Educational Unit 'Ecuadorian Swiss'

Franciscan Sisters of the Immaculate Mary

Integrantes:Paulo Espinosa, Hugo Espinosa, Angie Gancino, Karol Garzón, Milena

Careers:
A race can be contested from start to finish on the chosen route, or in different
segments called stages or sectors, which are traversed several times in the same route
by being shorter than the total route of the competition.
The first evidence of speed sports competitions dates back to the
ancientGreece, where men vied to come in first place.

Speed Races:
In athletics, the sprint involves running as fast as possible.
a predetermined distance of 100, 200, 400, and 800 meters on tracks. It is common.
also conduct races over 300 meters and exceptionally races are held over
other distances with other measurement systems, such as yards. An athlete of
Sprinters are referred to as speedsters.

Classification:

The 60m sprints: The 60-meter sprints is a type of event that is part of the
speed sector and in the discipline of foot races.

The 100 meters flat: The 100 meters flat is another type of event that is included in
from the speed sector and in the modality of foot races.

The 200-meter dash: This is another event that belongs to the modality of
sprint races and is contested in outdoor track competitions and also
on indoor track.

The 400 meters flat: The 400 m flat is the last event that is within the
sprint racing modality.
Used Implements:

Exit Tacos
Actuating Gun
Athletics track (standard of 6 to 8 lanes at least 1.22 meters wide)
400 meters long, will have two parallel straight sections and two curves whose radii
They will be the same, the interior of the track will be limited by a curb of material.
appropriate, approximately 5 centimeters high and at least 5 centimeters
in width. The measurement of the track's perimeter will be taken 30 cm outside of the
inner curb of the same or, where there is no curb, 20 cm from the line that
limits the interior of the track.)
Judges at departure and arrival.
Digital timers
Photo finish camera
Shoes equipped with spikes on the sole.

Sound of the Shot:

Impulse:
The joints of the hip, knee, and ankle of the support leg are located
fully extended during takeoff.

The free leg quickly rises to the horizontal position, contributing to the
acceleration presented by the application of force.

Flight phase:
In this phase, the following actions are performed: The swinging or free leg is
move forward and up to continue with the momentum and increase the length of
the stride.
The knee of the supporting leg flexes significantly, producing a pendulum.
short and favoring the angular velocity that helps ensure a high frequency of
stride.
The supporting leg sweeps back to minimize braking action on contact.
with the ground.
 Educational Unit "Ecuadorian Swiss"
Franciscan Sisters of the Immaculate Mary
Quito-Ecuador
TECHNIQUE OF THE 100 m SPRINT
plans
Positions and movements
The 100 meters sprint is the representative distance and maximum expression of the
sprint races in athletics. This race is divided into 5 phases or moments that
outgoing, acceleration, maximum speed, deceleration and arrival.
THE ACCELERATION
This phase is a very important factor for achieving high speeds and performing a
efficient transition to maximum speed action.
The acceleration aims to increase speed by enhancing the
stride length and its frequency. In this cycle, the athlete supports
swiftly the advanced foot on the metatarsus completing the first step. Action
the frequency and length of the stride increase. The calves remain
parallel to the ground. The body straightens to reach the normal running posture with a
inclinación of approximately 25 degrees at 20 or 30 meters.
MAXIMUM SPEED
The action of sprinting begins with the release of the blocks and the increase of the
stride frequency and length. This contribution allows for a
increase in speed. When the stride and speed stabilize, the maximum is achieved.
speed and cease the acceleration. This speed is reached approximately between the
50 and 60 m in the men's category and between 40 and 50 m in the women's category. At the end of this
distance presents the maximum speed, which is a coordinative manifestation of the
achieved movements. The maximum speed lasts from 15 to 20 m
approximately.

DECELERATION
This phase is characterized by the decrease in stride frequency, resulting from a
neuromuscular fatigue. Although the stride length is maintained, its tendency is to
increase, in this way a brake occurs because the contact with the ground is by
in front of the projection of the center of gravity.

ARRIVAL
The athlete must reach a part to officially complete the race course.
from its trunk the vertical plane to the nearest edge of the finish line, for that reason the
athlete leans his body more and flexes his torso to reach the
finish line.
One of the techniques used in this final phase of the race consists of producing a
greater trunk inclination, bringing the arms back and thus making an arrival of
chest.
The athlete will also be able to finish with one of their shoulders, making a turn.
about its longitudinal axis to achieve this position.
TECHNIQUE OF SPEED RACES
200 and 400 flat meters
The 200 and 400 meters flat correspond to speed events in which the start is made in
It curves and flows into a straight line. The 200 m test was not held in the first games.
modern era Olympics, but it is probably the oldest event, as
they were part of the Olympic events of antiquity, in which the runners cover
media track. The 400 meters flat is the longest sprint event. In it, the runners
They must cover the entire track.

The two tests share the following phases:

ACCELERATION
This phase is a very important factor for achieving high speeds and performing a
efficient transition to maximum speed action.
The acceleration aims to increase speed by increasing the
stride length and its frequency. In this cycle, the athlete supports
quickly the front foot over the metatarsal completing the first step. Action
The frequency and stride length increase, in the start for 200 and 400.
flat metros the first steps of acceleration are taken in a straight line, to make a
rapid transition and coupling to the curve race. The calves are maintained
parallel to the ground.
The body straightens itself to reach the normal running posture while leaning.
toward the inside of the track, the outer arm that accompanies the forward movement and
back travels a longer distance to overcome the centrifugal force the acceleration is
reached around 20 to 30 meters.
SPEED DOSAGE
The athlete, after the acceleration phase, reaches an optimal cruising speed,
this means that this speed is what the athlete will be able to maintain during the
the longest possible route of the race, this speed will be higher in the 200 test
meters since the distance to cover is shorter, while in 400 meters the athlete
better manage your speed.

Outdoor track:
Sprints can be done on closed tracks or open tracks.
free.

Olympic Games:
Speed races have been taken into account in the Olympic Games since
the beginning of these in Greece. They now belong to a very important category and are
in athletics, they are still present in these games.