne vulgaris

444. Hives – Allergic reaction, Infection, Urticaria

445. Insect bite reaction – Local allergy, Infection, Cellulitis

446. Scabies – Sarcoptes infection, Dermatitis, Allergy

447. Fungal infection – Tinea corporis, Tinea cruris, Candidiasis

448. Bacterial skin infection – Cellulitis, Impetigo, Abscess

449. Burns – Thermal, Chemical, Electrical

450. Pressure sores – Immobility, Diabetes, Malnutrition

ENT / Ophthalmology / Dental

451. Sinus pain – Sinusitis, Migraine, Dental cause

452. Ear fullness – Otitis media, Wax impaction, Eustachian tube dysfunction

453. Nose blockage – Allergic rhinitis, Deviated septum, Sinusitis

454. Eye discharge – Conjunctivitis, Blocked tear duct, Trauma

455. Eye swelling – Allergic reaction, Infection, Trauma

456. Tooth sensitivity – Dental caries, Enamel erosion, Gum recession

457. Jaw stiffness – TMJ disorder, Trauma, Arthritis

458. Mouth ulcers recurrent – Aphthous ulcers, Vitamin deficiency, Immunodeficiency

459. Bad taste in mouth – Dental infection, GI cause, Medication side effect

460. Swollen tonsils – Tonsillitis, Mononucleosis, Infection

Constitutional / General / Miscellaneous

461. Fever with chills – Malaria, Sepsis, Infection

462. Persistent fatigue – Anemia, Thyroid disorder, Chronic illness

463. Night sweats – TB, Malignancy, Menopause

464. Weight changes – Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome

465. Weakness – Electrolyte imbalance, Anemia, Chronic illness

466. Dizziness – Vertigo, Hypotension, Anemia

467. Fainting spells – Syncope, Arrhythmia, Hypoglycemia

468. Sweating – Hyperthyroidism, Anxiety, Menopause

469. Malaise – Viral infection, Anemia, Chronic illness

470. Pain with fever – Infection, Rheumatologic disease, Malignancy

Pediatrics / Women / Misc

471. Vomiting in infant – Pyloric stenosis, GERD, Infection

472. Chronic cough in child – Asthma, TB, Allergic bronchitis

473. Recurrent infections – Immunodeficiency, Malnutrition, Chronic illness 474. Poor

school performance – Learning disorder, ADHD, Visual/hearing problem

475. Abdominal pain

Gastrointestinal

476. Chronic abdominal pain – IBS, Peptic ulcer, Chronic gastritis

477. Pain in right lower quadrant – Appendicitis, Crohn’s disease, Ovarian cyst

478. Pain in left lower quadrant – Diverticulitis, Constipation, IBS

479. Blood in stool with mucus – IBD, Infection, Colon cancer

480. Chronic nausea with weight loss – Gastroparesis, Malignancy, Chronic infection

Cardiovascular / Circulatory

481. Chest tightness on exertion – Angina, COPD, Anxiety

482. Swelling of lower limbs – Heart failure, Nephrotic syndrome, Liver disease

483. Cyanosis – Congenital heart disease, Severe lung disease, Shock

484. Palpitations with dizziness – Arrhythmia, Anxiety, Hyperthyroidism

485. Persistent tachycardia – Fever, Hyperthyroidism, Anxiety

Musculoskeletal / Neuro
486. Muscle weakness with fatigue – Myopathy, Hypothyroidism, Electrolyte imbalance

487. Joint pain with swelling – RA, Osteoarthritis, Gout

488. Back pain radiating to leg – Sciatica, Disc herniation, Spinal stenosis

489. Neck stiffness with headache – Meningitis, Cervical spondylosis, Muscle spasm

490. Limb numbness or tingling – Peripheral neuropathy, Radiculopathy, Vitamin

deficiency
Skin / Allergy

491. Itching with redness – Allergic dermatitis, Eczema, Scabies

492. Rashes with fever – Measles, Scarlet fever, Drug reaction

493. Blisters – Herpes zoster, Contact dermatitis, Chickenpox

494. Hair loss – Telogen effluvium, Alopecia areata, Thyroid disorder

495. Nail changes – Fungal infection, Psoriasis, Nutritional deficiency

ENT / Ophthalmology / Dental

496. Ear pain with discharge – Otitis media, Otitis externa, Trauma

497. Nosebleeds – Trauma, Hypertension, Coagulopathy

498. Eye pain with redness – Conjunctivitis, Keratitis, Glaucoma

499. Toothache – Dental caries, Pulpitis, Abscess

500. Mouth ulcers – Aphthous ulcer, Infection, Vitamin deficiency

General OPD Framework

1. Fever / Infectious

Category Drug Class Example Brand Duration Notes / Advice

Viral Fever Antipyretic Paracetamol (Dolo 650) 3–5 days Fluids, rest
Bacterial Respiratory Antibiotic Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (Augmentin 625) 5–7
days Take after food
Typhoid Antibiotic Cefixime / Ofloxacin 7–10 days Avoid spicy food
UTI Antibiotic Nitrofurantoin / Cefixime 5–7 days Increase water intake
Skin/Soft Tissue Antibiotic Cefadroxil / Amoxicillin-Clav 5–7 days
Wound hygiene

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2. Gastrointestinal

Condition Drug Class Example Brand Duration Advice

Gastritis / Acidity PPI Pantoprazole (Pan 40) 10–14 days Empty stomach,
avoid NSAIDs
GERD PPI + Prokinetic Pantocid DSR 14 days No late meals
Constipation Laxative Cremaffin Plus As needed Fibre, fluids
Diarrhoea Probiotic + ORS Econorm + ORS 3–5 days Hydration
IBS Antispasmodic Mebeverine (Colospa) 5–10 days Stress management

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3. Respiratory / Allergy

Condition Drug Class Example Brand Duration Advice

Common Cold Antihistamine Levocet (Levocetirizine) 5–7 days Steam
inhalation
Bronchitis Antibiotic + Expectorant Azithral + Ascoril LS 5 days Warm fluids
Asthma (mild) Inhaler Budecort + Levolin As advised Check inhaler
technique
Allergic Rhinitis Antihist + Steroid Spray Montair-LC + Flomist 10 days
Avoid dust exposure

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4. Musculoskeletal / Injuries

Condition Drug Class Example Brand Duration Advice

Sprain / Strain NSAID + Muscle relaxant Myospaz / Dolo 650 3–5 days Rest,
ice, compression
Back Pain NSAID + Topical Gel Etoshine / Volini 5 days Posture correction
Wound / Laceration Antibiotic + Tetanus Augmentin + TT inj 5–7 days Dressing
daily
Burn (minor) Topical Silverex cream Until healed Keep clean, dry
Contusion Analgesic Dolo / Zerodol-P 3 days Cold compress

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5. Metabolic / Chronic

Condition Drug Class Example Brand Advice

Hypertension ARB / CCB Telma / Amlodac Check BP weekly

Diabetes Biguanide / Sulfonylurea Metformin / Glimepiride Diet & sugar
monitoring
Hypothyroidism Thyroxine Thyronorm Morning empty stomach
Hyperlipidaemia Statin Atorlip Night dose
Gout Xanthine oxidase inhibitor Febustat Avoid alcohol, red meat

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6. Neuro / Psych

Condition Drug Class Example Brand Duration Advice

Headache Analgesic Dolo / Naprosyn 3 days Hydration

Migraine Triptan / Prophylactic Suminat / Flunarizine As needed Sleep
hygiene
Anxiety / Insomnia Anxiolytic (short course) Etizola / Alprax ≤7 days Avoid
long-term use
Neuropathy Vitamin B complex Neurobion Forte 30 days Exercise

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7. Skin
Condition Drug Class Example Brand Duration Advice

Acne Antibiotic + Retinoid Clindac A / Adapalene 6–8 weeks Gentle cleanser

Fungal Infection Antifungal Luliconazole / Itraconazole 2–4 weeks Keep area
dry
Allergic Rash Antihistamine + Mild Steroid Atarax / Candid-B 7 days Avoid
scratching
Eczema Moisturiser + Steroid Atopiclair + Desowen 2 weeks
Hydration

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8. Miscellaneous

Condition Drug Class Example Brand Advice

Anaemia Iron + Folic Acid Autrin / Livogen Iron-rich diet

Vitamin D Deficiency Vitamin D3 D-rise 60k weekly × 8 Sun exposure Worm
Infestation Antihelminthic Zentel 400 mg single dose Deworm every 6 months
Weakness Multivitamin Supradyn / Revital Balanced diet
Preventive Vaccine TT / Hepatitis B As per schedule

Common opd based prescription

Pain / Fever / Inflammation

Tab. Dolo 650 mg – 1 TDS after food

Tab. Zerodol-P (aceclofenac + paracetamol) – 1 BD after meals × 3 days
Tab. Naprosyn 250 mg – 1 BD × 3 days
Tab. Myoril 8 mg – 1 BD for muscle spasm
Tab. Ultracet (Tramadol + Paracetamol) – SOS severe pain

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💊 Antibiotic Base Set (use only when clearly indicated)

Tab. Augmentin 625 mg – 1 TDS × 5–7 days

Tab. Azithral 500 mg – 1 OD × 3 days
Cap. Cefixime 200 mg – 1 BD × 5 days
Tab. Oflox-OZ – 1 BD × 5 days
Tab. Doxy 100 mg – 1 BD × 7 days (take with plenty of water)
Tab. Nitrofurantoin 100 mg – 1 BD × 5 days (UTI)

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🌡 Gastric / Acid Peptic

Tab. Pan 40 mg – 1 OD before breakfast × 10 days

Tab. Nexpro L (esomeprazole + levosulpiride) – 1 OD × 10 days
Syp. Digene / Mucaine Gel – 2 tsp TDS after food

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💧 Gut / Diarrhoea / Constipation

ORS sachet – sip through the day

Cap. Econorm 250 mg – 1 BD × 5 days
Tab. Norflox-TZ – 1 BD × 5 days (avoid in pregnancy)
Liq. Cremaffin Plus – 2 tsp HS till relief
Tab. Zentel 400 mg – single dose for deworming

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🫁 Respiratory / Allergy

Tab. Levocet 5 mg – 1 HS × 5 days

Tab. Montair-LC – 1 HS × 10 days
Syp. Ascoril LS / D – 5 mL TDS × 5 days
Nasal Spray Flomist – 1 spray each nostril BD × 7 days
Inhaler Budecort 200 + Levolin – 1 puff BD if bronchospasm

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🩸 Metabolic / Chronic

Tab. Telma 40 mg – 1 OD morning (BP)

Tab. Amlodac 5 mg – 1 OD evening (BP)
Tab. Atorlip 10 mg – 1 HS (cholesterol)
Tab. Metformin 500 mg – 1 BD after meals (sugar)
Tab. Amaryl 1 mg – 1 OD before breakfast
Tab. Thyronorm 50 µg – 1 OD empty stomach (monitor TSH)

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🧠 Neuro / Psych

Tab. Flunarizine 10 mg – 1 HS (migraine prophylaxis)

Tab. Suminat 50 mg – SOS migraine attack
Tab. Etizola 0.25 mg – 1 HS × 5 days (insomnia/anxiety short course)
Tab. Neurobion Forte – 1 OD (neuropathy)

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🦴 Injuries / Wound Care

Tab. Zerodol-P / Dolokind Plus – 1 BD × 5 days

Oint. Silverex cream – apply BD (burns)
Oint. Soframycin – apply BD (minor cuts)
Inj. TT 0.5 mL IM – single dose post wound
Tab. Augmentin 625 mg – 1 TDS × 5 days (if dirty wound)
Liq. Betadine – clean twice daily

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🧴 Skin

Gel Clindac A – apply HS (acne)

Cream Luliconazole 1 % – apply OD × 2–4 weeks (fungal)
Cream Candid-B – apply BD (allergic rash short term)
Cream Desowen – mild steroid apply HS × 7 days (eczema)

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💊 Vitamins / Support

Tab. Autrin / Livogen-Z – 1 OD × 30 days (anaemia)

Cap. D-Rise 60k – 1 weekly × 8 weeks (Vit D) Tab.
Becosules / Supradyn – 1 OD × 30 days
ORS + Glucose water – for fatigue / heat

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󰰢 Women’s Health (basic OPD)

Tab. Meftal-Spas – 1 TDS × 2 days (dysmenorrhoea)

Tab. Folvite 5 mg – 1 OD (pregnancy / anaemia)
Tab. Dydrogesterone 10 mg – 1 BD as advised (luteal support)
Tab. Levofem / Ovral-L – as per cycle (OCP)

Paediatric OPD Core Medications

1. Fever / Infection

Tab. Dolo 250 mg / Syrup Dolo 125 mg/5 mL – as per weight (10–15 mg/kg)
Syp. Crocin Baby 125 mg/5 mL – SOS fever
Syp. Azithral 200 mg/5 mL – 10 mg/kg OD × 3 days (bacterial)
Syp. Cefixime 100 mg/5 mL – 8 mg/kg BD × 5–7 days
ORS sachet – as tolerated

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2. Respiratory / Allergy
Syrup Levocet 2.5 mg/5 mL – 0.05 mg/kg HS × 5 days
Syrup Ascoril LS / D – 5 mL TDS × 5 days (≥2 yrs)
Nebulization Salbutamol 2.5 mg / Budecort 0.5 mg – 1–2 puffs BD as needed

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3. Gastrointestinal

ORS sachet – sip through day

Syrup Econorm 125 mg/5 mL – 1 tsp BD × 5 days
Syrup Cremaffin Plus – 1 tsp HS for constipation
Syrup Zinc + Vit A / D – 1 tsp BD × 10 days (supportive)

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4. Skin / Rashes

Oint. Soframycin / Silverex – apply BD

Oint. Luliconazole 1% – apply OD × 2–4 weeks
Oint. Candid-B / Hydrocortisone 1% – apply BD × 5–7 days

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5. Vitamins / Support

Tab. Autrin Junior / Syrup Livogen – 1 tsp OD (iron)

Syrup Neurobion Baby – 1 tsp OD × 30 days

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🆘 Emergency / First-Aid OPD Kit

1. Injuries / Wounds

Inj. TT 0.5 mL IM – for dirty wounds

Oint. Soframycin / Silverex cream – BD
Liq. Betadine – clean twice daily
Tab. Augmentin 625 mg / Cefixime 200 mg – BD × 5–7 days if infection risk
Ice pack / cold compress – sprain / contusion
---

2. Burns / Minor Trauma

Oint. Silverex / Soframycin – apply BD

Pain relief: Dolo 650 mg / Zerodol-P × 3 days
Dressings: sterile gauze + adhesive

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3. Sprain / Strain / Fracture (minor)

Tab. Zerodol-P / Naprosyn – 3–5 days

Myoril 8 mg – muscle spasm BD × 3–5 days
R.I.C.E. protocol: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
Splints / support bandage as needed

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4. Allergic Reactions

Tab. Levocet 5 mg / Syrup Levocet – 5–7 days

Tab. Montair-LC / Syrup – 10 days
Inj. Hydrocortisone 100 mg IM – moderate reaction
Adrenaline 0.3 mg IM (Epipen / Inj.) – severe anaphylaxis, only emergency

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5. Other Essentials

ORS / Glucose water – dehydration

Syrup Crocin / Dolo – fever / pain
Antiseptic spray / ointments – minor cuts
Bandages / gauze / plasters – dressing