Answer

1. (D) 0.4014001400014…
Explanation:
A number is irrational if and only if its decimal representation is non-terminating
and non-recurring.
(A) is a terminating decimal and, therefore, cannot be an irrational number.
(B) is a non-terminating and recurring decimal and, therefore, cannot be irrational.
(C) is a non-terminating and recurring decimal and, therefore, cannot be irrational.
(D) is a non-terminating and non-recurring decimal and therefore is an irrational
number.

2. (C)
Explanation: (C)
(A)

The equation contains the terms x2 and The equation contains the term x2 and
-2x-2. 3x .
Here, the exponent of x in the second Here, the exponent of x in first term
term = – 2, which is not a whole and second term= 2 and 1,
number. respectively, which is a whole number.
Hence, the given algebraic expression Hence, the given algebraic expression
is not a polynomial. is a polynomial.

(B) (D)

The equation contains the term √2x½ .

Here, the exponent of x in the first The equation is a rational function.
term = ½ , which is not a whole Here, the given equation is not in the
number. standard form of a polynomial.
Hence, the given algebraic expression Hence, the given algebraic expression
is not a polynomial. is not a polynomial.

3. (B) 0
Explanation:
√2 can be written as √2x0
i.e., √2 = √2x0
Therefore, the degree of the polynomial = 0

4. Perpendicular distance from x-axis = Ordinate = 5

The negative direction of the x-axis doesn’t decide the sign of the ordinate.
Thus y-coordinate = 5 or -5.

5. C. on x-axis
Explanation: We know that if the y-coordinate of a point, i.e., the ordinate is zero,
then this point always lies on x-axis.

6. (B) 1
Explanation:
According to the question,
p(x) = x2 – 2√2x + 1
To get p(2√2),
We substitute x = 2√2,
p(2√2) = (2√2)2 – (2√2 × (2√2)) + 1
= (4 × 2) – (4 × 2) + 1
=8–8+1
=1

7.
(i) Monomial = an algebraic expression that contains one term
An example of a polynomial, which is a monomial of degree 1 = 2t
(ii) Binomial = an algebraic expression that contains two terms
An example of a polynomial, which is a binomial of degree 20 = x20 + 5
(iii) Trinomial = an algebraic expression that contains three terms
An example of a polynomial, which is a trinomial of degree 2 = y2 + 3y + 11

8.
(i) x2 = 5 ⇒ x2 = ±√5)2 Which is an irrational number.
(iii) u2=17/4=(√172)/2∴ u= √17/2
⇒ x = √5
Which is an irrational number.
Which is an irrational number.
(ii) y2= 0.9 ⇒ y2 = (0.9) 1/2
8.1. Solution
(i) False. Zero of x – 3 is 3. Hence, zeroes of t2–2t are 0 and 2.
[∵x−3=0⇒x=3]
(v) True.
(ii) True. Zero of 3x+1 is−13. y2+y–6=y2+3y–2y–6 [ by splitting
[∵3x+1=0⇒x=−13] middle term]
=y(y+3)–2(y+3)
(iii) False. Zero of 4 - 5y is45. =(y−2)(y+3) ...(i) [equating equation(i)
[∵4−5y=0⇒y=45] equal to zero]
Hence, the zeroes of y2+y–6 are 2 and
(iv)True. -3.
t2–2t=t(t–2)

10.
(i)
Let x = 1.9999….. — (1) (iii)
Multiply equation (1) with 10 Let 𝑥𝑥 = 0.134 ………….…. Eq. (1)
10x = 19.9999….. — (2) Multiply L.H.S and R.H.S by 10,
Subtract equation (1) from equation(2), We get
We get, 10 𝑥𝑥 = 1.34 ………………. Eq. (2)
9x = 18 Multiply L.H.S and R.H.S by 1000,
x = 18 / 9 We get
x=2 1000 𝑥𝑥 = 134.34 …………. Eq. (3)
Therefore, Subtracting equation (2) from (3),
x = 1.9999… = 2 We get
1000 𝑥𝑥 − 10𝑥𝑥 = 134.34 − 1.34
(ii) ⇒ 990𝑥𝑥 = 133
Assume that 𝑥𝑥 = 5.2 ……………. Eq.(1) ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = 133/990
Multiply L.H.S and R.H.S by 10,
We get (iv) .00323232…
10 𝑥𝑥 = 52.2 …………… Eq. (2) Let 𝑥𝑥 = 0.00323232 …
Subtracting equation (1) from (2), ⇒ x = 0.0032 ………….…. Eq. (1)
We get Multiply L.H.S and R.H.S by 100,
10 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 = 52.2 − 5.2 We get,
⇒ 9𝑥𝑥 = 47 100x = 0.32 ……………. Eq. (2)
⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = 47/9 Multiply L.H.S and R.H.S by 10000,
We get 10000 x-100x = 32.32 – 0.32
10000 x = 32.32 …………. Eq. (3) ⇒ 9900𝑥𝑥 = 32
Subtracting equation (2) from (3), ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = 32/9900 = 8/2475
We get

11.
Let g(x)=x−2
Now,g(x)=x−2
=>x−2=0
=>x=2

(i) (ii)
Let p(x)=3x2+6x−24 Let p(x)=4x2+x−2
Now, g(x) is a factor p(x) if p(2)=0
Now, g(x) is a factor p(x) if p(2)=0
Thus, p(2)
Thus, p(2) =4(2)2+2−2
=3(2)2+6(2)−24 =16
=12+12−24 ≠0
Thus, g(x) is not a factor of p(x)
=0
So, (i) is the factor of x−2
Thus, g(x) is a factor of p(x)

12.
(i) Given p(x) = 𝑥𝑥3 – 2𝑥𝑥2 – 4𝑥𝑥 – 1 and Therefore, the remainder = 62
g(x) = x + 1
Here zero of g(x) = – 1 (iii) p(x) = 4x3 – 12x2 + 14x – 3, g(x) =
By using the remainder theorem 2x – 1
P(x) divided by g(x) = p( – 1) Here zero of g(x) = ½
P ( – 1) = ( – 1)3 – 2 ( – 1)2 – 4 ( – 1) – 1 = By using the remainder theorem p(x)
0 divided by g(x) = p (½)
Therefore, the remainder = 0 P( ½ ) = 4( ½ )3 – 12( ½ )2 + 14 ( ½ ) – 3
= 4/8 – 12/4 + 14/2 – 3
(ii) given p(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥3 – 3𝑥𝑥2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 50, g(𝑥𝑥) =½+1
= 𝑥𝑥 – 3 = 3/2
Here zero of g(x) = 3 Therefore, the remainder = 3/2
By using the remainder theorem p(x) (iv) p(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥3 – 6𝑥𝑥2 + 2𝑥𝑥 – 4, g(𝑥𝑥) = 1 –
divided by g(x) = p(3) 3/2 𝑥𝑥
p(3) = 33 – 3 × (3)2 + 4 × 3 + 50 = 62 Here zero of g(x) = 2/3
By using the remainder theorem p(x) = – 136/27
divided by g(x) = p(2/3) Therefore, the remainder = – 136/27
p(2/3) = (2/3)3 – 6(2/3)2 + 2(2/3) – 4

13.
(i) (ii)
According to the question, According to the question,
g(x)=x – 2, g(x)= 2𝑥𝑥 + 1
Then, zero of g(x), Then, zero of g(x),
g(x) = 0 g(x) = 0
x–2=0 2x + 1 = 0
x=2 2x = – 1
Therefore, zero of g(x) = 2 x=–½
So, substituting the value of x in p(x), Therefore, zero of g(x) = – ½
we get, So, substituting the value of x in p(x),
p(2) =(2)3 – 5(2)2 + 4(2) – 3 we get,
= 8 – 20 + 8 – 3 p(–½) = 2 × ( – ½ )3 – 11 × ( – ½ )2 – 4 ×
=–7≠0 ( – 1/2) + 5
Hence, p(x) is not the multiple of g(x), = – ¼ – 11/4 + 7
the remainder ≠ 0. = 16/4
=4≠0
Hence, p(x) is not the multiple of
g(x), the remainder ≠ 0.

14.
No, if x is a rational number and y is an irrational number, then xy is not necessarily
an irrational number. It can be rational if x = 0, which is a rational number.
For example:
Let y = √2, which is irrational.
Consider x = 2, which is rational.
Then, x × y = 2 × √2 = 2√2, which is irrational.
Consider x = 0, which is rational.
Then xy = 0 × √2 = 0, which is rational.
Therefore, we can conclude that the product of a rational and an irrational number is
always irrational, only if the rational number is not zero.

15. √17 on the number line:

17 can be written as the sum of the square of two natural numbers:
i.e., 17 =1+ 16 =12 + 42
On the number line,
Take OA = 4 units.
Perpendicular to OA, draw BA = 1 unit.
Join OB.
Using the Pythagoras theorem,
We have, OB= √17
Draw an arc with centre O and radius OB using a compass such that it intersects the
number line at point C.
Then, point C corresponds to √17. Or, we can say that OC = √17

(iii) √8.1
Draw a line segment such that AB = 8.1 units.
Mark C at a distance of 1 unit from B.
Mark O, is the mid-point of AC.
Draw a semicircle with centre O and radius OC.
Draw a line perpendicular to AC, passing through B and intersecting the semicircle
at D.
Now, BD = √8.1.
Draw an arc with
centre B and
radius BD,
meeting AC
produced at E.
Then BE = BD
= √8.1 units.
16. Let f(p)=p10–1 and g(p)=p11–1
Putting p = 1 in f(p), we get
f(1)=110−1=1−1=0
Therefore, by factor theorem, (p – 1) is a factor of (p10–1)
Now, putting p = 1 in g(p), we get
g(1)=111−1=1−1=0
Therefore, by factor theorem, (p – 1) is a factor of (p11–1)

17. Let p(x)=x3−2mx2+16

Since, p(x) is divisible by (x+2), the remainder = 0
∴ p(−2)=0 [ by remainder theorem]
⇒ (−2)3–2m(−2)2+16=0
⇒ −8–8m+16=0
⇒ 8=8m
∴ m=1.
Hence, the value of m is 1.

18. Let p(x)=x5−4a2x3+2x+2a+3 and g(x)=x+2a

Now. g(x)=x+2a
x+2a=0
x=−2a
Now, if g(x) is a factor of p(x), then p(−2a) must be 0
Thus, p(−2a)=0
=>(−2a)5−4a2(−2a)3+2(−2a)+2a+3=0
=>−32a5+32a5−4a+2a+3=0
=>−2a+3=0
=>a=32

20.
(i) Let p(x)=x3–x2+11x+69 (ii) p(x)=2x3−9x2+x+12
We have to show that, x + 3 is a factor We have to show that, 2x - 3 is a factor
of p(x). of p(x).
i.e. p(-3) = 0 [Using Remainder i.e. p(32)=0 [Using Remainder
Theorem] Theorem]
Now, p(−3)=(−3)3–(−3)2+11(−3)+69 p(32)=2(32)3−9(32)2+32+12
=−27–9–33+69=−69+69=0. =274−814+32+12
Therefore, x +3 is a factor.
=81−814=0 Hence, (2x-3) is a factor of p(x).

21. Given p(x)=x2−4x+3

Now, p(2)=(2)2−4×2+3=4−8+3=−1
p(−1)=(−1)2−4(−1)+3=1+4+3=8
And p(12)=(12)2−4×12+3
=14−2+3=1−8+124=54
∴ p(2)−p(−1)+p(12)=−1−8+54
=−9+54=−36+54=−314

22. We have,
1(3−√ 8 )−1(√ 8 −√ 7 )+1(√ 7 −√ 6 )−1(√ 6 −√ 5 )+1(√ 5 −2)=5
L.H.S.
1(3−√ 8 )−1(√ 8 −√ 7 )+1(√ 7 −√ 6 )−1(√ 6 −√ 5 )+1(√ 5 −2)
By rationalize every part and we get
1(3−√ 8 )×(3+√ 8 )(3+√ 8 )−1(√ 8 −√ 7 )×(√ 8 +√ 7 )(√ 8 +√ 7 )+1(√ 7 −√ 6 )×(√ 7 +√ 6 )(√ 7 +√ 6 )
−1(√ 6 −√ 5 )×(√ 6 +√ 5 )(√ 6 +√ 5 )+1(√ 5 −2)×(√ 5 +2)(√ 5 +2)
=(3+√ 8 )(9−8)−(√ 8 +√ 7 )8−7+(√ 7 +√ 6 )7−6−(√ 6 +√ 5 )6−5+(√ 5 +2)5−4
=3+√ 8 −√ 8 −√ 7 +√ 7 +√ 6 −√ 6 −√ 5 +√ 5 +2
=3+2=5
R.H.S
Hence proved.

23. We have, 7+√ 5/ 7−√ 5 − 7−√ 5 7+√ 5 =p +711√ 5 q

⇒(7+√ 5 )2−(7−√ 5 )2(7−√ 5 )(7+√ 5 )=p+711√ 5 q
⇒[72+(√ 5 )2+2×7×√ 5 ]−(72+(√ 5 )2−2×7×√ 5 ]72−(√ 5 )2=p+711√ 5 q
⇒49+5+14√ 5 −49−5+14√ 5 49−5=p+711√ 5 q⇒28√ 5 44=p+711√ 5 q⇒0+711√ 5 =p+711√
5q
On comparing both sides, we get
p = 0 and q = 1

26.
Given, the polynomials are az³ + 4z² + 3z - 4 and z³ - 4z + a.
The polynomials leave the same remainder when divided by z - 3.
We have to find the value of a.
Let p(x) = az³ + 4z² + 3z - 4
g(x) = z - 3
Now g(x) = 0 q(3) = (3)³ - 4(3) + a
z-3=0 = 27 - 12 + a
z=3 = 15 + a
Put z = 3 in p(x), Given, remainder of p(x)/g(x) =
p(3) = a(3)³ + 4(3)² + 3(3) - 4 remainder of q(x)/g(x)
= 27a + 4(9) + 9 - 4 So, 27a + 41 = 15 + a
= 27a + 36 + 5 27a - a = 15 - 41
= 27a + 41 26a = -26
Let q(x)= z³ - 4z + a a = -1
Put z = 3 in q(x), Therefore, the value of a is -1.

27. Step 1. Find the value of a.

It is given that
p(x)=x4-2x3+3x2-ax+3a-7 when divided by x+1 leaves the remainder 19
So, p-1=19
p(-1)=-14-2-13+3-12-a-1+3a-7⇒19=1+2+3+a+3a-7⇒19=4a-1⇒4a=20∴a=5
Step 2. Find the remainder when p(x) is divided byx+2.
Put a=5,x=-2 in the polynomial p(x)=x4-2x3+3x2-ax+3a-7
p(-2)=-24-2-23+3-22-5-2+3×5-7=16+16+12+10+15-7=62
Hence, the value of a=5 and the remainder is 62.

28. (i)

The points (1, 3), (– 1, – 1), (–

2, – 3) lie in a straight line,
Hence, the points are
collinear.

(ii)
The points (1, 1), (2, – 3), (–
1, – 2) lie in a straight line,
Hence, the points are not
collinear.
(iii)

The points (0, 0), (2, 2),

(5, 5) lie in a straight
line,
Hence, the points are
collinear.

29. From the graph, we get that,

The coordinates of C = (-2, -4).