GENERAL PHYSICS

CODE: 100413

Task - Unit 1 - Measurement and Kinematics.

Presented to the tutor:

Victor Giraldo Buesaquillo

Delivered by the student:

CAMILO ANDRES RUANO NAZAMUES

Code: 1,086,301,043

Group: 100413_207

NATIONAL OPEN AND DISTANCE UNIVERSITY - UNAD

SCHOOL OF BASIC SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
8 DE MARZO DE 2020
GRASS
 INTRODUCTION

The work presented below was done with the purpose of knowing more about
cinematics and measurement, as well as to provide solutions to different problems that arise
part of our day to day and that we can solve through this theme.
Exercises assigned to CAMILO ANDRES RUANO NAZAMUES – (Student # 4)
Exercise 1. (simulator-video #1)

The process of simulator-video #1 is as follows.

1. Carry out the reading Uniformly Accelerated Motion.

2. Use the Mobile Man simulator from the University of Colorado1and complete the
table 3.
3. Create a video between 4 and 5 minutes and upload it to a channel like YouTube or similar.
where it makes the necessary simulations to answer the question in Table 5.

1. Reading: Uniform Accelerated Motion

At the beginning of the 17th century, Galileo Galilei presented the principles of uniform motion and the
uniformly accelerated motion. Its definition regarding these types of motion is the
next:

Uniform motion: Motion in which equal intervals of time correspond

equal distances traveled.

This is, if the motion is uniform, the displacement is given by: ( ) = (1), where
= 2− 1, it is the constant speed of the mobile and ( ) = ( 2) − ( 1 ).

Uniformly accelerated motion: Motion in which equal variations of velocity

occur at equal time intervals.

For uniformly accelerated motion, we have that: ( ) = 0 + (2), where 0 it is the

initial velocity and "a" the acceleration, both constant.

For this type of movement, simple mathematical principles allow us to determine that the
displacement is given by the equation: ( ) = 0+ 0 + 1/ 2 2(3), where 0it is the
initial position ( ( = 0)).

To delve deeper, one can read in:

[Link]

2. Uniform Accelerated Motion Simulator

The following table presents two tutorials, the first of which shows the step by step
how to use the simulator and secondly explains how the recording link is generated
of the video.

Resource taken fromhtps://[Link]/es/simulatons/category/physics

1
 Description Link to explanatory video Link to the resource page

ht[Link]
Simulator The Mobile Man htp://[Link]/en/sim
ulaton/legacy/moving-man
Screencast-o-matic for recording
htps://[Link]/QgB-Q7Ic-d0 htps://[Link]/
and generation of the video link.
Table 3. Video tutorials that explain the process for using the simulator and generating the video recording link.

Process description:

a) Enter the simulator: y

htp://[Link]/es/simulaton/legacy/moving-man
downloading it is a file with a .jar extension that's why you will need the java plugin to
to be able to see it.

b) Go to the 'charts' tab and then assign the values using the time scale of 3 s,
the speed is -10.0 m/s and the acceleration is zero. The man is placed at a point
away from the origin X = 7 m
c) Go through the graph to carefully analyze how the speed increases each
second. Upon reaching the second 2 and the second 3.

In the second two, the speed increases.

At second 3, the speed is constant.

d) Assign the values using the time scale of 3 s, the velocity scale with -10.0 m/s.
up to 10.0 m/s and the-5.0 m/s2up to 5.0 m/s2The man is placed at a distant point.
from the origin X = 7 m

e) Walk through the graph

for what
 carefully analyze how the speed increases every second. Upon reaching the
second 2 and at second 3.

From the second to the third second, the speed is constant.

f) Draw the velocity-time and acceleration graphs on the first axes below.
time of an object moving away to the right of the reference point (origin) with
a velocity that is increasing at a constant rate. In the second axes
draw the graphs with the same characteristics, but moving to the left
axis.

Moving away to the right

Moving away to the left

3. Video

The requirements for recording the video are as follows:

At the beginning, they introduce themselves and are shown in close-up in front of the computer camera.
You must show your identification document where your names are clearly visible.
surnames, hiding the document number for security.
ii. The camera on your computer must remain as a floating window, such that
so that your face is visible throughout the recording.
iii. El vídeo debe durar entre 4 y 5 minutos.
iv. In the video, record the simulations carried out to answer the questions in the table.
5.

Based on the work done in the simulator and the review of the reading 'Movement
"Accelerated Uniform" respond and justify the assigned questions in table 5. Additionally,
copy the video recording link.
 Questions that must be answered in the video and justified using the simulator
a) What type of motion occurs when the acceleration is zero and what is it like?
trajectory of the position and velocity graphs?
b) If the moving man starts in a negative position, getting closer to the origin means that
Does the man move forward with a positive speed? Justify your answer.
c) What are the physical variables that can be calculated in uniform motion?
accelerated?
d) What does kinematics have to do with uniformly accelerated motion?
e) Explain the reason for the trajectory of each of the graphs made in the item.
of the procedure
Respuesta (s):
a) Uniform motion is performed, the position and velocity graphs are constant.
b) Yes, if it returns, it must maintain a positive speed since if your speed is
negative would continue on its path without returning to its origin.
c) It is possible to calculate the initial speed, the final speed, the acceleration, the time and the
distance.
d) That in uniformly accelerated motion the acceleration is constant and in the
Kinematics gives rise to uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion.
e) Because the speed is variable in either case and the acceleration increases and
It decreases depending on the side it is directed to.
Recording link of the video:
Table 1. Responses to the questions based on the work done in the simulator and the assigned reading.

Link del video:

[Link]
usp=sharing

Exercise 2. One-Dimensional Motion (Student # 4)

From an astronomical observatory, the following intergalactic observations are reported:

Galaxy Name Distance [Mly*] Speed [km/s]

G1 2.52 1.77
G2 1.40 0.977
G3 7.37 5.16
G4 11.3 7.90
G5 0.199 0,139
G6 15.6 10.9
Table 6. Distance and speed of each galaxy.

The units used in astronomy known as Light Years.

The prefix M (Mega) corresponds to the power of 10.6.

Commas are equivalent to the separation of decimal numbers.

Based on the information from the previous one:

a) graph of Velocity vs Distance with the data from the table. NOTE: at the moment when
create the graph in the report, include your name in the title and state the source of
coordinates in the observatory

b) ¿qué tipo de gráfica se obtiene? ¿Cuál es la relación entre la velocidad y la distancia?

A straight graph is obtained, the relationship between speed and distance is that they are constants.
and proportional, meaning that if the speed increases, the distance also increases, and if
as speed decreases, distance also decreases.

c) Based on the relationship found, respond:

1. Does the reported system of galaxies expand or contract? Justify your answer.

The reported galaxy system is expanding and is verified as follows:

M=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)

M= (15,6-7,37) / (10,9-5,16)

V = 1.4x

2. A galaxy G7 travels at 10,000 [km/s], how far is it?

V=10000km/s

D=?

V=1.4x

X= 10000km/s / 1.4km/s/MLy
X= 7142.86 million light-years

3. A galaxy G8 is located 18.60 [MLy] away, how fast is it moving?

X=18,60MLy

V=?

V=1.4 km/s / MLy x 18.60 MLy

V=26,04km/s

d) Does the reported system show acceleration? Justify your answer.

The reported system does not exhibit acceleration since the speed and the distance are
proportional.
Exercise 3. Scalar and vector quantities (Student # 4)

A platoon of soldiers uses a remote-controlled computerized ground equipment to

explore a flat and unknown area of the Colombian Amazon jungle. The team conducts
the following three consecutive displacements:

70.0 m, 17.0° west of north.

61.0 m, 64.0° north of east.
39.0 m to the north.

After the movements have been made, the connection between the team and the soldier who
the remote control has disappeared, so your superior orders you to locate the equipment to
send a search squad.

Based on the previous information:

A. Locate the starting point of the ground equipment as the origin of a Cartesian plane and
graphically represent the situation to indicate the quadrant where it is located
lost ground equipment.
 B. Present the step-by-step process that allows you to determine the exact location and distance that
there is between the starting point of the ground equipment and the point where the connection was lost.

D1 + d2 + d3 =
[66 cos(19°), 66 sin(19°)] + [44 cos(47°), 44 sin(47°)] + [33 cos(90°), 33]
sin(90°)
D1+d2+d3= 92.93 , 116.62

Distance is the magnitude of the sum of the distances:

IdI= √[(92.93)²+(116.62)²]
IdI=149,118

C. Graph to scale the displacements made in the same Cartesian plane

consecutive manner and the total displacement (it is suggested to use Geogebra or another
Software similar.

Exercise 4. Two-Dimensional Motion (Student # 4)

An arrow is shot that describes a parabolic trajectory, so its range

horizontal is 3 times the value of its maximum height.

a. Find the launch angle of the arrow.

Xmax = 3Ymax

Ymax = Vo²Sin²∅/2g
3Ymax = Vo²Sin(2∅) / g ; Ymax = Vo²Sin(2∅) /3g

We equalized

Vo²Sen²∅/2g = Vo²Sin(2∅)/3g

Sen squared∅/2 = Sin(2∅) / 3

Sin²∅/2 = 2Sen∅Cos∅/3

Sen²∅/Sen∅Cos∅ = 4/3

Tan∅ = 4/3

∅ 53.13°

b. If the initial speed is 17.0 m/s determine the flight time of the arrow with the
angle found in part a.

t = 2VoSen∅/g
t = 2(17 m/s) Sin(53.13°)/9.81 m/s²
t = 2.77 s

c. Find the maximum height and horizontal range for the launch angle 47.0
degrees; Keeping the speed and gravity constant, how can one obtain a
greater horizontal reach? Justify your answer.

Maximum height for∅ = 47°

Ymax = (17m/s)²Sen²(47°)/2*9.81m/s²
Ymax = 66624,615 m
Maximum range
 Xmax = (17m/s)²Sen(2*47°)/9.81m/s²
Xmax = 2769 m

For the solution of each question posed, it is necessary to include the step-by-step procedure.
step and the detailed explanation of it.
Exercise 5. (explanation-video #2_Student # 4)

Guiding questions:

1. What is the physical variable and the units of measurement that relate distance and time?
in a uniform rectilinear motion

The physical variables related to distance are: x and y.

The physical variables related to time: t.

2. What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Speed is a scalar quantity, it refers to the magnitude of

the speed at that moment.
Speed is a vector, and it refers to the magnitude of it with
its direction and sense.

3. What is the speed of the container on Belt No. 2?

V = 0.073 m/s
4. How is the difference in the speeds of the product expressed when it passes from the bands?
And what type of speed is it?

It is the speed by displacement as it is determined by the relationship of a

determined route in the shortest possible time as happens with the bands
corresponding to the processing of the fruits of the period.

5. What does average acceleration consist of and how is its influence on the container explained?
When does it go through the band system?

It is the division of the change in velocity and the time elapsed between two points that is explained.
influence of this acceleration in the proposed exercise since when passing between the three bands its speed varies and
his time.

Statement of the exercise: the process to dehydrate fruits consists of drying the product.
using an oven and later ventilating to avoid shrinking or changing the
properties of the food. A company wants to use plastic containers on conveyor belts
Conveyors for mass-producing dried fruits, 3 belts are used for control
the exposure times to heat and ventilation as shown in the image.

Figure 1. Graphical representation of exercise 5 of student 4.

If band No. 2 has a length of 0.587 m, and it was determined that the product must be
exposed for 8.00 s to avoid degradation, what speed must the band have to
how to properly dehydrate fruits?

V=d/t

V = 0.587m / 8.00s

V = 0.073 m/s

Band No. 2 is connected to bands No. 1 and No. 3, which have speeds of 0.340.
m/s y 0.135 m/s respectively, with this the heating speeds are controlled and
ventilation, it is desired to know what are the average accelerations to which it is subjected
product when it passes at points 1 and 2? In a time of 0.542 s.

The accelerations at points 1 and 2 are calculated by definition:

a = ΔV / Δt

a1 = (0.073m/s - 0.340m/s) / 0.542s

a1 = -0.493 m/s²

a2 = (0.135m/s - 0.073m/s) / 0.542s

a2 = 0.114 m/s²
Video format: Content in the form of a technical script, specifying the elements.
necessary for the creation of the video, such as images, sound, and text to be displayed over a period
5.5 minutes (330 seconds)
Link of the video:[Link]
tQFzdMHF/view?usp=sharing