PROYECTO: “DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA MAQUETA DE UNA CASA” 1

DIDACTIC UNIT 1: DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A HOUSE MODEL

Introduction.
As an application of what has been seen regarding technical drawing and construction materials, it
proposes the following project:

Statement of the problem.

Design and build a model of a house at a scale of 1:20, including interior furniture.

Design conditions.
Materials to be used: cardboard, cardstock, ribbon, other recycled materials from the workshop
or home.
The model him will build about a base cardboardof dimensions: 50cm x
50 cm. The model can be one or two stories.
It must be built of such a way what subsequently can be carried outthe
electrical installation.
About 8 workshop classes will be used for the work, and the tasks can be finished at home.

Conditions for carrying out the work.

Each group member will create an individual design of the house model (Preliminary Project).
in which it will be specified

1..Drawing of the set (outlined plan of the floor, elevation and at least
from one of the profiles of the house).
2. Descrpitoin of the work to be carreid out.

3. List of materials.
Once all the group members have completed their preliminary project
himself
will chooseone of the designs proposed, the which can to be modified
subsequently as work progresses
When the work is sufficiently advanced, all members of the group will prepare.
a report of the same with the points indicated by the professor.

How to start designing the model?

Floor plan of a house.

In the following figure you can observe the plane

from the floor plan of a royal house; this will help you in the
design of the house plan. You can also consult the
photocopies delivered to your group in which appear
the most common dimensions of the different
elements of a house.

We will make the model at a scale of 1:20.

regarding a real house, that is to say, 20 times more
small. Therefore, what would actually be a meter
(100 cm), we will build it to

5 cm (100 / 20 = 5 cm.).
 PROYECTO: “DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA MAQUETA DE UNA CASA” 2

How to draw the plant?

We have a "plot" of 50 cm x 50 cm (if we multiply by 20, we can check that the

the actual surface of the land is 10 m x 10 m); so we will have to 'design a house with an area of 100m2
at most.

We will draw the floor plan at a scale of 1:5 relative to the size that our model will have.

To design the plant, we draw the cardboard that will serve as the base at a scale of 1:5. and inside.
We will draw the floor plan of the house (remember that the scale is 1:5, what you draw at 1 cm will be built at 5 cm)
cm.)
500

The elevation and the sides of the house.

Draw the front part of the house.

If in a real house the ceiling is at 3 m, we will build it at 15 cm (scale and it

We will draw at 3 cm (scale 1:5).
 PROJECT: 'DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A HOUSE MODEL' 3

Project description.
A brief summary of the proposed idea will be made, type of house to be built, materials that will be used.
they expect to use and any other idea on how to build the different elements.
List of materials.

A list of the materials that are considered to be used will be made.

IDEAS FOR THE DESIGN CONSTRUCTION (measures in meters)
 PROYECTO: “DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA MAQUETA DE UNA CASA” 4

THE PROJECT METHOD

Technology is the answer with which humanity has sought to meet its needs.
long of its existence.
At first, the process to address a need was carried out in a rather unorganized manner,
testing various objects until finding the one that solved the problem. Throughout the
Throughout the history of humanity, we have been perfecting the process, and now, fundamentally due to
to industrial development, we have very refined methods to solve technical problems that
we consider.

The Project Method begins with the detection of a problem or need that we want.
resolve through a technical object.

STAGES OF THE PROJECT METHOD

Detect a problem or need Definition of the problem.

Elements of the problem

Research and document yourself Data collection.

Data analysis.

Explore solution alternatives. Creativity

Technology Materials
Experimentation

Concretize a solution Models

Constructive drawings

Prepare and plan the work Planning

Build the product Models

Check the result Solution and Verification

1. Detect a problem: or a need.

Este es el primer paso del proceso y el que da sentido al resto. Debemos ser conscientes de la
existence of a problem to be solved.
At this stage, we need to try to establish an accurate and comprehensive description of the function.
what the object or system to be projected must fulfill. It is also advisable to conduct a study of the
preconditions that must be met (time, economic conditions, material means,
necessary knowledge, etc.).
2. Research and document.
In this phase, data is collected, analyzed, and selected regarding the type of information that may be useful.
to solve the problem.
There are different procedures to obtain information:

- Consult books, magazines, and commercial catalogs.

- Interview with different people: users, specialists, merchants.

- Analyze different types of products: their aspect, its functioning or

how they are constituted, they can give us ideas for our designs.
 PROYECTO: “DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA MAQUETA DE UNA CASA” 5

This is the time to seek and acquire the scientific and technological knowledge that is
precise.
3. Explore alternative solutions.

It is time to seek different solutions. It is advisable to propose several alternatives.

to have options when it comes to choosing.

When we design a product, we have to put into motion all our samples.
creative capacity, trying to overcome any blockage to the imagination.

4. Specify a solution,

The selection between design alternatives is always made based on defined criteria.
precedence. To facilitate the selection process, we can use a valuation chart like this.
what appears in the figure:

Tras elegir una alternativa, es preciso desarrollarla: tornar decisiones sobre los materiales, los
details, the unions, the functioning of each part, the dimensions, etc.
In this process, we will help ourselves with graphic resources.

We can also assist ourselves in this decision-making process (especially regarding the
global dimensions) building models or prototypes.
 PROYECTO: “DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA MAQUETA DE UNA CASA” 6

Prepare and plan the work.

In this phase, specify the tasks and the necessary means to build the product.

Next, we will focus on acquiring both the materials and the tools.
precise.

We will need to have a work plan that includes:

- The definition and sequence of tasks.

- The distribution of tasks.

- The distribution, temporal of tasks.

6. Build the product.

We will build the different pieces, assemble the sets, and finish the details.
finished.

7. Check the result.

We will verify if the constructed product meets the previously established requirements and by
So it solves the proposed problem.
It is possible that we may have to introduce modifications and reconsider some aspect of the idea
initial until achieving the pursued objective.
 PROJECT: "DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A HOUSE MODEL" 7

CREATION OF THE PROJECT REPORT

As a complement to the construction work, a report on the work done will be prepared that
will contain the following sections:

1. Portada, Título: “Maqueta de una casa”, nombre del alumno y grupo.

2. Index of documents, himself

they will indicate
neatly the documents a
present and its page number.

3. Presentation y description global of the project. Planteamiento del

problema, condiciones y solución adoptada (describir cómo se ha construido la casa:
rooms, materials, details, etc.

Plans. They will be drawn on DINA4 format sheets of white paper at a scale of 1:5. It should be
include: floor plan, with or without furniture, and main facade.

5. Construction planning. A list will be prepared with all the operations that have been carried out.
developing to build the model in the form of a diagram.

Design the layout of the

house

Draw the floor plan above

a cardboard base.

6. Self-assessment of the result, opinion on how the work turned out, how the group worked.
how it could have been done better.

PROJECT EVALUATION

The final result of the model will be evaluated taking into account the following factors:
final finish, complexity, aesthetics, approach to a real house.

The Project Memory will be evaluated out of 10 taking into account the following factors:
presentation, extension and contents.
The grade of each student will be obtained according to the criteria reflected in the following table:

Student's note Preliminary project Construction Final memory

10 1.5 5 3.5
 PROYECTO: “DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA MAQUETA DE UNA CASA” 8

1.- PRESENTATION AND DESCRIPTION

In technology class, we have built a model of a house following the proposal made by the
professor
PROPOSAL
Statement of the problem.

Design and build a model of a house at a 1:20 scale, with interior furnishings.

Design conditions.
Materials to be used: cardboard, cardstock, ribbon, other recycled materials from the workshop
or from home.

The model himself

will build about a base cardboardof dimensions: 50cm x
50cm. The model can be one or two stories.
It must be built of such a way what subsequently can be carried outthe
electrical installation.
About 8 workshop classes will be used for the work, and the tasks can be finished at home.

Description of our work.

To solve the proposed exercise, we have decided to build a model with the rooms that
you can have a normal apartment:

A medium-sized living room, a spacious kitchen, three bedrooms (one larger because it is)
of marriage), a bathroom, and a toilet. According to the proposed plan our
design would be the reproduction to scale 1:20 of a 100 m apartment2. Since the teacher allows us to dedicate something
From outer space to garden area, we will dedicate the front part of the house to a small garden.
MATERIALS AND DETAILS

The main material for making the model has been cardboard. The type used has been of
thick thickness because it provides strength to our work. To reinforce the corners we have used
pine strip of 20 cm x 20 cm.
For the construction of the windows, we have used cellophane paper that simulates glass and
cardboard to simulate the window frames. We have cut the doors of the house with the same.
cardboard that we use for the walls.

For the construction of the furniture we have used different materials. To make tables, chairs and
we use cardboard to simulate boards and sticks to make the legs. The cabinets we
we make with cardboard.
Para la confección de muchos elementos de mobiliario interior hemos utilizado materiales
recycled, for example, for the sink a piece of a stopper, to make a faucet a nail, to simulate a
ceramic glass a piece of black plastic.
In the garden we have built a fence with sticks and we have taken advantage of a branch from a tree to
to act like a tree.

Finally, we have painted the house with tempera. The exterior facade is white, with a baseboard.
brown that simulates stone. The doors and window frames in brown resembling wood.
We painted different rooms in different colors: red, blue, green, and the kitchen and bathrooms in white.
to give a uniform appearance, the entire floor has been painted a light brown tone imitating the
parquet.
 PROYECTO: “DISEÑO Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA MAQUETA DE UNA CASA” 9

2.- PLANS

Measurements in cm
PROJECT: 'DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A HOUSE MODEL' 10