Solution

PERIODIC ASSESSMENT2

Class 11 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(b) 1

400

Explanation:
1
By inspection we get an = 2
, as
n2 ⋅(n+1)

a1 = 2
1

2
=
1

4
1 ⋅(1+1)

a2 = 2
1

2
=
1

36
2 ⋅(2+1)

and a3 = 2
1

2
=
1

144
3 ⋅(3+1)

1 1
∴ a4 = 2 2
=
400
4 ⋅(4+1)

2.
(c) > 8xyz
Explanation:
Since we know that
x+y y+z z+x −−
A.M. > G.M., 2
−−
> √xy , 2
−−
> √yz and 2
> √zx

Multiplying the three inequalities, we obtain

x+y y+z y+z −−−−−−−−− −
⋅ ⋅ > √(xy)(yz)(zx)
2 2 2

or, (x + y) (y + z) (z + x) > 8 xyz

3.
(b) function whose domain ⊆ N
Explanation:
Definition.
A sequence is a function f : N → X having domain ⊆ N.

4.
(d) H.P.
Explanation:
a+c
If the numbers a, b, c are in A.P. we have b = 2
....(i)
Since a, mb, c are in G.P. we get (mb)2 = ac ....(ii)
2

Now m2b =
2(mb) 2ac
=
2b a+c

⇒ a, m2b, c are in H.P.

5. (a) m n

Explanation:
Let the terms in a GP be a,ar,a, ar, ar , ar , … … … 2 3

Product of odd number of terms ( let number of terms be 'n' , n is odd )

2 3 n−1
= a ⋅ ar ⋅ ar ⋅ ar … ar

n 2 3 n−1
= a ⋅ (1 ⋅ r ⋅ r ⋅ r …r )

n 1+2+3+⋯+n−1
= a ,r
(n−1)n
n(n+1)
= a
n
⋅ r 2 [The sum of first n natural numbers = 2
]

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 (n−1)

We have the middle term = m = ar 2 ......(i)

n(n−1) (n−1) n

∴ Product of odd number of terms = a n

⋅ r 2 = (ar 2 ) = m [using (i)]
n

6.
(d) A.P.
Explanation:
If a, b, c are in G.P. we have b

a
=
c

b c
So log( a
) = log( b
)

a
⇒ log b - log a = log c - log b [∵ log( b
) = log a - log b]
⇒ 2log b = log c + log a
⇒ log a, log b, log c are in A.P.

7. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
−2 −7
Assertion: If 7
, K, 2
are in G.P.
a2 a3
Then, a1
=
a2
a2 a3 a
[∵ common ratio (r) = a1
=
a2
=
4

a3
= ...]
−7

k 2
∴ =
−2 k

7 −7 1
⇒ k = ×
−2 2 k

⇒ 7k × 2k = -7 × (-2)
⇒ 14k2 = 14
⇒ k2 = 1 ⇒ k = ± 1
Hence, Assertion and Reason both are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
8.
(c) 96
Explanation:
Here, a = 3, r = 6

3
= 2 and l = 12288
∴ 8th term from the end = l

(8−1)
=
l

7
=
12288

7
=
12288

128
= 96
r r 2

Therefore, the required 8th term from the end is 96.

9.
(d) a(b2 + c2) = c(a2 + b2)
Explanation:
Since a, b, c are in G.P. we get b2 = ac ....(i)
Consider a(b2 + c2)
Now a(b2 + c2) = a(ac + c2) = a2c + ac2 = c(a2 + ac) = c(a2 + b2) [using (i)]

10.
(c) 128
Explanation:
Let a be the first term and r be the common ratio of the G.P
Given T4 = 2 ⇒ ar3 = 2

Then product of the first 7 terms = a ⋅ ar ⋅ ar 2

⋅ ar
3
⋅ ar
4
⋅ ar
5
⋅ ar
6
= a7r21 = (ar3)7 = 27 = 128

11.
16
(d) 81

Explanation:

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 The probability that the outcome of a single throw of a die is any one of 4, 3, 4, 5 and 5 is equal to 4

6
=
2

3
of the die is rolled
four times, the required probability is equal to
4
2 16
( ) =
3 81

12. (a) P(A ∩ B ∩ C) = 0

Explanation:
P(A ∩ B ∩ C) = 0
3
13. (a) 8

Explanation:
Probability of getting a head in a single coin, p = 1

Probability of getting a tail in a single coin, q = 1

∴ Probability of getting exactly two heads

2 4−2
= 4
C2 × (
1

2
) × (
1

2
)

2 2
= 4×3

2
× (
1

2
) × (
1

2
)

1 1 3
=6× 4
×
4
=
8

14.
(c) 13
4

Explanation:
If A and B denote the events of drawing a king and a spade card, respectively, then event A consists of four sample points,
whereas event B consists of 13 sample points.
Thus, P(A) = and P(B) = 4

52
13

52

The compound event (A ∩ B) consists of only one sample point, king of a spade.
So, P(A ∩ B) = 152
By addition theorem , we get
P (A ∪ B) = P(A) + P (B) − P (A ∩ B)
= +
52
4
− = =
13

52 52
1 16

52 13
4

Hence, the probability that the card is drawn is either a king or a spade is given by 4

13

15. (a) 1

Explanation:
We know that 7k, K∈ N, has 1, 3, 9, 7 at the unit's place for k = 4p, 4p - 1, 4p - 2, 4p - 3 respectively, where p = 1, 2, 3,.....
Clearly, 7m + 7n will be divisible by 5 if 7m has 3 or 7 in the unit's place and 7n has 7 or 3 in the unit's place or 7m has 1 or 9 in
the unit's place and 7n has 9 or 1 in the unit's place.
Thus, for any choice of m,n the digit in the unit's place of 7m = 7n is 2, 4, 6, 0 or 8. It is divisible by 5 only when this digit is 0.
Hence, required probability = 1

16. (a) 44

85×49

Explanation:
Total cards = 52
There are four suits of cards in a pack, i.e. diamond, heart, spade and club.
P( all 4 cards are of same suit ) = P( all 4 cards are of diamond ) + P(all 4 cards are of heart) + P( all 4 cards are of spade ) + P(
all 4 cards are of club )
=4× × ×
13

52
×
12

51
11

50
10

49

=4× 11

85×49

= 85×49
44

17.
(c) 10
1

Explanation:

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 ABCDEF is a regular hexagon. Total number of triangles 6C3 = 20. (Since no three points are collinear). Of these only △ ACE;
△ BDF are equilateral triangles.
Therefore, required probability = 2

20
=
1

10

18.
(c) 2

Explanation:
2

We know that the bag contains 5 (black), 4W (white) and 3R (red) balls.
Now,
5
P (B) =
12
3
P (R) =
12

P(B or R) = P(B) + P(R)

5 3
= +
12 12
8 2
= 12
=
3

19.
(d) P (M) + P (N) – P (M ∩ N)
Explanation:
Given that M and N are two events, By General Addition Rule, P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P (B) – P(A ∩ B)
∴ P(M ∪ N) = P(M) + P(N) – P(M ∩ N).

Hence, the correct option is P (M) + P (N) – P (M ∩ N)

20.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
4 4
Required probability = 52
×
52
2
1 1 1
= × = ( )
13 13 13

Section B
21. Given: a = (−1) n ⋅ 5
n−1 n+1

Putting n = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, we get,

1−1 1+1 0 2
a1 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = 1 × 25 = 25

2−1 2+1 1 3
a2 = (−1) 5 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = −1 × 125 = −125

3−1 3+1 2 4
a3 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = 1 × 625 = 625

4−1 4+1 3 5
a4 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = −1 × 3125 = −3125

5−1 5+1 4 6
a5 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = (−1) ⋅ 5 = 1 × 15625 = 15625

Therefore, the first five terms are 25, -125, 625, -3125 and 15625.
22. Let S = 2 + 3 + 6 + 11 + 18 + ... + Tn ...(i)
or S = 2 + 3 + 6 + 11 + ... + Tn ...(ii)
On subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i), we get
0 = 2 + 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... - Tn
⇒ Tn = 2 + [1 + 3 + 5 + ... (n - 1) term
n−1
⇒ Tn = 2 + 2
[2 + (n - 1 - 1) 2]

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 n−1
[∵ Sn-1 = 2
[2a + (n - 2) d]

⇒ Tn = 2 + (n - 1)2

∴ T50 = 2 + (50 - 1)2 = 492 + 2

= 2401 + 2 = 2403
23. We have to prove: (a2 + b2), (ab + bc), (b2 + c2)(are in G.P.)
Here,it is given: a, b, c are in G.P.
formula used: When a, b, c are in G.P. b2 = ac
Proof: When a, b, c are in G.P.,
b2 = ac ......(i)
Considering (a2 + b2), (ab + bc), (b2 + c2)
(ab + bc)2 = (a2b2 + 2ab2c + b2c2)
= (a2b2 + ab2c + ab2c + b2c2)
= (a2b2 + b4 + a2c2 + b2c2) [From eqn.(i)]
= [b2(a2 + b2) + c2(a2 + b2)]
(ab + bc)2 = [(b2 + c2)(a2 + b2)]
From the above equation we can say that (a2 + b2), (ab + bc), (b2 + c2) are in G.P.
Therefore, the given terms (a2 + b2), (ab + bc), (b2 + c2) are in G.P.
24. We can write from the question,
Suppose the second car overtakes the first car after t hours. Then the two cars travel the same distance in t hours.
Distance travelled by the first car in t hours = 10 t km.
Distance travelled by the second car in t hours
= Sum of t terms of an A.P. with first term 8 and common difference 1

2
t(t+31)
= t

2
{2 × 8 + (t - 1) × } = 1

2 4

When the second car overtakes the first car. The distance travelled by both cars is same.
t(t+31)
∴ 10 t = 4
⇒ t(t - 9) = 0
t=9
Thus, the second car will overtake the first car in 9 hours.
25. There are 13 letters in the word ASSASSINATION of which 6 are vowels and 7 are consonants.
In all there are 13 letters. So, total possible outcomes = 13
Out of 6 vowels, 1 vowel can be selected in 6 ways.
So, number of favourable outcomes = 6
∴ P( 1 vowel selected) =
6

13

26. In tossing three coins, then the sample space of the event is given by
S = {HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT}. And, therefore, n(S) = 8.
Let E1 = event of getting all heads. Then,
E1 = {HHH} and, therefore, n(E1) = 1.
n( E1 ) 1
∴ P(getting all heads) = P(E1) = n(S)
=
8
.
27. We have to find the probability that the card is drawn is a black king.
given: pack of 52 cards
favourable outcomes
formula: P(E) =
total possible outcomes
Since a card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards,
Therefore the number of elementary events in the sample space is
n(S) = 52C1 = 52
let E be the event of drawing a black king
n(E) = 2C1 = 2 (there are two black kings one of spade and other of club)
n(E)
P(E) =
n(S)

P(E) = 2

52
=
1

26

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 Section C
28. 12 + 8i, 11 + 6i, 10 + 4i, ...
This is an A.P.
Here, we have
a = 12 + 8i
d = (11 + 6i - 12 - 8i)
= (-1 - 2i)
Let the real term be an = a + (n - 1) d
an = (12 + 8i)+(n - 1)(-1 - 2i)
= (12 + 8i)+(-n + 1 - 2in + 2i)
= 12 + 8i - n + 1 - 2in + 2i
= (13 - n) + (8 - 2n + 2) i
= (13 - n)+(10 - 2n) i
an has to be real.
∴(10 - 2n) = 0
⇒ n = 5

Hence, 5th term is purely real

Now, to find purely imaginary term of this A.P., real part have to be zero
∴ 13 - n = 0

⇒ n = 13
Hence, 13th term is purely imaginary.
29. Here,it is given that: a, b, c, d are in GP.
We have to prove: (a + b + c + d)2 = (a + b)2 + 2(b + c)2 + (c + d)2
Proof: When a, b, c, d are in GP then
From the above, we can have the following conclusion
⇒ bc = ad ...(i)

⇒ b2 = ac ...(ii)
⇒ c2 = bd ...(iii)
Taking L.H S = (a + b + c + d)2
⇒ (a + b + c + d)(a + b + c + d)

⇒ a2 + ab + ac + ad + ba + b2 + bc + bd + ca + cb + c2 + cd + da + db + dc + d2
On rearranging,then we get
⇒ (a + b)2 + ac + ad + bc + bd + ca + cb + da + db + c2 + cd + dc + d2
On rearranging,then we get
⇒ (a + b)2 + ac + ad + bc + bd + ca + cb + da + db + c2 + cd + dc + d2
On rearranging, then we get
⇒ (a + b)2 + ac + ad + bc + bd + ca + cb + da + db + (c + d)2
On rearranging,then we get
⇒ (a + b)2 + ac + ca + ad + bc + cb + da + bd + db + (c + d)2
Using eqn.(i)
⇒ (a + b)2 + ac + ca + bc + bc + bc + bc + bd + db + (c + d)2
Using eqn. (ii)
⇒ (a + b)2 + b2 + b2 + bc + bc + bc + bc + bd + db + (c + d)2
Using eqn. (iii)
⇒ (a + b)2 + 2b2 + 4bc + c2 + c2 + (c + d)2
On rearranging
⇒ (a + b)2 + 2b2 + 4bc + 2c2 + (c + d)2
⇒ (a + b)2 + 2[b2 + 2bc + c2] + (c + d)2

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 ⇒ (a + b)2 + 2(b + c)2 + (c + d)2 = RHS
Hence proved.
30. According to the given condition, we can calculate,
15
The piece of equipment deprecites 15 % in first year i.e., 100
× 600,000 = ₹ 90,000
Value after 1 st year = 600,000 - 90,000
= ₹ 510,000
The equipment depreciates at the rate 135 % in 2nd year i.e., 135

1000
× 600,000 = 81000
∴ Value after 2nd year = 81000
The value after 3rd year = × 600000 = 72000 The total depreciation in 10 years
100
12

⇒ S10 = 10

2
[2 × 81000 + (9)(-9000)]
= 5[81000] [{ Using Sn = n

2
[2a + (n - 1)d]]
= 405000
The cost of machine after 10 years = ₹ 600000 - 405000 = 105000
31. Given, there are two men and two women.
Now, a committee of two persons is selected.
4 4×3
∴ n(S) = C2 = = 6
2

i. Let E be the event that no man is to be in the committee

2
∴ n(E) = C2 = 1 [Only women will be in the committee]
1
∴ P (E) =
6

ii. Let E be the event that one man is in the committee

2 2
∴ n(E) = C1 × C1

= 2 × 2 = 4
4 2
∴ P (E) = =
6 3

iii. Let E be the event that two men in the committee

2
∴ n(E) = C2 = 1
1
∴P (E) =
6

32. We have to find the probability that all the drawn cards are of the same colour
Out of 52 cards, four cards can be randomly chosen in 52C4 ways.

∴ n(S) = 52C4
Let A = event where the four cards drawn are red
and B = event where the four cards drawn are black
Then, n(A) = 26C4 and n(B) = 26C4
25 25
C4 C4
⇒ P(A) = 52
and PB = 52
C4 C4

A and B are mutually exclusive events.

i.e. P(A ∩ B) = 0
By addition theorem, we have:
P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P (B) - P(A ∩ B)
26 25C4
= 3
+
652C4
-0
√2C4

46 46
= 17×49
+
17×49
46 92
=2× 17×49
=
838
92
Hence, the probability that all the drawn cards are of the same colour is 833
.
33. As we have to get the probability that all A’s are not coming together,
So, firstly we find the probability that all A’s are coming together
If all A’s are coming together then
A A A S S S S I N T I O N
So, now numbers of letters is 1(all A's are counted as 1 letter) + 10 = 11
11!
∴ Number of words when all A's come together = 4!2!2!

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 11!

∴ Probability when all A's come together = 4!2!2!

13!

3!4!2!2!

11! 3!4!2!2!
= ×
4!2!2! 13!
11!×3!
=
13×12×11!
3×2×1
=
13×12
1
=
26

Now, P(all A’s does not come together)

= 1 – P(all A’s come together)
1 25
= 1 − =
26 26

34. Here the sample space S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

∴ n(S) = 6

i. Let A be the event of getting a prime number

A = {2, 3, 5} ⇒ n(A) = 3
n(A) 3 1
Thus P (A) = n(S)
=
6
=
2

ii. Let B be the event of getting a number greater than or equal to 3

B = {3, 4, 5, 6} ⇒ n (B) = 4
n(B)
Thus P (B) = n(S)
=
4

6
=
2

iii. Let C be the event of getting a number less than or equal to 1

C = {1} ⇒ n(C) = 1
n(C)
Thus P (C ) =
1

6
n(S)

iv. Let D be the event of getting a number more than 6

D = ϕ ⇒ n(D) = 0
n(D)
Thus P(D) = =
0

6
= 0
n(S)

v. Let E be the event of getting a number less than 6

E = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ⇒ n(E) = 5
n(E) 5
Thus P (E) = n(S)
=
6

Section D
35. i. 08:00 - 1, 08:15 - 2, 08:30 - 4, 08:45 - 8... till 12.00 Noon
This is in Geometric progression with a = 1 and r = 2
a = 1, r = 2 and n = 17
n 17
a( r −1) 1(2 −1)

Sn = =
r−1 2−1

⇒ Sn = [2⋅ (28)2 - 1] = [(2 × 256 × 256) - 1]

⇒ Sn = 131071
By 12:00 noon 131071 people were informed about the arrival of the circus.
ii. 08:00 - 1, 08:15 - 2, 08:30 - 4, 08:45 - 8 ... till 12.00 Noon
This is in Geometric progression with a = 1 and r = 2 and n = 9 at 10.00 am
a = 1, r = 2 and n = 9
n 9
a( r −1) 1(2 −1)
Sn = =
r−1 2−1

⇒ Sn = [2⋅ (28) - 1] = [(2 × 256) - 1]

⇒ Sn = 511
By 10:00 AM 511 people were informed about the arrival of the circus.
iii. 08:00 - 1, 08:15 - 2, 08:30 - 4, 08:45 - 8... till 12.00 Noon
This is in Geometric progression with a = 1 and r = 2
From 10.00 to 11.00 am = sum of 13 terms - sum of 11 terms
⇒ S13 - S9

a = 1, r = 2
n
a( r −1)
Sn =
r−1

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 13 9
1(2 −1) 1(2 −1)
S13 - S9 = 2−1
−
2−1

⇒ S13 - S9 = [2⋅ (26)2 - 1] - [2⋅ (28) - 1]

⇒ S13 - S9 = 2⋅ (64 × 64 - 256) = 7680
From 10:00 AM to 11:00 7680 people were informed about the circus.
OR
08:00 - 1, 08:15 - 2, 08:30 - 4, 08:45 - 8... till 12.00 Noon
This is in Geometric progression with a = 1 and r = 2
At 10.30 am number of terms = 11
a = 1, r = 2 and n = 11
n 11
a( r −1) 1(2 −1)

Sn = =
r−1 2−1

⇒ Sn = [2⋅ (210) - 1] = [2⋅ (25)2 - 1]

⇒ Sn = [2 × 32 × 32 - 1] = 2047
At 10:30 AM 2047 people were informed about the circus.
36. i. A1B1 = 5 cm and A1B4 = 5 cm (given)
In right angle △A1B1B4

(B1B4)2 = (A1B1)2 + (A1B4)2

−−−−−− –
⇒ (B1B4) = √25 + 25 = 5√2 cm
–
Side of 2nd square is 5√2 cm
5√2
C1B1 = B1C4 = 2
=
5
cm
√2

Similarly
(C1C4)2 = (C1B1)2 + (B1C4)2
−−−−−−
25 25 −−
⇒ (C1C4) = √ 2
+
2
= √25 = 5 cm
Side of 3rd square is 5 cm
–
Thus the sides of squares are 10 cm, 5√2 cm, 5 cm ...
Here given sequence is GP
first term a = 10 and common ratio = r = 1

√2

ii. Area of squares are (10)2, (5√2) , (5)2 ...

– 2

⇒ Area of squares are 100, 50, 25 ...

Which is in GP
a = 100, r = 1

Sum of the Areas of all square = {100 + 50 + 25 ... ∞ }

= (200) cm2
100 100×2
Sn = 1
=
2−1
1−
2

The sum of areas of all the square formed is 200 sq cm.

–
iii. Perimeters of squares are 40, 20√2, 20 ...
Which is in GP
1
a = 40, r =
√2
–
Sum of the perimeter of all square = {40 + 20√2 + 20 ...}
40 40√2 √2+1 –
Sn = 1
= × = (80 + 40√2) cm
√2−1 √2+1
1−
√2

OR
Area of squares are (10)2, (5√2) , (5)2 ...
– 2

⇒ Area of squares are 100, 50, 25 ...

Which is in GP
1
a = 100, r = 2
5
1
100(1− ( ) )

= 96.85 cm2
2
200×31
S5 = =
1 32
1−
2

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37. i. H: Student read Hindi newspaper
E: Student read English newspaper
P(H) = 60
, P(E) =
100
40
, P (H ∩ E) =
100
20

100

P(E ∪ H) = P(E) + P(H) - P(E ∩ H)

40 60 20 80
⇒ P (E ∪ H) = + − =
100 100 100 100

⇒ P (E ∪ H) =
4

5
= 80%
⇒ 80% of students read English or Hindi newspaper.
ii. H: Student read Hindi newspaper
E: Student read English newspaper
P(H) = 60

100
, P(E) = 40
, P (H ∩ E) =
100
20

100

P(E ∪ H)' = 1 - P(E ∪ H)

⇒ P (E ∪ H ) = 1 −
′ 4

5
=
1

5
= 20%
⇒ 20% of students read neither English nor Hindi newspapers.
iii. H: Student read Hindi newspaper
E: Student read English newspaper
60 40 20
P(H) = 100
, P(E) = 100
, P (H ∩ E) =
100

P(E' ∩ H) = P(H) - P(E ∩ H)

60 20 40
⇒ P (E
′
∩ H) =
100
−
100
=
100
= 40%
⇒ 40% of students read only Hindi newspapers.
OR
H: Student read Hindi newspaper
E: Student read English newspaper
P(H) = 60
, P(E) =
100
40
, P (H ∩ E) =
100
20

100

P(E ∩ H') = P(E) - P(E ∩ H)

40 20 20
⇒ P (E
′
∩ H) =
100
−
100
=
100
= 20 %
⇒ 20 % of students read only English newspaper.
38. i. Total marbles = 4 + 5 + 3 = 12
4×3
4
C2
Required probability = 12 C
=
2×1

12×11
=
1

11
2
2×1

ii. Total marbles = 4 + 5 + 3 = 12

3
C3
Required probability = 12
=
1

12×11×10
=
1

220
C3
3×2

iii. Total marbles = 4 + 5 + 3 = 12

7×6
7
C2
Required probability = 12 C
=
2×1

12×11
=
21

66
=
7

22
2
2×1

OR
Total marbles = 4 + 5 + 3 = 12
Required probability = 1 - P (None is blue)
7
C3
= 1 −
12 C
3
7×6×5

3×2
= 1 −
12×11×10

3×2

7 37
= 1 − =
44 44

Section E
39. Let the edges of rectangular block in GP be a, ar and ar2, respectively.... (i)
Now, Volume =216 cm3
⇒ a(ar) (ar2) = 216 [∵ volume of cuboid = l × b × h]
⇒ (ar)3 = (6)3
⇒ ar = 6 cm [taking cube root] ...(ii)

and total surface area = 252 cm

⇒ 2[a (ar) + ar (ar2) + a (ar2)] = 252 [∵ sufrace area of cuboid = 2 (lb + bh + hl)]
From Eq. (ii), we get

10 / 13
 2 (6a +36r +36) = 252
⇒ 12 (a + 6r + 6) = 252

⇒ a + 6r = 15 [divide both sides by 12] ...(iii)

⇒ a+6×( 6

a
) = 15 [from Eq. (ii)]

⇒ a2 - 15a + 36 = 0 ⇒ (a - 12) (a - 3) = 0
⇒ a = 3, 12
From Eq. (iii), we get
When a = 3, then 3 + 6r = 15 ⇒ r = 2
and when a = 12, then 12 + 6r = 15 ⇒ r = 1

On putting above values in Eq. (i),

edges are 3, 3 × 2, 3 × (2)2 or 12, 12 × (
2
1

2
) , 12 × ( 1

2
)

i.e., 3, 6, 12 or 12, 6, 3.
Hence, the length of the longest edge is 12 cm.
40. Let the given GP contain n terms. Let abe the first term and r be the common ratio of this GP.
Since the given GP is increasing, we have r > 1
Now, T1 + Tn = 66 ⇒ a + ar(n-1) = 66 ...(i)

And, T 2 × Tn−1 = 128 ⇒ ar × ar(n-2) = 128

⇒ a2r(n-1) = 128 ⇒ ar(n-1) = 128

a
...(ii)
Using (ii) and (i), we get
a+ 128

a
= 66 ⇒ a2 - 66a + 128 = 0
⇒ a2 - 2a - 64a + 128 = 0
⇒ a(a - 2) - 64(a - 2) = 0

⇒ (a - 2) (a - 64) = 0

⇒ a = 2 or a = 64

Putting a = 2 in (ii), we get

r(n - 1) =
128 128

2
=
4
= 32 ...(iii)
a

Putting a = 64 in (ii), we get

r(n-1) = 128

2
=
128

64×64
=
1

32
, which is rejected, since r > 1.
a

Thus, a = 2 and r(n-1) = 32

n
a( r −1)
Now, Sn = 126 ⇒ = 126
(r−1)
n n
r −1 r −1
⇒ 2(
r−1
) = 126 ⇒ r−1
= 63
(n−1)
r ×r−1 32r−1
⇒
r−1
= 63 ⇒ r−1
= 63
⇒ 32r - 1 = 63r - 63 ⇒ 31r = 62 ⇒ r = 2
∴ r(n-1) =
32 = 25 ⇒ n - 1 = 5 ⇒ n = 6
Hence, there are 6 terms in the given GP
41. There are 13 balls in the bag and three balls are to be taken out,
So the number of ways of doing this = n(S) = number of total outcomes = C 13
3

Now, we have to find the probability that all the three balls to be taken out from the bag are white
Let A be the event that all the three balls are white
As there are 5 white balls, so the number of ways in which this can be done
= n(A) = number of favourable outcomes= C 5
3

We know that,
n(A) number of favourable outcomes
P(A) = =
n(S) number of total outcomes
5
C3
P (all the three balls are white) = 13
C3
5!

3!(5−3)! n n!
= [∵ Cr = ]
13! (n−r)!r!

3!(13−3)!

11 / 13
 5×4×3!

3!2!
=
13×12×11×10!

3×2×1×10!
5×4

2×1
=
13×2×11
5
=
143

42. Given,
A box containing 100 bulbs, out of which 20 are defective
∴ Number of good bulbs = 100 − 20 = 80
10 bulbs are selected for inspection
∴ Numbers of elementary events in sample space,

100
n(s) = C10

i. Suppose E be the event that all 10 bulbs selected are defective.

20
n(E) = C10
20
C10
∴ P (E) =
100
C10

ii. Suppose E be the event that all 10 good bulbs are selected.
80
∴ n(E) = C10
80
C10
∴ P (E) =
100
C10

iii. Suppose E be the event that at least one bulb is defective.

Let e be the event that none of the bulbs are defective.
80
∴ n(e) = C10
80
C10
∴ p(e) = 100
C10

∴ P (E) = 1 − p(e)
80
C10
=1- 100
C10

iv. Suppose E be the event that none of the selected bulbs is defective, that is all bulbs are good, so,
80
n(E) = C10
80
C10
P (E) =
100
C10

43. When two dice are thrown then

S = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6)
(2, l), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6)
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
A: getting an even number on the first die.
= {(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2,6),
(4,1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
B: getting an odd number on the first die
{(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6)
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)}
C: getting the sum of the number on the dice ⩽ 5
= {(1, 1),(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 1)}
(i) A' = (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6)
(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)} = B
(ii) not B = {(2, l), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6),
(4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6),
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)} = A
(iii) A or B =A ∪ B = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6)
(2, l), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6)

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(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6)
(4, l), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6)
(5, 1), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)
(6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)} = S
(iv) A and B = A ∩ B = ϕ
(v) A but not C = A - C = {(2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
(vi) B or C = B ∪ C = {(1,1), (1,2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6), (4, 1),
(5,1), (5, 2),(5, 3), (5, 4), (5, 5), (5, 6)}
(vii) B and C = B ∩ C = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
(viii) A ∩ B ∩ C = {(2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (6, 1), (6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
′ ′

13 / 13