VIZCAYA UNIVERSITY OF THE AMERICAS

Operations Research

First Partial Work

Engineering in Manufacturing Processes

Alumna: Sandra Araceli Castro Salazar

Ing. David Sánchez Vargas

TORREÓN, COAHUILA 4 de febrero de 2023

Every linear program consists of four parts: a set of decision variables,

the parameters, the objective function, and a set of constraints.

2. What is the objective function?

It is the function that is optimized, either by maximizing or minimizing its result.

3. What are the steps for defining a programming problem?

linear?

1) Choose the unknowns.

2) Write the objective function based on the problem data.

3) Write the constraints in the form of a system of inequalities.

4) Find out the set of feasible solutions by graphically representing them.

restrictions.

5) Calculate the coordinates of the vertices of the feasible solution region (if they are

few).

6) Calculate the value of the objective function at each of the vertices to see in

which of them presents the maximum or minimum value as required by the problem (there is

to take into account here the possible non-existence of a solution if the premises are not

acotado).

4. What are the most well-known linear programming methods? Define each one.

one of them.

To arrive at the solution of a Linear Programming problem, different methods are used.

solution methods. The most widespread are: the graphic method and the Method

Simplex.

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 The graphical method consists of representing the constraints on some axes of

coordinates, to delimit the region where the feasible solutions are located.

The optimal solutions will be found on the perimeter of the resulting polygon.

The simplex method solves maximization problems with constraints.

less than or equal

5. The El Cuero factory currently produces two types of leather straps. In each

Type 1 strap, high quality, earns a profit of 4.5 USD per unit

sold, while for each medium quality type 2 strap, it earns 2.8 USD.

The production area determined that it can produce 500 belts daily.

medium quality or 250 high quality. Only has leather for 400 straps.

of both types daily, 200 elegant buckles for type 1 straps and 350

for type 2 belts. I posed the linear programming problem in such a way

that the company maximizes its profits.

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In this case, the maximum value of Z is with the production of 200 type 1 belts and 200.

type 2 straps.

6. The company Los Nevados S.A. produces two types of refrigerators (line

economic and luxury line). From the studies conducted on the needs in the

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the market is expected that, for next year, the maximum requirements of

These products will be 80,000 units of the luxury line and 120,000 units.

of economical refrigerators. The profit from the sale of refrigerators

The economic price is 150 USD per unit and 300 USD per luxury unit.

How many units of each line can be produced for the company to reach the

maximum annual utility, if you have 10,000 units of iron, 16,000

fiberglass units, 14,000 aluminum units? Additionally, the

The composition of these elements for each refrigerator is shown at

continuation:

Economic line - 10% iron / 12% fiberglass / 7% aluminum

Luxury Line – 5% iron / 12% fiberglass / 10% aluminum

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In this case, the maximum value of Z is with the production of 53,333 refrigerators.

economic and 80,000 luxury refrigerators with a profit of 32 million USD.

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7. A manufacturer of aviation gasoline sells two types of fuels, A and B.

Fuel A contains 12.5% grade 1 gasoline and 12.5% grade 2 gasoline.

in addition to 25% grade 3 gasoline; fuel B has 25% grade 2 gasoline, and

Grade 3 is 35%. Available for production are 25 gallons of grade 1; 100

2 gallons of grade 2 and 95 gallons of grade 3. Fuel A can be sold by the gallon.

a 1.71 USD, and obtain a profit of 35%, while fuel B can

selling for 1.15 USD per gallon, obtaining a profit of 37%. Present the

problem in such a way that it can be defined what the greatest benefit will be

can be obtained.

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In this case, the maximum value of Z is with the production of 200 units of gasoline type

And 128.57 units of type B gasoline with a profit of 174.24 USD.

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8. Consider that you manage a small and medium-sized shoe manufacturing company.

distributes shoes, both for ladies and for gentlemen. Producing a pair

making men's shoes takes 1 hour and 35 minutes; for a pair of shoes

It takes 1 hour per lady. The workshop has no more than 850 hours per month.

Assume that each pair of shoes, both for ladies and gentlemen, requires

a unit of raw material. In the market, raw material can be obtained.

for no more than 800 pairs of footwear.

For the making of men's shoes, the workshop has 400 pairs of lasts.

special. Women's shoes use a fiber whose availability is of to the

menos 500 pares. La utilidad generada es de 4.25 USD, por par de zapatos de

gentlemen and 4.15 USD, for a pair of ladies' shoes. Determine the function

corresponding objective.

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In this case, the maximum value of Z is with the production of 218 pairs of shoes for

lady and 400 pairs of men's shoes with a monthly profit of 2604.7 USD.

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9. A company specialized in furniture produces chairs and tables that are sold to

200 USD and 300 USD, respectively. It is desired to know how many units of

each product can be produced by each operator to maximize income

taking into consideration the following premises:

The total number of chairs and tables does not exceed 4 per worker daily.

the material used for the tables costs 40 USD, the one used for the chairs costs

20 USD. Each worker has 1200 USD in materials. It is requested to propose.

the problem with a linear programming method.

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In this case, the maximum value of Z is achieved with the production of 4 tables to achieve a sale.

of 1200 USD.

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10. MKT seeks to promote a new product and aims to reach two types of

clients: women whose annual income does not exceed 4000 USD, and women

that exceed that value. Consider that people in the first group buy

twice the product of the people in the second group. The objective of the

the company aims to maximize purchases, for which the product is advertised in

print media and on television. A television advertising unit costs 4800

USD, and it reaches approximately 1000 people from the first group and 2000 from the

second group. An advertisement in the printed press costs 5000 and reaches

approximately 1000 people from the first group and 1500 from the second group.

As a business policy, it is decided to use at least three advertising units in

television and six units of advertising in print media. The budget for

advertising is 45,000 USD, it is requested to formulate the problem with a model of

linear programming.

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11. A textile company operates 10 hours a day to manufacture two types of fabric in

three sequential processes. Below is the requirement in

minutes for each process.

Minute per meter of screen

Product Process 1 Proceso 2 Process 3 Unity by

subway

1 5 6 8 0.9

2 3 12 10 0.75

State the problem.

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In this case, the maximum value of Z is with the production of 25 meters of product 1 with

utility of 18.3

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