NO COMPREHENSION

SOIL CONFINED
REGULATIONS: MTC E 121, ASTM D 2166, AASHTO T208

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE AND

CIVIL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
PRESENTED BY:
MG. ENG. MIJAIL ELIO ROZAS GÓMEZ
CUSCO - 2020
1.- OBJECT

Indicate the method to conduct the test to determine the

unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soils
under unaltered or remolded conditions, applying
axial load, using any of the resistance methods
controlled or controlled deformation. It is only used for
cohesive soils.
2.- PURPOSE AND SCOPE

The main purpose of conducting the compression test is not

confined, it is for quick obtaining of an approximate value
of the compressive strength of soils that possess
sufficient cohesion to be able to be tested in the state not
confined.
The Unconfined Compressive Strength is the load by
area unit to which a cylindrical soil sample,
prismatic, failure in the simple compression test.
4.- EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

Compression Device: formed by a

press for breaking the test specimens, of
manual controlled speed or
mechanically, with sufficient capacity to
reach the breaking load. The device for
the measure of the applied force must have a
sensitivity of 1% of the resistance to
simple compression of the tested sample
4.- EQUIPMENTANDMATERIALS

Sample extractor: capable of taking soil core samples; if the

samples arrive at the laboratory in unopened tubes
longitudinally, it is necessary that it produces little alteration in the
soil.
4.- EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

A lathe with a motor or sample specimen cutter

unaltered with accessories (wire saw, knives, box of
miter joints, etc
4.- EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

• Devices for determining the moisture of the sample

• A stopwatch, if the press control is manual.
• Scales that give the weight of the sample with a precision of
0.1% of its total weight.
• A caliper capable of measuring the physical dimensions of the
probe with a 0.1 mm approximation. (Vernier caliper or
similar
5.- EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
ILLUSTRATIVE VIDEO 1

Untrusted compression equipment

• Charging ring
• Vertical deformation gauge
• Vertical displacement cat
5.- SAMPLE

Sizes of the test tube. The test tube will be approximately of section
constant, circular or square and axis perpendicular to that section. Its
diameter or side must not be less than 30 mm (1.3 inches). The largest
the particle contained within must be, at most, equal to 1/10
of the diameter or side.
For samples with a diameter equal to or greater than 72 mm, the size of the
particle must be less than 1/6 of the diameter or side.
5.- SAMPLE

The ratio of height to diameter or to

the side of the base should be approximately
equal to or less than 2.
The longitudinal dimension of the sample
cut must match the address
vertical of the original sample.
6.- PROCEDURE

6.1 The height and the diameter or side of the sample are measured with precision.
of 0.1 mm using a caliper with a vernier or an analogous object.
6.2 The test tube is weighed.
6.- PROCEDIMIENTO

6.3 The test tube is placed in the press in such a way

that it remains perfectly centered. It is activated
the advance device strictly
necessary for the test tube to touch the plate
superior of the press. It is set to zero the
deformation indicator.
The test can be done by controlling the
deformation or controlling the load.
6.- PROCEDURE

6.4 In the case of controlled deformation,

the press is activated in such a way that the speed
of the unitary deformation of the specimen is
ranged between ½ % and 2% per minute. It
they take measurements of deformations and of the
loads every 30 seconds until the loads
start to decrease or even reach a
20% axial deformation (what before
happens
6.- PROCEDURE

6.5 When controlled efforts are employed,

the load will be applied to produce a
axial deformation at a rate of ½ % to 2 %
per minute and the efforts and the
deformations every 30 s. The speed of
deformation will be regulated in such a way that the
failure of test specimens never exceeded
of 10 minutes. The loading must continue
until the load values decrease.
6.- PROCEDURE

6.6 Create a diagram of the breakage form.

6.7 From the part of the test tube where it has
a small piece is taken after the breakage
sample in the container and its is determined
humidity. It is also determined the
humidity of the entire sample, noting the
pesos and doing the operations that are
they indicate on the spreadsheet.
6.- PROCEDURE

TERMINOLOGY:
6.8 Unconfined Compressive Strength (qu) – the force
compressive in which an unconfined cylindrical specimen of soil
it will fail in a simple comprehension essay.
6.9 Shear strength (su), the shear strength is calculated as the
half of the compression effort in the failure is estimated that the
shear resistance is half of the compressive stress.
6.- PROCEDURE
ILLUSTRATIVE VIDEO 2

• Test sample
• Metal plates to raise the level
• Sample placement process
• Seat load
• Loading process
7.- CALCULATIONS

7.1 The unit deformation, E, will be calculated using the following formula:
7.- CALCULATIONS

7.2 Calculate the average cross-sectional area of the sample, A, for a

load given as follows:
7.- CALCULATIONS

7.3 It is useful to prepare a graph

that gives for each deformation
the area corrected
corresponding, according
with the initial diameters of
the samples that are used in
the essay
7.- CALCULATIONS

7.4 Calculate the effort, with three significant figures or with one.
approximation of 1 kPa (0.01 kg/cm2)
 7.- CALCULATIONS

7.5 Prepare a chart that shows

the relationship between effort
(ordered) and the unit deformation
(on the x-axis). Take the value
greater than the unit load or the one that
corresponds to 20% of deformation,
the one that happens first between the two, and
inform yourself as resistance to the
unconfined compression.
 COMPREHENSION TEST NO
CONFINE OF SOILS
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
REGULATIONS: MTC E 121, ASTM D 2166, AASHTO T208

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE AND

CIVIL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
PRESENTED BY:
MG. ING. MIJAIL ELIO ROZAS GÓMEZ
CUSCO - 2020
RECOMMENDATION WHEN TAKING DATA
LABORATORY

If we do not have the appropriate experience in data collection in trials

from the laboratory, we could omit some relevant information for
properly develop the subsequent processing of the information
collected, therefore, it is suggested to use some form of data filling of the
essay that we are going to carry out.
 UNCONFINED COMPRESSION
MTC E 121 - 2000, Based on ASTM D-2166 and AASHTO T-208

DIMENSIONS Sample 01 Sample 02 DENSITY Sample 01 Sample 02

Diámetro = Peso =
Height L0= Peso Unitario húmedo =
Area = Contenido de Humedad =
Volumen = Peso Unitario seco =

DEFORMETER TOTAL LOAD ON FACTOR EFFORT ON

DEFORMATIONDEFORMATION CORRECTION OF CORRECTED AREA
DEFORMETER THE SAMPLE
OF LOAD FROM THE SAMPLEUNITARY THE SAMPLE
OF LENGTH 1 AREA A' (cm2)
M-01 M-02 M-01 M-02 ΔL ΔL/L 0 kg/cm²
1 -ΔL/L0
0.01 mm 0.0001 inch kg mm M-01 M-01 M-01 M-02 M-01 M-02
0 0.00
100 1.00
200 2.00
300 3.00
400 4.00
500 5.00
600 6.00
700 7.00
800 8.00
900 9.00
1000 10.00
1100 11.00
1200 12.00
1300 13.00
1400 14.00
1500 15.00
1600 16.00
1700 17.00
1800 18.00
1900 19.00
2000 20.00
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE:

In the field, an unaltered sample of clay soil 'CL' has been taken from the
two cylindrical specimens have been machined to be subjected to the test of
Unconfined compression, in order to determine the value of the
Cohesion 'C'; the data obtained in the laboratory tests are the
following:
Average Diameter M-01 = 51.8mm
Average Height M-01=100.0mm
Peso de la Muestra M-01=407.0 gr
Contenido de Humedad M-01= 19.1%
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE:

Average Diameter M-02 = 51.9mm

Average Height M-02=100.8mm
Weight of Sample M-02=407.7 gr
Contenido de Humedad M-02= 18.8%
Unconfined compression test data has also been taken,
in an analog team (with load ring), from which readings were taken
every 30 seconds, until achieving 20% deformation of the sample,
whose values are shown below:
 DEFORMETER
DEFORMETER
LOADING
OF LENGTH 1
M-01 M-02
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE 0.01 mm 0.0001 inch
0 0.0 0.0
100 7.0 6.0
200 14.0 13.0
300 21.0 20.0
It can be observed that: 400 28.0 27.0
500 36.0 35.0
The length extensometer has a value of 600 44.0 42.0
700 52.0 50.0
maximum 2000; due to 800 60.0 58.0
2000*0.01mm=20mm 900 66.0 64.0
1000 70.0 68.0
We know that the sample is 10cm=100mm 1100 74.0 72.0
1200 76.0 74.0
1300 77.0 76.0
As the essay should be developed until the 1400 77.0 76.0
20% of the axial deformation, then it will be 1500 76.0 74.0
1600 73.0 70.0
100mm * 0.20 = 20mm 1700 69.0 64.0
1800 62.0 58.0
1900 55.0 52.0
2000 51.0 48.0
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE:

First, we must determine the basic properties such as:

• Natural Density
• Dry soil density
To do this, we will determine the volume of each sample.
DIMENSIONS Sample 01 Sample 02
Diámetro = 51.8 mm 51.9 mm
Height L0= 100.0 mm 100.8 mm
Área = 21.08 cm2 21.13 cm2
Volume = 210.84cm3 212.90cm3
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE:

DENSITY Sample 01 Sample 02

Peso = 407.00g 407.70gr
Peso Unitario húmedo = 1.93 g/cm³ 1.92 g/cm³
Moisture Content = 19.10% 18.80%
Dry Unit Weight = 1.62 g/cm3 1.61 g/cm3

Natural Density M-01 Replacing

407.0
= =
210.84
Vm=210.84cm3
= 1.93gr/c0_3
Wm=407.0gr
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE:

DENSITY Sample 01 Show 02

Peso = 407.00g 407.70g
Peso Unitario húmedo = 1.93 g/cm3 1.92 g/cm³
Contenido de Humedad = 19.10% 18.80%
Dry Unit Weight = 1.62 gr/cm3 1.61 gr/cm3

Dry Density M-01 Replacing

= 1.93
1 + w% =
1 + 0.191
γnat1.93g/cm3
w%=19.1% = 1.62gr/c0
 DEFORMETER TOTAL LOAD ON
DEFORMETER THE SAMPLE
CHARGE
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF LENGTH 1
M-01 M-02 M-01 M-02
0.01 mm 0.0001 inches kg
LOAD PROCESSING
0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
100 7.0 6.0 3.0 2.6
200 14.0 13.0 6.0 5.6
As a type of analog load ring team, 300 21.0 20.0 9.0 8.5
It means that for each deformation recorded in the 400 28.0 27.0 11.9 11.5
load deformer, there will be its corresponding 500 36.0 35.0 15.3 14.9
600 44.0 42.0 18.7 17.9
force 'F'. 700 52.0 50.0 22.0 21.2
800 60.0 58.0 25.4 24.6
For this specific equipment, the following applies
900 66.0 64.0 27.9 27.1
correlation 1000 70.0 68.0 29.5 28.7
F = 0.429705 * X - 0.0001135 * X2+ 0.00000007 * X3 1100 74.0 72.0 31.2 30.4
1200 76.0 74.0 32.0 31.2
Where 1300 77.0 76.0 32.4 32.0
1400 77.0 76.0 32.4 32.0
X: it is the value marked by the load deformometer 1500 76.0 74.0 32.0 31.2
Note: this equation is specific to each loading ring, not 1600 73.0 70.0 30.8 29.5
1700 69.0 64.0 29.1 27.1
There are two load rings with the same equation.
1800 62.0 58.0 26.2 24.6
1900 55.0 52.0 23.3 22.0
2000 51.0 48.0 21.6 20.4
 DEFORMETER TOTAL LOAD ON
DEFORMETER THE SAMPLE
OF LOADING
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF LENGTH 1
M-01 M-02 M-01 M-02
0.01 mm 0.0001 inch kg
PROCESAMIENTO DE CARGAS
0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
100 7.0 6.0 3.0 2.6
200 14.0 13.0 6.0 5.6
For the first deformation point 100: 300 21.0 20.0 9.0 8.5
400 28.0 27.0 11.9 11.5
The value of 'X' is: 7.0 500 36.0 35.0 15.3 14.9
600 44.0 42.0 18.7 17.9
Replacing in the equation: 700 52.0 50.0 22.0 21.2
F = 0.429705 * 7 - 0.0001135 * 72+ 0.00000007 ∗ 73 800 60.0 58.0 25.4 24.6
F = 3.0079 - 0.00055 + 0.00002 900 66.0 64.0 27.9 27.1
1000 70.0 68.0 29.5 28.7
F = 3.00 1100 74.0 72.0 31.2 30.4
1200 76.0 74.0 32.0 31.2
1300 77.0 76.0 32.4 32.0
1400 77.0 76.0 32.4 32.0
1500 76.0 74.0 32.0 31.2
1600 73.0 70.0 30.8 29.5
1700 69.0 64.0 29.1 27.1
1800 62.0 58.0 26.2 24.6
1900 55.0 52.0 23.3 22.0
2000 51.0 48.0 21.6 20.4
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
PROCESSING

Once the forces acting on the sample are calculated, we need to determine the
area where these forces will act, for which the following steps must be followed:
1° Calculate the longitudinal deformation of the sample 'ΔL'
2° Calculate the Unit Deformation 'ε'
3° Calculate the corrected area of the sample
4° Calculate the axial compression stress that will be given by:

σ=
′
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
PROCESSING

Where:
F: force applied to the sample
A': corrected cross-sectional area of the sample
To determine the corrected area of the sample, we apply the following formula:

′=
1−ε
Where
Ai: initial area

εunitary deformation in compression

PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
DEDuction OF THE CORRECTED AREA FORMULA

Initial velocity = Final velocity

To * Lo = A' * (Lo - ΔL)

′
= ∗ ( −Δ )
To ΔL
′
= ∗ ( −Δ )

= A' * (1 - ) ;
Δ
=
∆ The A’
= A' ∗ (1 - ε) Lo-ΔL
′=
1-ε
 DEFORMETER TOTAL LOAD ON DEFORMATION
DEFORMETER
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF LOAD THE SAMPLE FROM THE SAMPLE
OF LENGTH
M-01 M-02 M-01 M-02 ΔL
CALCULATION OF THE DEFORMATION OF THE SAMPLE 0.01 mm 0.0001 inch kg mm
0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00
100 7.0 6.0 3.0 2.6 1.00
200 14.0 13.0 6.0 5.6 2.00
For the deformation point 900: 300 21.0 20.0 9.0 8.5 3.00
400 28.0 27.0 11.9 11.5 4.00
The deformation of the sample is given by: 500 36.0 35.0 15.3 14.9 5.00
600 44.0 42.0 18.7 17.9 6.00
∆L = Defor. The logarithmic strain * CLe(0.01UU) 700 52.0 50.0 22.0 21.2 7.00
800 60.0 58.0 25.4 24.6 8.00
We use the constant of the deflectometer 900 66.0 64.0 27.9 27.1 9.00
1000 70.0 68.0 29.5 28.7 10.00
1100 74.0 72.0 31.2 30.4 11.00
ΔL=900*0.01mm=9 1200 76.0 74.0 32.0 31.2 12.00
1300 77.0 76.0 32.4 32.0 13.00
ΔL=9.0mm 1400 77.0 76.0 32.4 32.0 14.00
1500 76.0 74.0 32.0 31.2 15.00
1600 73.0 70.0 30.8 29.5 16.00
1700 69.0 64.0 29.1 27.1 17.00
1800 62.0 58.0 26.2 24.6 18.00
1900 55.0 52.0 23.3 22.0 19.00
2000 51.0 48.0 21.6 20.4 20.00
 DEFORMATION METER TOTAL LOAD ON DEFORMATIONDEFORMATION
DEFORMETER
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF LENGTH
OF LOAD
M-01 M-02
THE SAMPLE
M-01 M-02
FROM THE SAMPLEUNITARY
ΔL ΔL/L 0
CALCULATION OF UNIT DEFORMATION 0.01 mm 0.0001 inches kg mm M-01
0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.000
100 7.0 6.0 3.0 2.6 1.00 0.010
200 14.0 13.0 6.0 5.6 2.00 0.020
For the deformation point 900: 300 21.0 20.0 9.0 8.5 3.00 0.030
400 28.0 27.0 11.9 11.5 4.00 0.040
The Unit Deformation is given by: 500 36.0 35.0 15.3 14.9 5.00 0.050
600 44.0 42.0 18.7 17.9 6.00 0.060
∆ 700 52.0 50.0 22.0 21.2 7.00 0.070
= 800 60.0 58.0 25.4 24.6 8.00 0.080
900 66.0 64.0 27.9 27.1 9.00 0.090
1000 70.0 68.0 29.5 28.7 10.00 0.100
Where 1100 74.0 72.0 31.2 30.4 11.00 0.110
1200 76.0 74.0 32.0 31.2 12.00 0.120
Lo=Initial average height of the specimen 1300 77.0 76.0 32.4 32.0 13.00 0.130
1400 77.0 76.0 32.4 32.0 14.00 0.140
1500 76.0 74.0 32.0 31.2 15.00 0.150
1600 73.0 70.0 30.8 29.5 16.00 0.160
1700 69.0 64.0 29.1 27.1 5:00 PM 0.170
1800 62.0 58.0 26.2 24.6 18.00 0.180
1900 55.0 52.0 23.3 22.0 19.00 0.190
2000 51.0 48.0 21.6 20.4 20.00 0.200
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE TOTAL LOAD ON DEFORMATIONDEFORMATION
FACTOR
CALCULATION OF THE CORRECTED AREA FACTOR DEFORMETER THE SAMPLE FROM THE SAMPLEUNITARY
CORRECTION OF
OF LENGTH AREA
M-01 M-02 ΔL ΔL/L 0
1 - ΔL/L0
0.01 mm kg mm M-01 M-01
0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.000 1.000
The area correction factor will be: 100 3.0 2.6 1.00 0.010 0.990
200 6.0 5.6 2.00 0.020 0.980
∆ 300 9.0 8.5 3.00 0.030 0.970
FC = 1 - 400 11.9 11.5 4.00 0.040 0.960
500 15.3 14.9 5.00 0.050 0.950
FC = 1 - ε 600 18.7 17.9 6.00 0.060 0.940
700 22.0 21.2 7.00 0.070 0.930
Replacing: 800 25.4 24.6 8.00 0.080 0.920
900 27.9 27.1 9.00 0.090 0.910
FC = 1 - 0.09 1000 29.5 28.7 10.00 0.100 0.900
1100 31.2 30.4 11.00 0.110 0.890
1200 32.0 31.2 12.00 0.120 0.880
FC = 0.910 1300 32.4 32.0 1:00 PM 0.130 0.870
1400 32.4 32.0 14.00 0.140 0.860
1500 32.0 31.2 15.00 0.150 0.850
1600 30.8 29.5 16.00 0.160 0.840
1700 29.1 27.1 17.00 0.170 0.830
1800 26.2 24.6 18.00 0.180 0.820
1900 23.3 22.0 19.00 0.190 0.810
2000 21.6 20.4 20.00 0.200 0.800
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE FACTOR
DEFORMATIONDEFORMATIONCORRECTION OF CORRECTED AREA
CALCULATION OF THE CORRECTED AREA DEFORMOMETER
OF THE SAMPLE UNITARY
OF LENGTH AREA A' (cm2)
ΔL ΔL/L 0
1 - ΔL/L0
0.01 mm mm M-01 M-01 M-01 M-02
0 0.00 0.000 1.000 August 2121.13
Corrected area: 100 1.00 0.010 0.990 21.30 21.34
200 2.00 0.020 0.980 21.51 21.56
300 3.00 0.030 0.970 21.73 21.78
′= = 400 4.00 0.040 0.960 21.96 22.01
1-ε 500 5.00 0.050 0.950 22.19 22.24
600 6.00 0.060 0.940 22.43 22.48
Where: 700 7.00 0.070 0.930 22.67 22.72
800 8.00 0.080 0.920 22.92 22.97
FC=0.910 900 9.00 0.090 0.910 23.17 23.22
1000 10.00 0.100 0.900 23.42 23.48
Replacing: 1100 11.00 0.110 0.890 23.69 23.74
1200 12.00 0.120 0.880 23.96 24.01

′=
21.08 1300 13.00 0.130 0.870 24.23 24.29
1400 14.00 0.140 0.860 24.51 24.57
0.910 1500 15.00 0.150 0.850 24.80 24.86
′ = 23.17c2 1600 16.00 0.160 0.840 25.10 25.16
1700 17.00 0.170 0.830 25.40 25.46
1800 18.00 0.180 0.820 25.71 25.77
1900 19.00 0.190 0.810 26.03 26.09
2000 20.00 0.200 0.800 26.35 26.41
 TOTAL LOAD ON EFFORT ON
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE DEFORMETER
OF LENGTH
THE SAMPLE
CORRECTED AREA
A' (cm2)
THE SAMPLE
CALCULATION OF EFFORTS M-01 M-02 kg/cm²
0.01 mm kg M-01 M-02 M-01 M-02
0 0.0 0.0 21.08 21.13 0.00 0.00
The efforts are determined by: 100 3.0 2.6 21.30 21.34 0.14 0.12
200 6.0 5.6 21.51 21.56 0.28 0.26
300 9.0 8.5 21.73 21.78 0.41 0.39
σ= 400 11.9 11.5 21.96 22.01 0.54 0.52
′ 500 15.3 14.9 22.19 22.24 0.69 0.67
Where: 600 18.7 17.9 22.43 22.48 0.83 0.79
700 22.0 21.2 22.67 22.72 0.97 0.93
F=27.9kg 800 25.4 24.6 22.92 22.97 1.11 1.07
900 27.9 27.1 23.17 23.22 1.20 1.17
A’=23.17cm2 1000 29.5 28.7 23.42 23.48 1.26 1.22
1100 31.2 30.4 23.69 23.74 1.32 1.28
Replacing: 1200 32.0 31.2 23.96 January 24 1.34 1.30
1300 32.4 32.0 24.23 24.29 1.34 1.32
27.9 1400 32.4 32.0 24.51 24.57 1.32 1.30
σ= 1500 32.0 31.2 24.80 24.86 1.29 1.26
23.17
1600 30.8 29.5 25.10 25.16 1.23 1.17
σ=1.20kg/cm2 1700 29.1 27.1 25.40 25.46 1.15 1.06
1800 26.2 24.6 25.71 25.77 1.02 0.95
1900 23.3 22.0 26.03 26.09 0.90 0.85
2000 21.6 20.4 26.35 26.41 0.82 0.77
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
GRAPHICS
DEFORMATIONEFFORT ON
UNITARY THE SAMPLE Stress vs Strain Graph
ΔL/L 0 kg/cm2
M-01 M-01 M-02
0.000 0.00 0.00
0.010 0.14 0.12
0.020 0.28 0.26
0.030 0.41 0.39
0.040 0.54 0.52
0.050 0.69 0.67
0.060 0.83 0.79
0.070 0.97 0.93
0.080 1.11 1.07
0.090 1.20 1.17
0.100 1.26 1.22
0.110 1.32 1.28
0.120 1.34 1.30
0.130 1.34 1.32
0.140 1.32 1.30
0.150 1.29 1.26
0.160 1.23 1.17
0.170 1.15 1.06
0.180 1.02 0.95
0.190 0.90 0.85
0.200 0.82 0.77
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
GRAPHICS
DEFORMATION
UNITARY
CORRECTED AREA Graph Areas VS Strain
ΔL/L 0 A' (cm2)

M-01 M-01 M-02

0.000 21.08 21.13
0.010 21.30 21.34
0.020 21.51 21.56
0.030 21.73 21.78
0.040 21.96 22.01
0.050 22.19 22.24
0.060 22.43 22.48
0.070 22.67 22.72
0.080 22.92 22.97
0.090 23.17 23.22
0.100 23.42 23.48
0.110 23.69 23.74
0.120 23.96 24.01
0.130 24.23 24.29
0.140 24.51 24.57
0.150 24.80 24.86
0.160 25.10 25.16
0.170 25.40 25.46
0.180 25.71 25.77
0.190 26.03 26.09
0.200 26.35 26.41
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
CALCULATION OF COHESION

To calculate cohesion, we must first find the maximum stress value.

(Peak Value) for each Stress-Strain curve

Samples M-01 M-02

qu(kg/cm2)1.34 1.32
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
CALCULATION OF COHESION

The value of the shear strength (Undrained cohesion) will be

given by:

== =
2 2
Where:
simple compression resistance
Cu: Undrained soil cohesion
PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
CALCULATION OF COHESION

We will have two values of cohesion:

qu1=1.34kg/cm2; therefore Cu1=qu1/2=1.34/2

Cu1=0.67kg/cm2

qu2=1.32kg/cm2; therefore Cu1=qu2/2=1.32/2

Cu2=0.66kg/cm2
Cu=(0.67+0.66)/2

Cu=0.66kg/cm2