JAYA JAYA SANKARA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Class : X
Subject : MATHS ANSWER KEY
CHAPTER – 4 QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

1. Which of the following is not a quadratic equation?

(a) 2(x – 1)2 = 4x2 – 2x + 1
(b) 2x – x2 = x2 + 5 1
(c) ( x+ )2 + x2 = 3x2 – 5x
(d) (x2 + 2x)2 = x4 + 3 + 4x3

Ans: (c) 2x2 + 3 + 2 x + x2 = 3x2 – 5x 2 x + 5x + 3 = 0

2. If (x – a) is one of the factors of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c, then one of the roots of ax2
+ bx + c = 0 is
(a) 1
1
(b) c
(c) a
(d) none of these
Ans: (c) ∵ x – a is one of the factors
∴ one root = a.
3. Which of the following are the roots of the quadratic equation, x2 – 9x + 20 = 0 by
factorisation?
1
(a) 3, 4 (b) 4, 5
(c) 5, 6 (d) 6, 7
Ans: (b) Given equation is x2 – 9x + 20 = 0
⇒ x2 – 5x – 4x + 20 = 0
⇒ x(x – 5) – 4(x – 5) = 0
⇒ (x – 5) (x – 4) = 0
⇒ either x – 5 = 0 and x – 4 = 0
⇒ x = 5 and x = 4
∴ x = 4 and 5 are the roots/solution of the given quadratic equation.
4. If (1 – p) is a root of the equation x2 + px + 1 – p = 0, then roots are
(a) 0, 1 (b) – 1, 1 1
(c) 0, – 1 (d) – 1, 2
Ans: (c) (1 – p) is a root
∴ (1 – p)2 + p (1 – p) + 1 – p = 0
⇒ (1 – p) [1 – p + p + 1] = 0
⇒ (1 – p) (2) = 0 ⇒ p = 1
x2 + x = 0
One root = 0 and another root = – 1
∴ roots are 0 and –1.

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5. If p, q and r are rational numbers and p ≠ q ≠ r, then roots of the equation (p2 – q2)x2 – (q2
– r2)x + (r2 – p2) = 0 are
1

Ans: (d) Putting x = – 1, we have

(p2 – q2) (–1)2 – (q2 – r2)(–1) + (r2 – p2)
⇒ p2 – q2 + q2 – r2 + r2 – p2 = 0
∴ x = – 1 is one root. Only option (d) has one root – 1.
6. If α, β are roots of the equation x2 + 5x + 5 = 0, then equation whose roots are α + 1 and β
+ 1 is
1
(a) x2 + 5x – 5 = 0 (b) x2 + 3x + 5 = 0
(c) x2 + 3x + 1 = 0 (d) none of these
Ans: (c) α + β = –5, αβ = 5.
Required equation is
x2 – (α + 1 + β + 1)x + (α + 1) (β + 1) = 0
⇒ x2 – (α + β + 2)x + (αβ + α + β + 1) = 0
⇒ x2 – (–5 + 2)x + (5 – 5 + 1) = 0
⇒ x2 + 3x + 1 = 0
7. Which of the following equations has two distinct real roots?

(a) 2x2 – 3 =0
(b) x + x – 5 = 0
2 1

(c) x2 + 3x + 2 =0
(d) 5x – 3x + 1 = 0
2

Ans: (b) D > 0

8. Which of the following equations has no real roots ?
(a) x2 – 4x + 3 =0
(b) x2 + 4x – 3 =0 1
(c) x2 – 4x – 3 =0
2
(d) 3x + 4 x + 4 = 0
Ans: (a) D < 0
9. (x2 + 1)2 – x2 = 0 has
(a) four real roots
(b) two real roots 1
(c) no real roots
(d) one real root
Ans: (c) no real roots

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10. If the difference of the roots of the equation x2 – bx + c = 0 be 1, then
(a) b2 – 4c + 1 = 0
(b) b2 + 4c = 0 1
(c) b2 – 4c – 1 = 0
(d) b2 – 4c = 0
Ans: (c) Let roots are α and β
⇒α–β=1
∵ (α – β)2 = (α + β)2 – 4αβ
⇒ 1 = β2 – 4c ⇒ β2 – 4c – 1 = 0
11. If the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, then
(a) a = 0 (b) b = 0 1
(c) c = 0 (d) none of these
Ans: (b) ∵ sum of roots = 0

12. If α + β = 4 and α3 + β3 = 44, then α, β are the roots of the equation

(a) 2x2 – 7x – 7 = 0 (b) 3x2 + 8x + 12 = 0 1
(c) 3x2 – 12x + 5 = 0 (d) none of these
Ans: (c) α3 + β3 = (α + β)3 – 3αβ (α + β)
⇒ 44 = (4)3 – 3αβ × 4
⇒ 44 – 64 = – 12 αβ

⇒ αβ = =
∴ quadratic equation is
x2 – (α + β) x + αβ = 0

⇒ x2 – 4x + = 0
⇒ 3x2 – 12x + 5 = 0
13. If the roots of equation 3x2 + 2x + (p + 2) (p – 1) = 0 are of opposite sign then which of
the following cannot be the value of p?
(a) 0 (b) – 1 1

(c) (d) – 3
Ans: (d) ∵ roots are of opposite sign
∴ product of the roots is negative
⇒ (p + 2)(p – 1) should be negative.
Clearly when p = – 3, (p + 2) (p – 1) is not negative.
14. The value of k for which the equation x2 + 2(k + 1)x + k2 = 0 has equal roots is

(a) – 1 (b) – 1
(c) 1 (d) none of these
Ans: (b) For equal roots, D = 0
⇒ [2(k + 1)]2 – 4 × k2 = 0

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 ⇒ 4(k + 1)2 – 4k2 = 0
⇒ 4(k2 + 2k + 1) – 4k2 = 0

⇒ 8k + 4 = 0 ⇒ k =
15. If the equation x2 – (2 + m)x + (–m2 – 4m – 4) = 0 has coincident roots, then
(a) m = 0, m = 1 (b) m = 2, m = 2 1
(c) m = –2, m = –2 (d) m = 6, m = 1
Ans: (c) For coincident roots, D = 0
⇒ [–(2 + m)]2 – 4 × 1 × (– m2 – 4m – 4) = 0
⇒ (2 + m)2 + 4(m2 + 4m + 4) = 0
⇒ (2 + m)2 + 4(m + 2)2 = 0
⇒ 5(2 + m)2 = 0
⇒ (2 + m)2 = 0 ⇒ m = – 2.
16. Check whether the following are quadratic equations:
(i) (x – 2) (x + 5) = (x – 3) (x (ii) x2 – 3x + 5 = (x +
2
+ 4) + x 5)2
(iii) x3 – 3x2 + 5x = (x – 2)3 (iv) (x – 7)x = 3x2 – 5 1
(vi) (2x + 1) (x – 3) =
(v) (x2 + 1) (x + 2) = (x + 3)2
(x – 1)2

Ans: (i) Given equation is (x – 2) (x + 5) = (x – 3) (x + 4) + x2

x2 + 3x – 10 = x2 + x – 12 + x2 x2 – 2x – 2 = 0
which is of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0
So, it is a quadratic equation.
(ii) Given equation is x2 – 3x + 5 = (x + 5)2
x2 – 3x + 5 = x2 + 10x + 25 13x + 20 = 0
which is not of the form ax2 + bx+ c = 0
Hence, it is not a quadratic equation.
(iii) Here given equation is x3 – 3x2 + 5x = (x – 2)3
x3 – 3x2 + 5x = x3 – 6x2 + 12x – 8 3x2 – 7x + 8 = 0
which is of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0
Hence, given equation is a quadratic equation.
(iv) Given equation is (x – 7)x = 3x2 – 5
x2 – 7x = 3x2 – 5 2x2 + 7x – 5 = 0
which of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0
Hence, given equation is a quadratic equation.
(v) Given equation is (x2 + 1) (x + 2) = (x + 3)2
x3 + 2x2 + x + 2 = x2 + 6x + 9 x3 + x2 – 5x – 7 = 0
It is of degree 3 and is not of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0
Hence, given equation is not a quadratic equation. (vi) (2x + 1) (x – 3) = (x – 1)2
2x2 – 6x + x – 3 = x2 – 2x + 1 x2 – 3x – 4 = 0
which is of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0
Hence, given equation is a quadratic equation.
17. Which of the following are quadratic equations: 1

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(i) x2 + 5x – 3 = 0
(ii) x3 – x = x2 + 2
(iii) (x – 1) (x + 2) = x + 3

(iv) x2 + + 1 = 0
(v) (x + 1) (x + 3) = (x – 1) (x – 4)
(vi) = (x2 + 1)2

(vii) = 1 (x ≠ 1, x ≠ – 3)
(viii) (x + 1) (x2 – 2) = (x + 3)3
Ans: (i) x2 + 5x – 3 = 0
Degree of the equation is 2,
It is a quadratic equation.
(ii) x3 – x = x2 + 2 x3 – x2 – x – 2 = 0
Here degree of the equation is 3
It is not a quadratic equation
(iii) (x – 1) (x + 2) = x + 3
x2 + x – 2 = x + 3 x2 – 5 = 0
Here degree of the equation is 2.
It is a quadratic equation
(iv) x2 + + 1 = 0 x2 + x–2 + 1 = 0
given equation is not an equation of a polynomial [ x2 + x–2 + 1 is not a
polynomial]
It is not a quadratic equation.
(v) (x + 1)(x + 3) = (x – 1)(x – 4)
x2 + 4x + 3 = x2 – 5x + 4
9x – 1 = 0
Degree of equation is 1.
It is not a quadratic equation.
(vi) = (x2 + 1)2 = x4 + 1 + 2x2
– 1 = x4 + 2x2
x2 + 4 + 1 – 2 = (x4 + 2x2)2
It is not a quadratic equation.

(vii) =1 =1

=1 2x2 + 5x + 1 = x2 + 2x – 3
x2 + 3x + 4 = 0
Degree of the equation is 2.
It is a quadratic equation.
(viii) (x + 1)(x2 – 2) = (x + 3)3
x3 – 2x + x2 – 2 = x3 + 33 + 3x2 × 3 + 3x × 32
x2 – 2x – 2 = 27 + 9x2 + 27x
8x2 + 29x + 29 = 0
Degree of the equation is 2. Hence, it is a quadratic equation

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18. If the roots of quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 are equal in magnitude but opposite in
1
sign then find the value of b.
Ans: Let one root be
other roots be –
Now, sum of roots = + (– ) = b=0
19. In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false. 1
(d) A is false but R is true.
Assertion (A): 3y2 + 17y – 30 = 0 have distinct roots
Reason (R): The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 have distinct roots (real roots) if D >
0.
Ans: (a)
20. In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
1
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Assertion (A): 2 is not the root of the quadratic equation x2 − 4 x + 8 = 0.
Reason (R): The root of a quadratic satisfies it.
Ans: (d)
21. If x = 2 is a solution of the equation x2 – 5x + 6k = 0, the value of k is
(a) 2
(b) 1 1
(c) 0
(d) 3
Ans: (b) Substituting x = 2, we have
(2)2 – 5 × 2 + 6k = 0
⇒ 4 – 10 + 6k = 0 ⇒ k = 1
22. If x = 3 is one root of the quadratic equation x2 – 2kx – 6 = 0, then the value of k is

Ans: (d) P utting x = 3 in x2 – 2kx – 6 = 0, we get

32 – 2k × 3 – 6 = 0

⇒ 9 – 6k – 6 = 0 ⇒ 3 – 6k = 0 ⇒ 3 = 6k ∴ k =

6
23. Solve the following quadratic equation by factorisation: 12abx2 – (9a2 – 8b2)x – 6ab = 0 2
Ans: 12abx2 – (9a2 – 8b2)x – 6ab = 0 12abx2 – 9a2x + 8b2x – 6ab = 0
3ax(4bx – 3a) + 2b(4bx – 3a) = 0 (4bx – 3a) (3ax + 2b) = 0

4bx – 3a = 0 or 3ax + 2b = 0 x=
24. Two numbers differ by 3 and their product is 504. Find the numbers. 2
Ans: Let one number be x
other number be x + 3
ATQ x(x + 3) = 504
x2 + 3x – 504 = 0 x2 + 24x – 21x – 504 = 0
(x + 24) (x – 21) = 0 x + 24 = 0 or x – 21 = 0
x = –24 or x = 21
When x = –24, numbers are – 24 and – 24 + 3 = – 21
When x = 21, numbers are 21 and 21 + 3 = 24.
25. Solve the following equation using by quadratic formula: x2 + 5x + 5 = 0. 2
Ans: Given equation is x2 + 5x + 5 = 0
Here a = 1, b = 5, c = 5.
D = b2 – 4 ac D = (5)2 – 4 × 1 × 5 D = 5 > 0
solution is given by

x= x=
are solutions.
26. Solve the following equation by using quadratic formula: 9x2 – 12x + 4 = 0. 2
Ans: Given equation is 9x2 – 12x + 4 = 0
Here a = 9, b = – 12, c = 4
D = b2 – 4 a c D = (–12)2 – 4 × 9 × 4 D = 144 – 144 = 0
D=0

Equation has equal roots given by x = –

x= x = is the required solution.

27. Solve the following equation by using quadratic formula: x2 + x + 1 = 0 2
Ans: Given equation is x2 + x + 1 = 0
Here, a = 1, b = 1, c = 1
D = b2 – 4ac D = (1)2 – 4 × 1 × 1
D = –3 < 0
given quadratic equation has no solution.
28. Find the value of p so that the quadratic equation px(x – 3) + 9 = 0 has two equal roots. 2
Ans: px(x – 3) + 9 = 0 px2 – 3px + 9 = 0. Here, a = p, b = –3p, c = 9
For equal roots D = 0 D = b2 – 4ac
(– 3p)2 – 4 × p × 9 = 0 9p2 – 36p = 0

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 9p(p – 4) = 0 9p = 0 or p – 4 = 0 p = 0 or p = 4
but p ≠ 0 [ In quadratic equation a ≠ 0]
29. Find the value of k for which the roots of the quadratic equation (k – 4) x2 + 2(k – 4) x +
2
2 = 0 are equal.
Ans: Given equation is (k – 4)x2 + 2(k – 4)x + 2 = 0. Here a = k – 4, b = 2 (k – 4), c = 2
D = b2 – 4ac = [2(k – 4)]2 – 4 × (k – 4) × 2 = 4 (k – 4)2 – 8(k – 4)
For equal roots, D = 0
4(k – 4)2 – 8(k – 4) = 0 4(k – 4)[(k – 4) – 2] = 0 k = 4 or k = 6
but k ≠ 4 [ In quadratic equation a ≠ 0] k = 6
30. Is the following situation possible? The sum of ages of a mother and her daughter is 25
2
years. Five years ago the product of their ages was 58.
Ans: Let age of mother be x years
Age of the daughter be (25 – x) years
Five years ago,
Mother’s age = (x – 5) years, and daughter’s age = (25 – x – 5) = (20 – x) years
ATQ (x – 5)(20 – x) = 58 20x – x2 – 100 + 5x = 58
x2 – 25x + 158 = 0. So a = 1, b = – 25, c = 158
D = b2 – 4ac = (–25)2 – 4 × 1 × 158 = 625 – 632 = – 7 < 0
No real solution of the equation is possible.
Hence, the given situation is not possible.
31. Find the values of k such that the quadratic equation x2 – 2kx + (7k – 12) = 0 has equal
2
roots.
Ans: Given equation is x2 – 2kx + (7k – 12) = 0. Here a = 1, b = – 2k, c = 7k – 12
D = b2 – 4ac D = (– 2k)2 – 4 × 1 × (7k – 12) = 4k2 – 28k + 48
The equation has equal roots, then D = 0
4k2 – 28k + 48 = 0 k2 – 7k + 12 = 0 (k – 3) (k – 4) = 0 k = 3, 4.
32. Find the value of k for which the given equation has real and equal roots: x2 + k(4x + k –
2
1) + 2 = 0.
Ans: Given equation is x2 + 4kx + k2 – k + 2 = 0. Here a = 1, b = 4k, c = k2 – k + 2
For equal roots, D = 0 b2 – 4ac = 0
(4k)2 – 4 × 1(k2 – k + 2) = 0 16k2 – 4k2 + 4k – 8 = 0
12k2 + 4k – 8 = 0 3k2 + k – 2 = 0
3k2 + 3k – 2k – 2 = 0 3k(k + 1) – 2(k + 1) = 0

(k + 1) (3k – 2) = 0 k = – 1 or k =
33. Is it possible to design a rectangular park of perimeter 80 m and area 300 m2? 2
Ans: Let length be x m and breadth be y m
Perimeter = 2(l + b) 2(x + y) = 80
x + y = 40 y = 40 – x
Area = l × b x(40 – x) = 300
40x – x2 = 300 x2 – 40x + 300 = 0
D = b2 – 4ac = (–40)2 – 4 × 1 × 300 = 1600 – 1200 = 400 > 0

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 Real solution is possible
Hence, it is possible to design sides of a park.
34. Find the values of a and b, if the sum and the product of the roots of the equation 4ax2 +
2
4bx + 3 = 0 are 1/2 and 3/16 respectively.
Ans: The given equation is 4ax2 + 4bx + 3 = 0. Let and are the roots of equation
Here A = 4a, B = 4b, C = 3.

Sum of roots = [Given] – 2b = a ... (i)

Product of roots =
4a = 16 a = 4
Putting in equation (i), we get b = –2.
Hence, a = 4 and b = – 2
35. For what value of k, the given equation (4 – k)x2 + (2k + 4)x + (8k + 1) = 0 is a perfect
2
square?
Ans: (4 – k)x2 + (2k + 4)x + (8k + 1) = 0
a = 4 – k, b = 2k + 4, c = 8k + 1
D = b2 – 4ac
D = (2k + 4)2 – 4(4 – k) (8k + 1) = 4k2 + 16k + 16 – 4(32k + 4 – 8k2 – k)
= 4k2 + 16k + 16 – 128k – 16 + 32k2 + 4k = 36k2 – 108k
For perfect square, D = 0
36k2 – 108k = 0 36k(k – 3) = 0 k = 0, k = 3
36. A train travels 360 km at a uniform speed. If the speed had been 5 km/h. more it would
have taken 1 hour less for the same journey. Form the quadratic equation to find the 2
speed of the train.
Ans: Let speed of the train be x km/h
Distance covered = 360 km
Time taken = hrs
If speed = (x + 5) km/h

Then time taken = hrs.

ATQ, =1

=1 1800 = x2 + 5x
x + 5x – 1800 = 0
2

37. The product of two consecutive even integers is 528. Represent the situation in the form
2
of a quadratic equation.
Ans: Let two consecutive even integers be x and x + 2
ATQ, x × (x + 2) = 528
x2 + 2x = 528 x2 + 2x – 528 = 0
38. Represent in the form of quadratic equation (x – 5) (x + 4) = (x + 1) (x + 2) – 2x2. 2

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 Ans: Given equation is (x – 5) (x + 4) = (x + 1) (x + 2) – 2x2
x2 – x – 20 = x2 + 3x + 2 – 2x2
2x2 – 4x – 22 = 0
2(x2 – 2x – 11) = 0
x2 – 2x – 11 = 0
which is the required quadratic equation.
39. Solve the following equations by factorisation:
(i) x2 + 4x – 12 = 0
(ii) 5x2 + 11x + 6 = 0 2
(iii) 9x2 – 17x + 8 = 0
(iv) 36x2 – 60x + 25 = 0
Ans: (i) x2 + 4x – 12 = 0
x2 + 6x – 2x – 12 = 0
x(x + 6) – 2(x + 6) = 0
(x + 6) (x – 2) = 0
x = – 6 or x = 2
(ii) 5x2 + 11x + 6 = 0
5x2 + 5x + 6x + 6 = 0
(5x + 6) (x + 1) = 0
x = – 1 or x = –
(iii) 9x2 – 17x + 8 = 0
9x2 – 9x – 8x + 8 = 0
(9x – 8) (x – 1) = 0

x = or x = 1
(iv) 36x2 – 60x + 25 = 0
36x2 – 30x – 30x + 25 = 0
6x(6x – 5) – 5(6x – 5) = 0

(6x – 5) (6x – 5) = 0 x=
40. Solve for x : 4x2 – 2(a2 + b2) x + a2 b2 = 0. 2
Ans: 4x2 – 2(a2 + b2)x + a2b2 = 0
4x2 – 2a2x – 2b2x + a2b2 = 0
2x(2x – a2) – b2(2x – a2) = 0
(2x – a2) (2x – b2) = 0

x= ,x=
41. Solve for x : 4x2 – 4a2x + (a4 – b4) = 0. 2
Ans: 4x2 – 4a2x + a4 – b4 = 0
Here, A = 4, B = – 4a2, C = a4 – b4
D = B2 – 4AC = (–4a2)2 – 4 × 4 (a4 – b4)
= 16a4 – 16a4 + 16b4 = 16b4

x= =

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42. Using quadratic formula solve the following quadratic equations:
(i) 2x2 – 2 x + 1 = 0 2
(ii) 2x2 – 11x + 9 = 0
(iii) 5x2 – 9x – 14 = 0

Ans: (i) 2x2 – 2 x + 1 = 0

Here, a = 2, b = –2 , c = 1,
D = b2 – 4ac = (–2 )2 – 4 × 2 × 1 = 8 – 8 = 0

x=
(ii) 2x2 – 11x + 9 = 0
Here, a = 2, b = –11, c = 9
D = (–11)2 – 4 × 2 × 9 = 121 – 72 = 49 > 0

x=

=
(iii) 5x2 – 9x – 14 = 0
Here a = 5, b = –9, c = –14
D = (–9)2 – 4 × 5 × (–14) = 81 + 280 = 361 > 0

x=

=
43. If , are roots of the equation (x – a) (x – b) + c = 0, then find the roots of equation (x –
2
) (x – ) – c = 0.
Ans: , are roots of the quadratic equation
(x – a) (x – b) + c = 0
(x – a)(x – b) + c = (x – ) (x – )
(x – a)(x – b) = (x – ) (x – ) – c
(x – a)(x – b) factors of (x – )(x – ) – c
a and b are roots of the equation (x – )(x – ) – c = 0
44. If , are roots of the equation 2x2 – 10x + 5 = 0 then find the value of ( + 2) ( + 2). 2
Ans: , are roots of 2x2 – 10x + 5 = 0

+ =– = 5 ...(i)
and = ...(ii)
Now, ( + 2)( + 2) = + 2( + ) + 4

= + 2(5) + 4 =
45. Without solving, find the nature of the roots of the following quadratic equations.
(i) 5x2 – 3x – 4 = 0 (ii) 4x2 – 12x + 9 = 0 2
(iii) x2 + x + 1 = 0
Ans: (i) 5x2 – 3x – 4 = 0, Here a = 5, b = – 3, c = – 4

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 D = b2 – 4ac = (–3)2 – 4 × 5 × (– 4) = 9 + 80 = 89 > 0
Equation has real and unequal roots.
(ii) 4x2 – 12x + 9 = 0.
Here a = 4, b = – 12, c = 9
D = (–12)2 – 4 × 4 × 9 = 144 – 144 = 0
equation has real and equal roots
(iii) x2 + x + 1 = 0. Here a = 1, b = 1, c = 1
D = (1)2 – 4 × 1 × 1 = –3 < 0
equation has no real roots
46. Find the value of m so that the quadratic equation mx(x – 7) + 49 = 0 has two equal roots. 2
Ans: mx (x – 7) + 49 = 0 mx2 – 7mx + 49 = 0
Here a = m, b = –7m, c = 49
For equal roots, D = 0
D = b2 – 4ac 0 = (–7m)2 – 4 × m × 49
0 = 49m2 – 196 m
49m2 – 196m = 0
7m(7m – 28) = 0
7m = 0 or 7m – 28 = 0
m = 0 or m = = 4
but m ≠ 0 [ In quadratic equation a ≠ 0]
m=4
47. For what value of k, does the quadratic equation 9x2 + 8kx + 16 = 0 have equal roots? 2
Ans: 9x2 + 8kx + 16 = 0. Here a = 9, b = 8k, c = 16
D = b2 – 4ac = (8k)2 – 4 × 9 × 16 = 64k2 – 576
For equal roots, D = 0
64k2 – 576 = 0
64k2 = 576

k2 =
k2 = 9 k = ±3
48. Find the value of c such that equation 4x2 – 2(c + 1)x + (c + 4) = 0 has real and equal
2
roots.
Ans: 4x2 – 2(c + 1)x + c + 4 = 0. Here A = 4, B = – 2(c + 1), C = c + 4
D = B2 – 4AC = [–2(c + 1)]2 – 4 × 4 (c + 4) = 4(c + 1)2 – 16(c + 4)
For equal roots, D = 0
4(c + 1)2 – 16(c + 4) = 0
4[(c + 1)2 – 4(c + 4)] = 0
c2 + 2c + 1 – 4c – 16 = 0
c2 – 2c – 15 = 0
(c – 5)(c + 3) = 0
c = 5 or c = – 3
49. The sum of the squares of three consecutive positive integers is 50. Find the integers. 2
Ans: Let three consecutive positive integers be x, x + 1 and x + 2.

12
 ATQ x2 + (x + 1)2 + (x + 2)2 = 50
x2 + x2 + 2x + 1 + x2 + 4x + 4 = 50
3x2 + 6x – 45 = 0
x2 + 2x – 15 = 0
(x + 5)(x – 3) = 0
x = – 5 or x = 3
But x is positive integer, x ≠ – 5
Hence x = 3; when x = 3 integers are 3, 3 + 1, 3 + 2 i.e. 3, 4 and 5.
50. Find the value of such that the quadratic equation ( – 12)x2 + 2( – 12)x + 2 = 0, has
2
equal roots.
Ans: Here, a = – 12, b = 2( – 12), c = 2
For equal roots, D = 0 b2 – 4ac = 0
[2( – 12)]2 – 4 × [2( – 12)] = 0
2( – 12) [2( – 12) – 4] = 0
( – 12) (2 – 28) = 0
= 12, 14
= 12 not possible, take = 14
51. Determine the positive value of k for which the equation 2x2 + kx + 8 = 0 have real roots. 2
Ans: Here a = 2, b = k, c = 8
D = b2 – 4ac D = k2 – 64
For real roots, D ≥ 0
k2 – 64 ≥ 0 k2 ≥ 64 k ≥ 8
52.
Divide 27 into two parts such that the sum of their reciprocals is . [CBSE 2018 (C)] 2
Ans: Let one part be x and another part be 27 – x

53. Find the value of k for which the equation x2 + k(2x + k – 1) = 0 has real and equal roots.
2

Ans: x2 + k(2x + k – 1) = 0
⇒ x2 + 2kx + k2 – k = 0
Here, a = 1, b = 2k, c = k2 – k Since, the roots are real and equal ∴ D = b2 – 4ac = 0

⇒ (2k)2 – 4 × 1 × (k2 – k) = 0 ⇒ 4k2 – 4k2 + 4k = 0 ⇒ 4k = 0 ∴ k = =0

13
54. Find the value of p, for which one root of the quadratic equation px2 – 14x + 8 = 0 is 6
2
times the other. [Al 2017]

Ans: ⇒ p(p – 3) = 0 ⇒ p = 0, 3 If p =
0, then the given equation will not remain quadratic. So, p = 0 is rejected. Hence,
the value of p is 3.
55. Solve for x : 9x2 – 9(a + b)x + (2a2 + 5ab + 2b2) = 0. 3
Ans: 9x2 – 9(a + b)x + (2a2 + 5ab + 2b2) = 0
Here, A = 9, B = – 9(a + b), C = 2a2 + 5ab + 2b2
D = B2 – 4AC = [– 9(a + b)]2 – 4 × 9(2a2 + 5ab + 2b2) = 81(a + b)2 – 36(2a2 + 5ab +
2b2)
= 81(a2 + b2 + 2ab) – 72a2 – 180 ab – 72b2 = 9a2 + 9b2 – 18ab
= 9(a2 + b2 – 2ab) = 9(a – b)2

x=
56. Using quadratic formula, solve the following quadratic equation for x: p2x2 + (p2 – q2)x –
3
q2 = 0.
Ans: p2x2 + (p2 – q2)x – q2 = 0
Here a = p2, b = (p2 – q2), c = – q2,
D = b2 – 4ac = (p2 – q2)2 – 4 × p2 × (–q2) = (p2 + q2)2

14
 Now x = x= x

57.
3
Solve for x : ; a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, x ≠ 0

Ans:

x(a + b + x) = – ab ⇒ x2 + (a + b)x + ab = 0
(x + a) (x + b) = 0 x = – a, x = – b
58.
Solve for x : 3

Ans:

⇒ 6x2 – 30x + 30 = 10x2 – 60x + 80 4x2 – 30x + 50 = 0 ⇒ 2x2

– 15x + 25 = 0
2x2 – 10x – 5x + 25 = 0 ⇒ 2x(x – 5) – 5(x – 5) = 0

(x – 5) (2x – 5) = 0 ⇒ x = 5 or
59. A passenger train takes 2 hours less for a journey of 300 km if its speed is increased by 5
3
km/hour from its usual speed. Find the usual speed of the train.

Ans: Let usual speed of the train be x km/h ; Distance = 300 km ; Time taken =
hours
Increased speed = (x + 5) km/h

Then time taken = hours

ATQ
300x + 1500 – 300x = 2(x2 + 5x) 2x2 + 10x – 1500 = 0
x2 + 5x – 750 = 0 (x + 30) (x – 25) = 0
x = – 30 rejected or x = 25
Usual speed = 25 km/h
60. A speed of a boat in still water is 11 km/hour. It can go 12 km upstream and return
3
downstream to the original point in 2 hours 45 minutes. Find the speed of the stream.
Ans: Let speed of the stream be x km/h
Speed of the boat in still water = 11 km/h
Upstream speed be (11 – x) km/h and downstream speed be (11 + x) km/h

15
 Distance = 12 km
Time taken for downstream direction = hours

Time taken for upstream direction = hours

ATQ 4 × 264 = 11
(121 – x2)

= 121 – x2 ⇒ 4 × 24 = 121 – x2
2
x = 25 x = ± 5
Hence, speed of the stream is x = 5 km/h
61. A fast train takes 3 hours less than a slow train for a journey of 600 km. If the speed of
3
the slow train is 10 km/h less than that of the fast train, find the speeds of the two trains.
Ans: Let speed of fast train be x km/h speed of slow train be (x – 10) km/h

ATQ =3 =3
6000 = 3x (x – 10) 2000 = x2 – 10x
x2 – 10x – 2000 = 0 x2 – 50x + 40x – 2000 = 0
(x – 50) (x + 40) = 0 x = 50, – 40 (rejected)
Speed of fast train = 50 km/h and speed of slow train = 50 – 10 = 40 km/h
62. Seven years ago Varun’s age was five times the square of Swati’s age. Three years hence
3
Swati’s age will be two-fifth of Varun’s age. Find their present ages.
Ans: Let Varun’s present age be x years and Swati’s present age be y years.
Case – I: 7 years ago
Varun’s age was (x – 7) years and Swati’s age was (y – 7) years
ATQ (x – 7) = 5 (y – 7)2 x = 5 (y – 7)2 + 7 ... (i)
Case – II: 3 years hence
Varun’s age will be (x + 3) years and Swati’s age will be (y + 3) years

A.T.Q. y + 3 = (x + 3)

y + 3 = [(5 (y – 7)2 + 7) + 3] [Using eq. (i)]

y + 3 = × 5(y – 7)2 + × 10 y + 3 = 2 (y2 – 14y + 49) + 4

y + 3 = 2y2 – 28y + 98 + 4 2y2 – 29y + 99 = 0
2y2 – 18y – 11y + 99 = 0 2y (y – 9) – 11 (y – 9) = 0

(y – 9) (2y – 11) = 0 y = 9, y = (rejecting)

y = 9 x = 5 (9 – 7)2 + 7 [From (i)]
x = 27
Present age of Swati = 9 years and Varun = 27 years.
63. A 2-digit number is such that product of its digits is 18. When 63 is subtracted from the
3
number, the digits interchange their places. Find the number.
Ans: Let digit at unit’s place = x and digit at ten’s place = y
Number = 10y + x

16
 A.T.Q. xy = 18 y = ... (i)
and 10y + x – 63 = 10x + y 9y – 9x – 63 = 0

y–x–7=0 – x – 7 = 0 [Using eq. (i)]

18 – x – 7x = 0 x2 + 7x – 18 = 0
2

(x + 9) (x – 2) = 0 x = –9, x = 2

When x = 2, y = =9
Number = 92.
64. 9,000 were divided equally among a certain number of persons. Had there been 20 more
persons, each 3
would have got 160 less. Find the original number of persons.
Ans: Let total number of persons be x
Share of each person =
When the number of persons increased by 20

Share of each person =

According to the question, = 160 9000 = 160

x2 + 20x = 1125 x2 + 20x – 1125 = 0

x2 + 45x – 25x – 1125 = 0 x(x + 45) – 25(x + 45) = 0
(x – 25)(x + 45) = 0 x = 25, – 45 (rejected)
x = 25
Original number of persons = 25.
65. If the price of a book is reduced by 5, a person can buy 5 more books for 300. Find the
3
original list price of a book.
Ans: Let price of a book be x ; Total cost = 300

Number of books =
If price of a book = (x – 5) then number of books =

ATQ =5 =5
1500 = 5(x – 5x) x – 5x – 300 = 0
2 2

(x – 20)(x + 15) = 0 x = 20, – 15 (rejected)

Hence, original list price of a book is 20.
66. If , are roots of the equation 2x2 – 6x + a = 0 and 2 + 5 = 12, find the value of a. 3
Ans: Given quadratic equation is 2x2 – 6x + a = 0
, are roots of the equation

+ = + = + =3 =3 – ...(i)
Also 2 + 5 = 12
2(3 – ) + 5 = 12 [using equation (i)]

17
 6 – 2 + 5 = 12 3 = 6 = 2
where = 2, eq. (i) becomes = 3 – 2 = 1

Now, product of roots =

⋅ = 1×2= a=4
67. If a and b are roots of the equation 2x2 + 7x + 5 = 0 then write a quadratic equation
whose roots are 3
2a + 3 and 2b + 3.
Ans: Here given quadratic equation is 2x2 + 7x + 5 = 0

a and b are roots a + b = ...(i)

and a ⋅ b = ...(ii)
Now, quadratic equation whose roots are 2a + 3 and 2b + 3 is
x2 – [2a + 3 + 2b + 3]x + (2a + 3) (2b + 3) = 0
x2 – [2(a + b) + 6]x + (4ab + 6(a + b) + 9] = 0

x2 – 2 [using eq. (i) and (ii)]

x2+ x – 2 = 0
68. If difference of the roots of the equation x2 – 7x + 2k = 0 is 1 then find the value of k. 3
Ans: Let and ( > ) are the roots of the equation x2 – 7x + 2k = 0

+ = = 7 ...(i)
and = 2k ...(ii)
ATQ – = 1 ( – )2 = 1
( + )2 – 4 = 1 [using ( – )2 = ( + )2 – 4 ]
(7)2 – 4 × 2k = 1 [using (i) and (ii)]
49 – 8k = 1 –8k = –48 k = 6
69. Find the positive value of k, for which the equation x2 + kx + 64 = 0 and x2 – 8x + k = 0
3
will both have real roots.
Ans: If the equation x2 + kx + 64 = 0 has real roots, then D ≥ 0.
k2 – 4 × 64 ≥ 0 k2 ≥ 256 k2 ≥ (16)2
k ≥ 16 [ k > 0] ...(i)
If the equation x2 – 8x + k = 0 has real roots, then D ≥ 0 64 – 4k ≥ 0 4k ≤ 64
k ≤ 16 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get k = 16.
70. In the following equations determine the set of values of p for which the given equation
has real roots : 3
(i) px2 + 4x + 1 = 0 (ii) 2x2 + 3x + p = 0 (iii) 2x2 + px + 3 = 0.
Ans: (i) px2 + 4x + 1 = 0
The equation has real roots if D ≥ 0
i.e. (4)2 – 4p ≥ 0 i.e. 16 – 4p ≥ 0 or 16 ≥ 4p or p ≤ 4
(ii) 2x2 + 3x + p = 0

18
 The equation has real roots if D ≥ 0
i.e. (3)2 – 4 × 2 × p ≥ 0 ⇒ 9 – 8p ≥ 0 9 ≥ 8p or p ≤ 9/8.
(iii) 2x2 + px + 3 = 0
D = p2 – 4 × 2 × 3 = p2 – 24
For real roots, D ≥ 0
p2 – 24 ≥ 0 p2 ≥ 24 p ≥ or p ≤ –
p≥2 or p ≤ – 2 .
71. Using quadratic formula solve the following quadratic equation:
3
13x2 + 9 (x + 1) – (2x + 3) (x + 2) = 6
Ans: 13x2 + 9 (x + 1) – (2x + 3) (x + 2) = 6 13x2 + 9x + 9 – (2x2 + 4x + 3x + 6) = 6
11x2 + 2x – 3 = 0
Here a = 11, b = 2, c = –3
D = (2)2 – 4 × 11 × (–3) = 4 + 132 = 136 > 0

x=
72. If – 4 is a root of the quadratic equation x2 + px – 4 = 0 and the quadratic equation x2 + px
3
+ k = 0 has equal roots, find the value of k.
Ans: – 4 is a root of quadratic equation x2 + px – 4 = 0
(– 4)2 + p(– 4) – 4 = 0 16 – 4p – 4 = 0 p = 3
Putting p = 3 in equation x2 + px + k = 0, we get x2 + 3x + k = 0.
Equation has equal roots D = 0 b2 – 4ac = 0

(3)2 – 4 × 1 × k = 0 –4k = – 9 k=
73. 3
Solve for x : , x ≠ 1, x ≠ – 1.

Ans: We have

24x = 5x2 – 5
5x2 – 24x – 5 = 0
5x2 – 25x + x – 5 = 0

(5x + 1)(x – 5) = 0 x=– , 5.

74. 3
Solve the following equation for x:

Ans:

19
 (3x + 4)(x + 4) = 5(x2 + 3x + 2)
3x2 + 12x + 4x + 16 = 5x2 + 15x + 10
3x2 + 16x + 16 = 5x2 + 15x + 10
2x2 – x – 6 = 0
2x2 – 4x + 3x – 6 = 0
2x(x – 2) + 3(x – 2) = 0
(2x + 3)(x – 2) = 0

x = 2 or x =
75. 3
Solve for x :

Ans: =0

=0
4x2 + 6x + x – 3 + 3x + 9 = 0
4x2 + 10x + 6 = 0
2x2 + 5x + 3 = 0
2x2 + 2x + 3x + 3 = 0
2x(x + 1) + 3(x + 1) = 0
(x + 1)(2x + 3) = 0

x = –1 or x =

When x = , given equation is not defined,

x = – 1.
76. A two-digit positive number is six times the sum of its digits and is also equal to 6 less
3
than thrice the product of its digits. Find the number.
Ans: Let digit at unit’s place be x and digit at ten’s place be y
Number = 10y + x ...(i)
According to given condition,
10y + x = 6(x + y)
10y + x = 6x + 6y

4y = 5x y = x ...(ii)
Also 10y + x = 3xy – 6

10 × x + x = 3x × x – 6 (using (ii))

54x = 15x2 – 24
15x2 – 54x – 24 = 0
5x2 – 18x – 8 = 0
5x2 – 20x + 2x – 8 = 0
5x(x – 4) + 2(x – 4) = 0

20
 (x – 4)(5x + 2) = 0

x = 4 or x =

Rejecting x = , we have x = 4 when

x = 4, y = × 4 = 5 [Using (i)]
Number = 10 × 5 + 4 = 54
77.
The difference of two numbers is 5 and the difference of their reciprocals is . Find the 3
numbers.
Ans: Let one number be x then other number be x + 5

Also

x(x + 5) = 50
x2 + 5x – 50 = 0
(x + 10) (x – 5) = 0
x = – 10, x = 5
When x = –10, then other number = – 10 + 5 = – 5
When x = 5, then other number = 5 + 5 = 10
Hence, numbers are –10, –5 or 5, 10.
78. By increasing the list price of a book by 10 a person can buy 10 less books for 1,200.
3
Find the original list price of the book.
Ans: Let list price of the book be x
Total cost = 1200

Number of books =
If list price of the book = (x + 10)

Then number of books =

ATQ, = 10

= 10
12000 = 10x (x + 10)
x2 + 10x – 1200 = 0
(x + 40) (x – 30) = 0
x = – 40 (rejecting) or x = 30
List price of the book is 30
79. The numerator of a fraction is one less than its denominator. If three is added to each of
3
the numerator and denominator, the fraction is increased by . Find the fraction.
Ans: Let denominator be x then numerator be x – 1

Fraction =

21
 ATQ

3 × 28 = 3 (x2 + 3x)
x2 + 3x – 28 = 0
(x + 7) (x – 4) = 0 x = –7 or x = 4
Rejecting x = – 7 x=4

Fraction is
80. A two-digit number is seven times the sum of its digits and is also equal to 12 less than
3
three times the product of its digits. Find the number.
Ans: Let digit at unit’s place be x and digit at ten’s place be y
Number = 10y + x
ATQ 10y + x = 7 (x + y)
10y + x = 7x + 7y
6x = 3y
y = 2x ...(i)
Also 10y + x = 3xy – 12
10 × 2x + x = 3x . 2x – 12
6x2 – 21x – 12 = 0 2x2 – 7x – 4 = 0
2x2 – 8x + x – 4 = 0
2x(x – 4) + 1 (x – 4) = 0
(x – 4)(2x + 1) = 0

x = 4 or x = – (rejecting)
When x = 4, y = 2 × 4 = 8
Number is 10 × 8 + 4 = 84
81. A piece of cloth costs 200. If the piece were 5 m longer and each metre of cloth costed
2 less, the cost of the piece would have remained unchanged. How long is the piece and 3
what is its original rate per metre?
Ans: Let x be length of piece and y be rate per metre
xy = 200 …(i)
In new condition, the length of piece be (x + 5) m and the price per metre be (y – 2).
(x + 5)(y – 2) = 200 …(ii)
xy – 2x + 5y – 10 = 200
2x – 5y + 10 = 0 …(iii)
[Putting xy = 200 in (ii)]

Now putting y = in (iii), we get

2x – 5 + 10 = 0
2x – 1000 + 10x = 0 x2 + 5x – 500 = 0
2

x2 + 25x – 20x – 500 = 0

22
 x(x + 25) – 20(x + 25) = 0
(x – 20)(x + 25) = 0
x = 20 or x = – 25 (rejecting) [ Length is not negative]

When x = 20, y = = 10
Length of the piece = 20 m and price of the piece per metre = 10
82. A person goes a distance of 30 km on his bicycle. The number of hours taken by him is
one less than his average speed in km/h. Find the time taken by him to complete the 3
journey.

Ans: Let speed be x km/h, distance = 30 km, time taken = hours

ATQ = x – 1 30 = x2 – x
x2 – x – 30 = 0 (x – 6) (x + 5) = 0
x = 6 or x = – 5 (rejecting)
Speed = 6 km/h and time taken = 6 – 1 = 5 hours
83. A party of tourists booked a room in a hotel for 1200. Three of the members failed to
pay, as a result others had to pay 20 more (each). How many tourists were there in the 3
party?
Ans: Let number of tourist be x, charges for the room is 1200

Share per person =

Number of tourists paid the charge = (x – 3)

Share per person =

ATQ

3600 = 20 (x2 – 3x)

x2 – 3x – 180 = 0
(x – 15) (x + 12) = 0
x = 15, x = –12 (rejecting)
x = 15
Hence, there were 20 tourists in the party.
84. A man sells a table for 96 and gains as much per cent as the cost of table. Find the cost
3
price of table.
Ans: Let cost price of table be x

Profit = x%, SP = +x

96 = x +
x2 + 100 x – 9600 = 0
x2 + 160x – 60x – 9600 = 0
x(x + 160) – 60(x + 160) = 0
(x + 160) (x – 60) = 0

23
 x = 60, – 160 [rejected]
CP = 60.
85. Out of a group of swans, 7/2 times the square root of the total number are playing on the
shore of a pond. The two remaining ones are swimming in water. Find the total number 3
of swans.
Ans: Let number of swans be x

Swans playing on the shore =

Swans in water = 2

+2=x 7 + 4 = 2x

2x – 7 – 4 = 0
Let x = y
2y2 – 7y – 4 = 0
2y2 – 8y + y – 4 = 0
(y – 4) (2y + 1) = 0

y = 4, y = (rejecting)
x = 4 ⇒ x = 16
86. The length of a rectangular plot is 8 m greater than its breadth. If the area of the plot is
3
308 m2, find the length and the breadth of the plot.
Ans: Let breadth be x m
length = (x + 8) m
Area = x(x + 8)
x(x + 8) = 308
x2 + 8x – 308 = 0
(x + 22) (x – 14) = 0
x = –22 (rejecting) or x = 14
When x = 14, breadth = 14 m, length = 14 + 8 = 22 m.
87. Determine whether the given quadratic equations have real roots, if so, find the roots:
3
(i) 2x2 + 5 x + 6 = 0 (ii) 6x2 + x – 2 = 0 (iii) 25x2 + 20x + 7 = 0.

Ans: (i) 2x2 + 5 x + 6 = 0.

Here a = 2, b = 5 ,c=6
D = b2 – 4ac

D = (5 )2 – 4 × 2 × 6 = 75 – 48 = 27
D>0
∴ Equation has real roots given by

x=

x=

24
 =

(ii) 6x2 + x – 2 = 0. Here a = 6, b = 1, c = – 2

D = b2 – 4ac = 12 – 4(6)(–2) = 1 + 48 = 49 > 0

x=
(iii) 25x2 + 20x + 7 = 0. Here a = 25, b = 20, c = 7
D = 202 – 4 × 25 × 7 = 400 – 700 = – 300 < 0
Equation of no real roots.
88. If the roots of the equation (b – c)x2 + (c – a)x + (a – b) = 0 are equal, then prove that 2b
3
= a + c.
Ans: We have the equation (b – c)x2 + (c – a)x + (a – b) = 0
Here A = b – c, B = c – a and C = a – b,
Note: Let Ax2 + Bx + C = 0 be any quadratic equation and x
= 1 be a root.
A(1)2 + B(1) + C = 0 or A + B + C = 0
When A + B + C = 0, at least one root will be 1.
where A + B + C = b – c + c – a + a – b = 0
Since the sum of the coefficients is equal to zero.
At least one root will be 1.
But it is given that both the roots are equal.
Both roots are same and equal to 1.
Product of the roots = 1

∴ a – b = b – c or a + c = 2b Proved.
89. Find the value of k so that the quadratic equation x2 – 2x(1 + 3k) + 7(3 + 2k) = 0 has
3
equal roots.
Ans: Given equation is x2 – 2x(1+ 3k) + 7 (3 + 2k) = 0.
Here, a = 1, b = –2(1 + 3k), c = 7(3 + 2k)
D = b2 – 4ac = [–2(1+3k)]2 – 4 × 1 × 7(3 + 2k)
= 4(1 + 9k2 + 6k) – 84 – 56k
= 4 + 36k2 + 24k – 84 – 56k = 36k2 – 32k – 80
For equal roots, D = 0
36k2 – 32k – 80 = 0
4(9k2 – 8k – 20) = 0
9k2 – 8k – 20 = 0
9k2 – 18k + 10k – 20 = 0
9k(k – 2)+10(k – 2) = 0
(k – 2)(9k + 10) = 0

k = 2 or k =
90. If sin and cos are the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, then prove that a2 + 2ac =
3
b2.

25
 Ans: The given equation is ax2 + bx + c = 0
sin and cos are roots of the given equation.

sin + cos = – ...(i)

and sin . cos = ...(ii)

On squaring both sides of equation (i), we get

(sin + cos )2 =

sin2 + cos2 + 2 sin cos =

a2 + 2ac = b2.
3 3
91. If + = 4 and + = 44 then write a quadratic equation whose roots are and . 3
Ans: Here + = 4 and 3 + 3 = 44
( + )3 – 3 ( + ) = 44
(4)3 – 3 (4) = 44 –12 = 44 – 64

= =
Now, quadratic equation whose roots are and is x2 – ( + )x + =0

x2 – (4)x + =0 3x2 – 12x + 5 = 0

92. If equation x2 – (2 + m)x + (– m2 – 4m – 4) = 0 has coincident roots then find the value of
3
m.
Ans: For coincident roots, D = 0
[–(2 + m)]2 – 4 × 1 × (– m2 – 4m – 4) = 0
(2 + m)2 + 4(m2 + 4m + 4) = 0
(2 + m)2 + 4(m + 2)2 = 0
5(2 + m)2 = 0
(2 + m)2 = 0
m = – 2.
93. If – 5 is a root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + px – 15 = 0 and the quadratic equation p(x2
3
+ x) + k = 0 has equal roots, find the value of k.
Ans: – 5 is a root of equation
2x2 + px – 15 = 0
2(–5)2 + p(–5) – 15 = 0
50 – 5p – 15 = 0 p = 7
p(x2 + x) + k = 0 becomes 7(x2 + x) + k = 0
7x2 + 7x + k = 0
7x2 + 7x + k = 0 has equal roots
D=0
(7)2 – 4 × 7 × k = 0

28k = 49 k=

26
94. The coefficient of x in the quadratic equation x2 + bx + c = 0 was taken as 17 in place of
3
13, its roots were found to be – 2 and – 15. Find the roots of the original equation.
Ans: x2 + 17x + c = 0
Roots are –2 and –15
(–2)2 + 17 × (–2) + c = 0
4 – 34 + c = 0 c = 30
Original equation, x2 + 13x + 30 = 0
x2 + 10x + 3x + 30 = 0
x(x + 10) + 3(x + 10) = 0
(x + 10) (x + 3) = 0 x = – 10 or x = – 3.
Hence, original roots are – 10 and – 3.
95. If the ratio of the roots of the equation lx2 + nx + n = 0 is p : q. Prove that
3

Ans: Roots of given equation lx2 + nx + n = 0 are

96. If p, q are real and p ≠ q, then show that the roots of the equation (p – q)x2 + 5(p + q)x –
3
2 (p – q) = 0 are real and unequal.
Ans: Here a = p – q, b = 5(p + q), c = – 2(p – q)
D = b2 – 4ac
D = 25(p + q)2 + 8(p – q)2
Now (p + q)2 ≥ 0, (p – q)2 > 0
25(p + q)2 + 8(p – q)2 > 0 D > 0
Roots are real and unequal
97. If the roots of the equation x2 + 2cx + ab = 0 are real and unequal, prove that the equation
3
x2 – 2(a + b)x + a2 + b2 + 2c2 = 0 has no real roots.
Ans: The given equations are
x2 + 2cx + ab = 0 …(i)
and x2 – 2(a + b) x + (a2 + b2 + 2c2) = 0 …(ii)
Since the roots of the equation (i) are real and unequal.
D>0
(2c)2 – 4 × 1 × ab > 0
c2 – ab > 0 …(iii)
Again D of the equation (ii)
D = 4(a + b)2 – 4(a2 + b2 + 2c2)
= 4[a2 + b2 + 2ab – a2 – b2 – 2c2] = 8[ab – c2]
D < 0 [ c2 > ab]
Since D is negative, Therefore the roots are not real.
98. The equation 5x2 + (9 + 4p)x + 2p2 = 0 and 5x + 9 = 0 are satisfied by the same value of
3
x. Find the value of p.
Ans: 5x + 9 = 0

27
 x=

ATQ x = is a solution of
5x2 + (9 + 4p)x + 2p2 = 0

– 36p + 10p2 = 0
2p (5p – 18) = 0

p = 0 or p =
99. A plane left 30 minutes late than its scheduled time and in order to reach the destination
1500 km away in time, it had to increase its speed by 100 km/h from the usual speed. 3
Find its usual speed. [CBSE 2018]
Ans: Let the speed be x km/h to cover a distance of 1500 km

100. A train covers a distance of 480 km at a unifoml speed. If the speed had been 8 km/h
less, then it would have taken 3 hours more to cover the same distance. Find the original 3
speed of the train. [CBSE 2020]

28
 Ans:
101. If α is a positive integer and the roots of the equation 6x2 – 11x + α = 0 are rational
3
number, find the smallest value of α.
Ans: Given quadratic equation is
6x2 – 11x + α = 0
Here, a = 6, b = –11, c = a D = b2 – 4ac = (–11)2 – 4 × 6 × α ⇒ D = 121 – 24α For
rational roots, D has to be a perfect square ⇒ 121 – 24α = 0, 1, 4, 9, ... When D = 0

⇒ 121 – 24α = 0 ⇒ α = but α is a positive integer ∴ α ≠ When D = 1 ⇒ 121 –

24α = 1 ⇒ 24α = 120 α = ⇒ α = 5 ∴ Smallest value of α = 5
102. The power P in megawatt (MW), produced between mid-night and noon by a nuclear
power plant is given by P = 3x2 – 42x + 349, where x is the hours of the day. At what 3
time is the power 250 MW?
Ans: A.T.Q.,
3x2 – 42x + 349 = 250
⇒ 3x2 – 42x + 99 = 0 ⇒ 3(x2 – 14x + 33) = 0 ⇒ x2 – 14x + 33 = 0 ⇒ x2 – 11x – 3x + 33
= 0 ⇒ x(x – 11) – 3(x – 11) = 0 ⇒ (x – 11) (x – 3) = 0 ⇒ x = 11, x = 3 The power is
250 MW at 3:00 am and 11:00 am.
103. Solve for x: x2/3 + x1/3 – 2 = 0 3
Ans: Given equation is
x2/3 + x1/3 – 2 = 0
Let x1/3 = y ⇒ y2 + y – 2 = 0 ⇒ y2 + 2y – y – 2 = 0 ⇒ y(y + 2) – 1(y + 2) = 0 ⇒ (y +
2)(y – 1) = 0 ⇒ y = –2, y = 1 When y = –2 ⇒ x1/3 = –2 ⇒ x = (–2)3 ⇒ x = –8 When y =
1 ⇒ x1/3 = 1 ⇒ x = (1)3 = 1 ∴ x = –8, x = 1
104.
3
If x = , then find the value of x2 + .

29
 Ans:

105. If the equation (1 + m2)x2 + 2mcx + c2 – a2 = 0 has equal roots, then show that c2 = a2(1
+ m2). 3

Ans: The given equation is (1 + m2)x2 + 2mcx + c2 – a2 = 0 Here A = (1 + m2), B

= 2mc, C = c2 – a2 Q This equation has equal roots D=0
Þ B – 4AC = 0 Þ (2mc) – 4(1 + m )(c – a ) = 0 Þ 4m c – 4(c2 – a2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2

+m2c2 – m2a2) = 0 Þ 4m2c2 – 4c2 + 4a2 – 4m2c2 + 4m2a2 = 0 Þ – 4c2 + 4a2 + 4m2a2
= 0 Þ 4c2 – 4a2 – 4m2a2 = 0 Þ c2 – a2 – m2a2 = 0 Þ c2 = a2 + m2a2 Þ
c2 = a2(1+ m2)
106. If ad ≠ bc, then prove that the equation (a2 + b2)x2 + 2(ac + bd)x + (c2 + d2) = 0 has no
3
real roots.
Ans: The given equation is (a2 + b2)x2 + 2(ac + bd)x + (c2 + d2) = 0 Here A = (a2 +
b2), B = 2(ac + bd), C = (c2 + d2) To find the nature of its roots, we find the
discriminant. D2 = B2 – 4AC = [2(ac + bd)]2 – 4(a2 + b2)(c2 + d2) = 4(a2c2 + b2d2 +
2abcd) – 4(a2c2 + a2d2 + b2c2 + b2d2) = 4a2c2 + 4b2d2 + 8abcd – 4a2c2 – 4a2d2 – 4b2c2 –
4b2d2 = – 4a2d2 – 4b2c2 + 8abcd = – 4(a2d2 + b2c2 – 2abcd) D = –4(ad – bc)2 It is
given that ad ¹ bc Þ ad – bc ¹ 0Þ (ad – bc)2 > 0 for all values of a, b, c
and d Þ – 4(ad – bc)2 < 0ÞD < 0 Hence, the given equation has no
real roots.

107.
4
Solve for x : ; given that x ≠ – 3, x ≠ .

Ans:

Let

30
 Given equation becomes 2y – 3 × = 5 2y2 – 3 = 5y 2y2 – 5y – 3 = 0
2y2 – 6y + y – 3 = 0 2y(y – 3) + 1(y – 3) = 0

(y – 3)(2y + 1) = 0 y = 3, y = –

2x – 1 = 3x + 9 or 4x – 2 = – x – 3

– x = 10 or 5x = – 1 x = – 10 or x =

x = – 10,
108.
4
Solve the following for x :

Ans:

4x2 + 2bx + 4ax = –2ab

4x2 + 2bx + 4ax + 2ab = 0 2x(2x + b) + 2a(2x + b) = 0

(2x + b) (2x + 2a) = 0 x=– or x = – a

109. In a class test, the sum of the marks obtained by P in Mathematics and Science is 28.
Had he got 3 more marks in maths and 4 marks less in science, the product of marks
4
obtained in the two subjects would have been 180. Find the marks obtained in the two
subjects separately.
Ans: Let marks obtained in mathematics be x and marks obtained in science be y.
ATQ x + y = 28 y = 28 – x ...(i)
Also (x + 3) . (y – 4) = 180 (x + 3) (28 – x – 4) = 180 [Using equation (i)]
(x + 3) (24 – x) = 180 24x – x2 + 72 – 3x = 180
x2 – 21x + 108 = 0 (x – 12) (x – 9) = 0 x = 12 or x = 9.
Marks obtained in mathematics = 12 or 9.
If marks obtained in mathematics = 12 then marks obtained in science = 28 – 12 =
16
If marks obtained in mathematics = 9 then marks obtained in science = 28 – 9 = 19
110. A peacock is sitting on the top of a pillar which is 9 m high. From a point 27 m away
from the bottom of the pillar, a snake is coming to its hole at the base of the pillar.
4
Seeing the snake the peacock pounces on it. If their speeds are equal at what distance
from the hole is the snake caught?
Ans:

31
 Let the distance covered by peacock
(AD) be x m
Distance covered by snake (DC) be x
m
In right-angled ΔABD, AD2 = AB2 +
BD2
x2 = (9)2 + (27 – x)2
x2 = 81 + 729 + x2 – 54x

810 = 54x x =
x = 15 and 27 – x = 27 – 15 = 12
The snake is caught at 12 m from the
hole.

111. A trader bought a number of articles for 900, five articles were found damaged. He
sold each of the remaining articles at 2 more than what he paid for it. He got a profit of 4
80 on the whole transaction. Find the number of articles he bought.
Ans: Let number of articles be x, and cost of each article be y
According to question

1st condition: xy = 900 y=

2nd condition: (x – 5) = 900 + 80

(x – 5) = 980

= 980 2x2 + 890x – 4500 = 980x

2x2 – 90x – 4500 = 0 x2 – 45x – 2250 = 0
x2 – 75x + 30x – 2250 = 0 x(x – 75) + 30(x – 75) = 0
(x + 30) (x – 75) = 0 x = – 30 (rejected), x = 75
Number of articles = 75
112. Three consecutive positive integers are such that the sum of the square of the first and
4
the product of the other two is 46, find the integers.
Ans: Let consecutive positive integers be n, n + 1 and n + 2
According to the question,
n2 + (n + 1) (n + 2) = 46 2n2 + 3n – 44 = 0
2n2 + 11n – 8n – 44 = 0 n (2n + 11) – 4(2n + 11) = 0
(n – 4) (2n + 11) = 0 n – 4 = 0 or 2n + 11 = 0

n = 4 or n = (rejected)
Integers are 4, 5, 6.
113. Some students planned a picnic. The total budget for food was 2,000. But 5 students
failed to attend the picnic and thus the cost of food for each member increased by 20. 4
How many students attended the picnic and how much did each student pay for the

32
 food?
Ans: Let x students planned the picnic
Total budget = 2000

Cost for each student = .

Number of students went for picnic = (x – 5) ...(i)

Cost for each student = ...(ii)

According to the question,

= 20

= 20
10000 = 20x(x – 5) 500 = x2 – 5x
x2 – 5x – 500 = 0 (x – 25)(x + 20) = 0
x – 25 = 0 or x + 20 = 0
x = 25 or x = – 20 (Rejected)
From (i) and (ii)
Number of students attended the picnic = 25 – 5 = 20.

Payment by each student = = 100.

114. In a flight of 2800 km, an aircraft was slowed down due to bad weather. Its average
speed is reduced by 100 km/h and time increased by 30 minutes. Find the original 4
duration of the flight.
Ans: Let original duration of the flight be x hours.
Distance = 2800 km

Usual speed =

When time =

ATQ
2800 = 100 (2x2 + x) 2x2 + x – 28 = 0
2x2 + 8x – 7x – 28 = 0 2x(x + 4) – 7(x + 4) = 0

(x + 4) (2x – 7) = 0 x = – 4 (rejected) or x =

Original duration = hours.

115. A takes 6 days less than the time taken by B to finish a piece of work. If both A and B
4
together can finish it in 4 days, find the time taken by B to finish the work.

33
 Ans: Let number of days taken by B to finish a work = x
Number of days taken by A to finish a work = (x – 6)
Number of days taken by A and B together = 4
Now
A’s one day work + B’s one day work = one day’s work of A and B together

8x – 24 = x2 – 6x x2 – 14x + 24 = 0
(x – 12)(x – 2) = 0 x = 12, x = 2 (not possible)
Number of days taken by B to finish the work = 12
116. Find three consecutive positive integers whose product is equal to sixteen times their
4
sum.
Ans: Let integers be x, x + 1 and x + 2
ATQ x(x + 1)(x + 2) = 16(x + x + 1 + x + 2) (x2 + x)(x + 2) = 16(3x + 3)
x3 + 2x2 + x2 + 2x = 48x + 48 x3 + 3x2 – 46x – 48 = 0
LHS when x = –1, we have
(–1)3 + 3(– 1)2 – 46 × (–1) – 48 = – 1 + 3 + 46 – 48 = 0
(x + 1) is a factor

For other factors

x3 + 3x2 – 46x – 48 = 0 (x + 1)(x2 + 2x – 48) = 0

(x + 1) (x + 8)(x – 6) = 0 x = – 1, x = – 8, x = 6.
Rejecting –ve values x = 6. Positive integers are 6, 7 and 8
117.
4
Solve for x : , x ≠ 0, x ≠ 1.

Ans: Let =y

Given equation becomes y + = 4

y2 – 4y + 1 = 0
Here a = 1, b = – 4, c = 1
D = b2 – 4ac = 16 – 4 × 1 × 1 = 12.

34
118.
4
Solve the following equation for x :
Ans: Consider the equation,

Let
2y2 – 5y + 2 = 0
2y2 – 4y – y + 2 = 0
2y(y – 2) – 1(y – 2) = 0
(2y – 1) (y – 2) = 0
2y – 1 = 0 or y – 2 = 0

y= or 2

6x – 8 = 7 or 3x – 4 = 14
6x = 15 or 3x = 18

x= or x = 6

Solution is or 6.
119.
4
Solve for x : given that x ≠ – 3, x ≠ 1

Ans:
Given equation becomes

35
 2y – 7 × =
2y2 – 7 = 5y
2y2 – 5y – 7 = 0
2y2 – 7y + 2y – 7 = 0
y(2y – 7) + 1 (2y – 7) = 0
(2y – 7) (y + 1) = 0

y= or y = –1

When y = , then

2x – 2 = 7x + 21 x=

When y = –1, then = –1

x – 1 = – x – 3 x = –1
120. A farmer wishes to start a 100 sq m ‘rectangular’ vegetable garden. Since he has only
30 m barbed wire, he fences three sides of the rectangular garden letting his house 4
compound wall act as the fourth side fence. Find the dimensions of his garden.
Ans: Let side of rectangular garden be x m and y m.

Now x + y + x = 30 y = 30 – 2x
Area = 100 m2
xy = 100 x(30 – 2x) = 100
30x – 2x2 = 100 2x2 – 30x + 100 = 0
x2 – 15x + 50 = 0
(x – 10)(x – 5) = 0 x = 5, x = 10
when x = 5; y = 20 m
when x = 10; y = 10 m
121. The perimeter of a right-angled triangle is 70 units and its hypotenuse is 29 units. Find
4
the lengths of the other sides.
Ans: Let ABC is the right angled triangle.
Let BC = x units and AB = y units.
Also AC Hypotenuse = 29 units

Now Perimeter = 70 units

x + y + 29 = 70 x + y = 41
y = 41 – x ...(i)

36
 Also AC2 = AB2 + BC2
(29)2 = (y)2 + x2
841 = (41 – x)2 + x2 [Using (i)]
841 = 1681 + x2 – 82x + x2
2x2 – 82x + 840 = 0 x2 – 41x + 420 = 0
(x – 20) (x – 21) = 0 x = 20 or x = 21
When x = 20, y = 41 – x = 21
and when x = 21, y = 41 – 21 = 20
Length of other sides are 20 units and 21 units.
122. The length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is one unit more than twice the length of
the shortest side and the other side is one unit less than twice the length of the shortest 4
side. Find the lengths of the other two sides.
Ans: Let shortest side be x units
Hypotenuse = (2x + 1) units and other side = (2x – 1) units
Using Pythagoras theorem, we get
(2x + 1)2 = x2 + (2x – 1)2
4x2 + 4x + 1 = x2 + 4x2 – 4x + 1
x2 – 8x = 0 x(x – 8) = 0
x = 8 or x = 0 but x ≠ 0.
When x = 8, hypotenuse = 2 × 8 + 1 = 17 and other side = 2 × 8 – 1 = 15
Sides of right-angled triangle are 8 units, 17 units and 15 units.
123. The sum of the areas of two squares is 640 m2. If the difference in their perimeters be
4
64 m find the sides of the two squares.
Ans: Let side of bigger square be x m and side of smaller square be y m.
ATQ x2 + y2 = 640 ...(i)
and 4x – 4y = 64
x – y = 16 x = 16 + y
Substituting the value of x in equation (i), we get
(16 + y)2 + y2 = 640
256 + y2 + 32y + y2 = 640
2y2 + 32y – 384 = 0
y2 + 16y – 192 = 0
(y + 24) (y – 8) = 0
y = 8 or y = –24 (Rejecting)
When y = 8, then x = 16 + 8 = 24
Sides of squares are 8 m and 24 m.
124. A motor boat whose speed is 18 km/h in still water takes 1 hr. more to go 24 km
4
upstream than to return downstream to the same spot. Find the speed of stream.
Ans: Speed of boat = 18 km/h
Let speed of stream be x km/h
Upstream speed be (18 – x) km/h
Downstream speed be (18 + x) km/h

Time taken to cover 24 km upstream = hours

37
 Time taken to cover 24 km downstream = hours

ATQ
24(18 + x) – 24(18 – x) = (18)2 – (x)2
432 + 24x – 432 + 24x = 324 – x2
x2 + 48x – 324 = 0
x2 + 54x – 6x – 324 = 0
x(x + 54) – 6(x + 54) = 0
(x – 6) (x + 54) = 0
x = 6, – 54 (rejecting) ( Speed cannot be in –ve)
Speed of stream = 6 km/h
125. Two water taps together can fill a tank is 6 hours. The tap of larger diameter takes 9
hours less than the smaller one to fill the tank separately. Find the time in which each 4
tap can separately fill the tank.
Ans: Let the larger tap and smaller tap fill the tank in x hours and y hours
respectively.

Larger tap’s one hour work = and smaller tap’s one hour work =

ATQ ...(i)
and x = y – 9 ...(ii)

[From (i)]

6(2y – 9) = y2 – 9y
12y – 54 = y2 – 9y
y2 – 9y – 12y + 54 = 0
y2 – 21y + 54 = 0
y2 – 18y – 3y + 54 = 0
y(y – 18) – 3(y – 18) = 0
(y – 3)(y – 18) = 0
y = 3, 18
y = 3 [Rejected]
y = 18
x = y – 9 = 18 – 9 = 9 [From (ii)]
Hence, the larger tap takes 9 hours and smaller tap takes 18 hours to fill the tank.
126. A takes 10 days less than the time taken by B to finish a piece of work. If both A and B
4
together can finish the work in 12 days, find the time taken by B to finish the work.
Ans: Let number of days taken by B to finish the work be x
number of days taken by A to finish the work = (x – 10)
Number of days taken by A and B to finish the work = 12
Now, A’s one day work + B’s one day work = one day’s work of A and B

38
 24x – 120 = x2 – 10x
x2 – 34x + 120 = 0
(x – 30)(x – 4) = 0
x = 30, x = 4 (not possible)
Number of days taken by B = 30
127. A man bought a certain number of toys for 180, he kept one for his own use and sold
the rest for one rupee each more than he gave for them, besides getting his own toy for 4
nothing he made a profit of 10. Find the number of toys.
Ans: Let number of toys be x

Cost of one toy =

Number of toys sold = x – 1

Selling price per toy =

Total SP = CP + profit

ATQ (x – 1) = 180 + 10

(x – 1) = 190
x2 + 179x – 180 = 190x
x2 – 11x – 180 = 0
(x – 20) (x + 9) = 0
x = 20, –9
x = 20 [Rejected x = –9]
128. Nine times the side of one square exceeds a perimeter of a second square by one metre
and six times the area of the second square exceeds twentynine times the area of the 4
first by one square metre. Find the side of each square.
Ans: Let side of one square be x m and side of other square be y m
9x = 4y + 1

...(i)
ATQ 6y = 29x2 + 1
2

= 29x2 + 1 [Using (i)]

= 29x2 + 1

= 29x2 + 1
243x2 – 54x + 3 = 232x2 + 8
11x2 – 54x – 5 = 0
11x2 – 55x + x – 5 = 0
(x – 5) (11x + 1) = 0
x = 5 or x = (rejecting)
x=5m

39
 When x = 5, then y = = 11 m [From (i)]
Sides are 5 m and 11 m.
129. One-fourth of a herd of camels was seen in a forest. Twice the square root of the herd
had gone to mountains and the remaining 15 camels were seen on the bank of a river. 4
Find the total number of camels.
Ans: Let number of camels be be x

ATQ
x+8 + 60 = 4x
3x – 8 – 60 = 0
Let = t
3t2 – 8t – 60 = 0
3t2 – 18t + 10t – 60 = 0
3t(t – 6) + 10(t – 6) = 0
(3t + 10) = 0 or (t – 6) = 0

t= or t = 6

Rejecting t = t=6
=6 x = 36
130. One pipe can fill a cistern in (x + 2) hours and the other pipe can fill the same cistern in
(x + 7) hours. If both the pipes, when opened together take 6 hours to fill the empty 4
cistern, find the value of x.
Ans: Part of cistern filled by one pipe in 1 hour + part of cistern filled by other
pipe in 1 hour = part of cistern filled by both the pipes in 1 hour.

x2 + 9x + 14 = 12x + 54
x2 – 3x – 40 = 0
(x – 8) (x + 5) = 0 x = 8, x = – 5
x=8
131. One pipe can fill a tank in (x – 2) hours and the other pipe can empty the full tank in (x
+ 2) hours. If the tank is empty and both the pipes are opened together, the tank is filled
4
completely in 24 hours. Find how much time will the second pipe take to empty the
tank?
Ans: Part of tank filled by one pipe in 1 hour – Part of tank emptied by IInd pipe
in 1 hour = Part of tank filled by both the pipes in 1 hour.

x2 – 4 = 96

40
 x2 = 100
x = 10, – 10 [Rejected x = –10]
Time taken by the pipe to empty the tank = 10 + 2 = 12 hours.
132. Speed of a boat in still water is 15 km/h. It goes 30 km upstream and returns back at the
same point in 4 hours 30 minutes. Find the speed of the stream. [Delhi
4
2017]

Ans: Speed of boat in still water = 15 km/h

Speed of the stream be x km/h
Speed of the boat for downstream = (15 + x) km/h and the speed of the boat for

upstream = (15 – x) km/h x = – 5 is rejected

because speed of stream cannot be negative ∴ x = 5 km/h Hence, speed of the
stream is 5 km/h.
133. Solve for x:
4

Ans: The given equation is: (8x + 4)(x + 4) = 5(5x2

+ 6x + 1) ⇒ 8x + 36x + 16 – 25x – 30x – 5 ⇒ 17x – 6x – 11 = 0 ⇒ 17x2 – 17x + 11x
2 2 2

– 11 = 0 ⇒ 17x (x – 1) + 11 (x – 1) = 0 ⇒ (17x + 11) (x – 1) = 0 ⇒ x =

134. A motor boat whose speed is 18 km/hr in still water takes 1 hr more to go 24 km 4

41
 upstream than to return downstream to the same spot. Find the speed of the stream.
[AI 2014, CBSE 2018]
Ans: Let speed of stream be x km/h
Speed of motor boat in still water = 18 km/h
Upstream speed = (18 – x)km/h Downstream speed = (18 + x) km/h Distance = 24

km ∵ x + 54 = 0 or x – 6 = 0 x = – 54
(rejected) ∴ x = 6 ∴ Speed of stream = 6 km/h
135. A train travels at a certain average speed for a distance of 63 km and then travels at a
distance of 72 km at an average speed of 6 km/hr more than its original speed. If it takes 4
3 hours to complete total journey, what is the original average speed? [CBSE 2018]
Ans: Let original average speed of the train be x km/h
New average speed be (x + 6) km/h

Time taken for a distance of 63 km = hours Time taken for a distance of 72 km

= hours ⇒ 3(x2 + 6x) = 135x + 378 = 3(45x + 126)

⇒ x2 + 6x = 45x + 126 ⇒ x2 + 6x – 45x – 126 = 0 ⇒ x2 – 39x – 126 = 0 ⇒ x2 – 42x +
3x – 126 = 0 ⇒ x(x – 42) + 3(x – 42) = 0 ⇒ (x – 42)(x + 3) = 0 ∴ x – 42 = 0 or x + 3 =
0 ⇒ x = 42 or x = – 3 (rejected) Therefore, original average speed of the train is 42
km/h.
136.
Two taps running together can fill a tank in hours. If one tap takes 3 hours more 4
than the other to fill the tank, then how much time will each tap take to fill the tank?
Ans: Suppose the faster tap takes x hours to fill the tank.

42
 Therefore, the slower tap will take (x + 3) hours to fill the tank

Portion of the tank filled by the faster tap = ⇒ Portion of the tank filled by this

tap in hours = × = Similarly, Portion of tank filled by the slower tap

in hours It is given that the tank is filled in

⇒ 40(2x + 3) = 13x(x + 3) ⇒ 80x + 120 = 13x2 + 39x ⇒

13x2 – 41x – 120 = 0 ⇒ 13x2 – 65x + 24x – 120 = 0 ⇒ 13x(x – 5) + 24(x – 5) = 0 ⇒

(13x + 24)(x – 5) = 0 ⇒ 13x + 24 = 0 or x – 5 = 0 ⇒ x = or x = 5 x = is

rejected because time cannot be negative. Hence, the faster tap fills the cistern in 5
hours and the slower tap fills in 8 hours.
137. In a flight of 600 km, an aircraft was slowed due to bad weather. Its average speed for
the trip was reduced by 200 km/hr and time of flight increased by 30 minutes. Find the 4
original duration of flight. [CBSE 2020]
Ans: Let original speed of the aircraft be x km/hr
Reduced speed = (x – 200) km/hr

According to given condition ⇒ x2 – 200x =

240000 ⇒ x2 – 200x – 240000 = 0 ⇒ x2 – 600x + 400x – 240000 = 0 ⇒ x(x – 600) +
400(x – 600) = 0 ⇒ (x + 400) (x – 600) = 0 ⇒ x + 400 = 0 or x – 600 = 0 ⇒ x = – 400
(rejected) or x = 600 ∴ original speed = 600 km/hr ∴ original duration of flight

= = 1 hour
138. A charity trust decides to build the player hall having a carpet area of 300 sq m with its
length 1 m more than twice its breadth
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(a) Find the length and breadth of the hall.
(b) What values do the students imbibe from the charity trust?
Ans: (a) Let breadth of the hall be x m
length of the hall = (2x + 1) m
Area = l × b
(2x + 1) × x = 300
2x2 + x – 300 = 0

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 2x2 + 25x – 24x – 300 = 0
x(2x + 25) – 12(2x + 25) = 0
(x – 12)(2x + 25) = 0

x = 12, x = (rejecting)
x = 12 m, breadth = 12 m, length = (2 × 12 + 1) = 25 m
(b) Helping tendency, social responsibility.
139. A tourist has 10,000 with him. He calculated that he could spend x everyday on his
holidays. He spent (x – 50) everyday and extended his holidays by 10 days.
4
(a) Calculate x.
(b) Which value is depicted by the tourist?
Ans: (a) Money spent everyday = x
Total money = 10,000

Number of holidays =
When money spent everyday = (x – 50)

Then number of days =

ATQ

500000 = 10x2 – 500x

10x2 – 500x – 500000 = 0
x2 – 50x – 50000 = 0
x2 – 250x + 200x – 50000 = 0
x(x – 250) + 200(x – 250) = 0
(x – 250) (x + 200) = 0
x = 250
(b) Value for money, careful planning.
140. Students of class X collected 18000. They wanted to divide it equally among a certain
number of students residing in slums area. When they started distributing the amount,
20 more students from near by slums also joined. Now each student got 240 less. 4
(a) Find the number of students living the slum.
(b) Which value is depicted by the students?
Ans: (a) Let number of students living in slums area be x
Share per student =
When number of students = x + 20

Then share/student =

ATQ

360000 = 240(x2 + 20x)

1500 = x2 + 20x

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 x2 + 20x – 1500 = 0
x2 + 50x – 30x – 1500 = 0
x(x + 50) – 30(x + 50) = 0
(x + 50) (x – 30) = 0
x = 30 or x = – 50 (rejecting)
x = 30
Number of students living in the slum area 30
(b) Care for others.
141. Raj and Ajay are very close friends. Both the families decide to go to Ranikhet by their
own cars. Raj’s car travels at a speed of x km/h while Ajay’s car travels 5 km/h faster
than Raj’s car. Raj took 4 hours more than Ajay to complete the journey of 400 km.

(i) What will be the distance covered by Ajay’s car in two hours? (in terms of x)
(ii) Write a quadratic equation which describes the speed of Raj’s car?
(iii) What is the speed of Raj’s car?
OR
How much time took Ajay to travel 400 km?
Ans: (i) 2(x + 5) km(ii) x2 + 5x – 500 = 0(iii) 20 km/hourOR 16 hours
142. Quadratic equations has many aspects in real life. Quadratic equations are very useful
while calculating areas of a room, box, perimeter a plot of land etc. For example,
Rajuvinder need to make a top of a study table whose length is 1.5 m longer than its
breadth. He has various questions in his mind. Help him to answer the questions.
(i) If Rajuvinder has 3m2 of plywood. He used it to make a top of a study table whose
length is 1.5 m longer than its breadth. Represent this situation in form of quadratic
equation.
4
(ii) If Rajuvinder keeps the length and breadth of top of study table equal then what is
the quadratic equation representing this situation? (Area of plywood is 3m2)
(iii) Rajuvinder has 6m2 of plywood. He used it to make a top of a study table whose
length is 1m longer then its breadth. Find the dimensions of top of the study table.
OR
Keshav has 9m2 of plywood. He used it to make top of a study table whose length is
equal to breadth. Find the dimensions of top of study table.
Ans: (i) Let breadth of x m
length = (x + 1.5) m
∴ Area of plywood = 3 m2Quadratic equation is(x + 1.5)x = 3 ⇒ x2 + 1.5x = 3⇒ x2 +

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 1.5x – 3 = 0(ii) Length = x mBreadth = x mAs per condition,
⇒ x.x = 3⇒ x2 = 3⇒ x2 – 3 = 0∴ This is the required equation.(iii) 3 m × 2 m OR 3 m
× 3 m.
143. The speed of a motor boat is 20 km/hr. For covering the distance of 15 km the boat
took 1 hour more for upstream than downstream. [CBSE Question Bank]

(a) Let speed of the stream be x km/hr. then speed of the motorboat in upstream will be
(i) 20 km/hr (ii) (20 + x) km/hr
(iii) (20–x) km/hr (iv) 2 km/hr
(b) What is the relation between speed, distance and time?
(i) speed = (distance )/time (ii) distance = (speed )/time
(iii) time = speed × distance (iv) speed = distance × time
(c) Which is the correct quadratic equation for the speed of the current ?
(i) x2 + 30x − 200 = 0
(ii) x2 + 20x − 400 = 0
(iii) x2 + 30x − 400 = 0
(iv) x2 − 20x − 400 = 0
(d) What is the speed of current ?
(i) 20 km/hour (ii) 10 km/hour
(iii) 15 km/hour (iv) 25 km/hour
(e) How much time boat took in downstream?
(i) 90 minutes (ii) 15 minutes
(iii) 30 minutes (iv) 45 minutes
Ans: (a) (iii), (b) (ii), (c) (iii), (d) (ii), (e) (iv)
144. If p(x) is a quadratic polynomial then p(x) = 0 is a quadratic equation. Hence p(x) = ax2
+ bx + c = 0 is known as quadratic equation. The roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + 5
bx + c = 0 and zeros of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c are same. The roots of the

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quadratic equation is obtained by solving the quadratic by factorisation and by using
quadratic formula or discriminant method. The roots of quadratic equation may be
equal or unequal or not real
Answer the questions based on above
(a) The roots of the quadratic equation
= 0 by factorisation are

(b) The roots of the quadratic equation

100x2 – 20x + 1 = 0 are
(i) unequal (ii) equal and real
(iii) equal but not real (iv) both zeroes
(c) If k be any real number, then roots of the quadratic equation 2x2 – (2 + k)x + k = 0
are
(i) rational (ii) irrational (iii) 1 and – 1 (iv) – 1 and k
(d) x4 + 1 + x2 = 0, has
(i) four real roots (ii) two real roots
(iii) no real roots (iv) one real root
(e) Which of the following quadratic equation has no distinct real roots.

(i)
(ii) – x2 – x + 9 = 0
(iii) x2 – 3x + –2 =0
(iv) 15x – 13x + 1 = 0
2

Ans: (a) (iii), (b) (ii), (c) (i), (d) (iii), (e) (i)

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