Electric Machines Terminology Glossary
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ScribdTranslationsElectric Machines Terminology Glossary
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsGLOSSARY OF TERMS
f.m.m. = magnetomotive force
f.e.m.= fuerza electromotriz
p.u. = per unit. To express magnitudes per unit (p.u.), the two will be used.
nomenclature variants shown in this example: V(p.u.) = 0.7; V = 0.7
p.u.
Xs (no saturation) = Xd (no saturation) = Unsaturated synchronous reactance
Xs (sat) = Xs = Xd = Saturated synchronous reactance
Dahlander Connection Connection method of the winding of a motor in the
which each
the phase is divided into two equal parts with an intermediate take. We
allows for two rotational speeds.
Rated current Current assigned to the motor for operation in
permanent regime. Its value is indicated on the nameplate.
of the engine.
Stator Fixed part of a motor that consists of a series of coils
rolled up and interconnected, leaving connection points towards the
exterior for the connection of the incoming electrical power.
Service factor indicates, in relation to SF = 1, up to what value
the power and current of the motor can be increased when it is admitted
a reduced lifespan. A motor with SF = 1.15 can produce 15%
greater torque than a motor with SF = 1.
Power factor is the relationship between active power (kW) to the
apparent power
(kVA).
Generators convert mechanical energy into
electric energy.
Electric machines are machines where conversion takes place.
energy electromechanics.
Engines Machines that convert electrical energy into energy
mechanics to operate other machines or devices.
Induction motor: An electric machine in which the current flowing
In the secondary winding, it is induced, meaning that there is no electricity.
physics between the primary winding and the secondary.
Three-phase motor Electric motor that receives electrical energy from a network
three-phase
(L1-L2-L3).
Single-phase motor Electric motor that receives electrical energy from a
red
single-phase (L1-N).
Wound rotor motor Induction motor in which the winding
the secondary is similar to the stator and with the same number of poles; the
the rotor winding terminals are connected to slip rings
isolated, mounted on the axis, where brushes rest
of coal.
Squirrel cage motor Induction motor in which the winding of the
the rotor is formed by conductive rods housed in grooves
practiced on the iron of the rotor itself and short-circuited on both
extremes through two conductive plates arranged at each end
of the rotor.
Power Work delivered on the axis of a motor per unit of time.
Rotor Moving part of the machine that rotates in the magnetic field created
by the current flowing through the stator inducing current, as in
a transformer.
International System of Units.
Torque: Rotational force applied to an axis that causes its rotation.
Synchronous speed Rotating magnetic field speed
determined by the
frequency applied to the motor and the number of poles present in each one
of the phases of the stator winding.
Rated voltage: Voltage assigned to the motor with which it can operate.
to feed
from the power source.
Nominal speed: Speed at which the motor rotor will rotate under
conditions of
nominal loads. Its value is lower than the synchronous speed due to the effect
of sliding.
DC = Direct Current
CA =Corriente Alterna
DEE = Department of Electrical Engineering of UPC
DL=Down line (tlargas/pies)
Ke = Motor tension constant
Kt=Motor torque constant
L =Inductancia
POD =Propulsor azimutal-zenital
RORO-PAX = Roll-on/roll-off cargo and passenger ship
rpm =Revoluciones por minuto
SSP =Siemens Schottel Propulsor
SL=Stand line (knots/feet, knots/longs, pounds/HP to the axis)
Magnetic field
It is a vector field with a circular shape, whose lines enclose the current.
Electromotive force
It is any cause capable of maintaining a potential difference between two points of
an open circuit or to produce an electric current in a closed circuit.
Ampere's Law
Explain the circulation of the magnetic field intensity in a contour.
Closed is equal to the current that flows through it in that contour.
Faraday's Law of Induction
It establishes that the induced voltage in a closed circuit is directly
proportional to the rate at which the magnetic flux changes over time
It crosses any surface with the circuit as a border.
Switch
It is a device that interconnects two or more segments of the same network for the
data link, functioning as a bridge.
Brushes
They are blocks of coal that, through some springs, apply pressure on them.
establishing the necessary electrical contact.
Strength
It is a physical quantity that measures the intensity of the exchange of linear momentum.
between two particles or systems of particles.
Power
It is the energy transfer rate of a flow per unit of time; that is, the
amount of energy delivered or absorbed by an element over time
determined.
Lenz's Law
It suggests that the induced tensions will be of a nature that opposes the
variation of the magnetic flux that produced them; however, this law is a
consequence of the principle of conservation of energy.
Right-hand rule
It is a method for determining vector directions, and it is based on
the Cartesian planes. It is used mainly in two ways; the first
It is mainly for addresses and linear vector movements, and the
second for rotational movements and directions.
Voltage drop due to armature reactance
The part of the FEM applied or generated that must compensate for the produced voltage
due to the armature reactance
Advance loading
Electric charge in an alternator that causes the line current phase to
forward regarding line voltage or voltage between conductors
Delayed load
Electric charge in an alternator that causes the phase of the line current to
retrace with respect to line voltage, or voltage between conductors
Primomotor
It is the source of mechanical energy that drives a generator or alternator.
Power factor
Relationship of total watts to total volt-amperes (rms).
Filter, smoothener
Transducer to eliminate the alternating current components from the wave of
entrance.
Synchronous impedance
Relationship between the open circuit voltage per phase and the nominal current of
short circuit by phase, at the same value of the field current, in a state
balanced establishment.
Multiphase machine
Generator that produces or uses polyphase alternating current. For a three-phase system,
represents three isolated voltages displaced 120° from each other.
Pole in the protrusion
Pole of the rotor field that does not project from the surface of the rotor.
Outstanding pole
Field pole that projects from the yoke or hub towards the core of the winding
armor.
Output power
The power supplied by a dynamo to its load, expressed either in watts or in
horsepower (hp).
Open circuit test
It is a test in which a dynamo is used as a generator with its
output terminals in open circuit
Short circuit test
Test in which a dynamo is used as a generator with its terminals of
short circuit output.
Reinforcement reaction
The magnetomotive force due to the current in the armature winding.
Armature reactance
The property that the conductors carrying current in the armature have.
to produce a self-induced EMF whenever the current varies.
Synchronous reactance
The reactive component of synchronous impedance.
Voltage regulation
Voltage variation from no load to nominal load, expressed as
percentage of the nominal load.
Short circuit relationship
Relationship between the field current for an open circuit voltage and
nominal frequency of armature.