GRIFFITH COLLEGE DUBLIN
QUALITY AND QUALIFICATIONS IRELAND
EXAMINATION
POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA IN SCIENCE IN COMPUTING
PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROGRAMMING
Module Code: PGDC-PDP
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN COMPUTING
PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROGRAMMING
Module code: MSCC-PDP
POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA IN SCIENCE IN BIG DATA MANAGEMENT
AND ANALYTICS
PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROGRAMMING
Module Code: PGDBD-PDP
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN BIG DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYTICS
PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROGRAMMING
Module code: MSCBD-PDP
Lecturer(s): Osama Abushama
External Examiner(s): Dr Mubashir Husain Rehmani
Dr William Clifford
Date: 13th August 2024 Time: 2.15-5.15
THIS PAPER CONSISTS OF FIVE QUESTIONS
FOUR QUESTIONS TO BE ATTEMPTED
ALL QUESTIONS CARRY EQUAL MARKS
Page 1 of 3
QUESTION 1
(a) Explain the difference between a process and a thread. In the case of threads, why is it
simple to share data between different threads?
(5 marks)
(b) Explain the differences between semaphores and monitors.
(5 marks)
(c) Explain the difference between MPI_Send, MPI_Ssend and MPI_Bsend in MPI?
(15 marks)
Total (25 marks)
QUESTION 2
(a) Give a high level description of the algorithm for the solution of the Producer-Consumer
problem for finite buffers using semaphores.
(5 marks)
(b) Using semaphores, write code in Java to implement a solution to the Producer Consumer
Problem. You must create a generic class called buffer which has methods get ( ) and put ( )
to retrieve and append integers onto a buffer. (The Buffer need only store one integer at a
time).
(20 marks)
Total (25 marks)
QUESTION 3
(a) What is the output of the following program
(5 marks)
(b) In Java, define and explain the three functions of synchronization?
(10 marks)
Page 2 of 3
(c) What are the 4 necessary and sufficient conditions required for a deadlock to occur in a
multithreaded program?
(10 marks)
Total (25 marks)
QUESTION 4
An automated booking system for a theatre is required. The system must support multiple users that
are allowed to book a single seat at a time from a list of available seats. The system must ensure that
double booking is not permitted whilst allowing clients free choice of available seats. This means
that a seat may appear to be free although it may be booked or in the process of being booked by
another client. Implement a class that allows users to book seats whilst not permitting double
booking. Two methods needed for this solution.
public int[] getSeats(){ … }
public boolean bookSeat(int k){ … }
(a) Implement a fine-grained solution for bookSeat method.
(10 marks)
(b) Can the method bookseat deadlock? Explain.
(5 marks)
(c) Explain what is meant by false sharing and suggest a solution.
(10 marks)
Total (25 marks)
QUESTION 5
(a) Optimize the following code by removing redundant barriers:
#pragma omp parallel private(i)
{
#pragma omp for
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
a[i] +=b[i];
#pragma omp for
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
c[i] +=d[i];
#pragma omp barrier
#pragma omp for reduction(+:sum)
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
sum += a[i] + c[i];
}
(5 marks)
(b) Write a C OpenMP code to sum a large array over N processors.
(10 marks)
(c) Write a C MPI code to sum a large array over N processors.
(10 marks)
Total (25 marks)
Page 3 of 3