Key Characteristics of Wood Types
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ScribdTranslationsKey Characteristics of Wood Types
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ScribdTranslationsCHARACTERISTICS OF WOOD
Wood is a material made up of cellulose and lignin fibers. Thanks to the
cellulose, a substance that forms the skeleton of plants, offers a
great resistance. Lignin, for its part, provides stiffness and hardness.
the properties of each type of wood depend on its thickness, the size of the
poros, el contenido de humedad y algunos otros aspectos.
Hardwoods and softwoods do not have the same properties.
example. In any case, there are a series of characteristics that can be attributed.
to wood in general:
It is a natural, biodegradable, renewable, and recyclable material.
It is a good thermal and also electrical insulator.
Its resistance is usually directly proportional to density, cohesion.
between fibers and color (the darker it is, the more resistant it is in general).
Wood is ductile, malleable, and tough.
As you see, wood is an extraordinary material, due to its great utility and
sustainability, that’s why it is the most exploited plant-based raw material by
the human being.
Physical characteristics[editar]
The characteristics of wood vary depending on the species of the source tree and even within it.
of the same species due to the conditions of the growing location. Even so, there are some
Common qualitative characteristics of almost all woods.
Wood is an anisotropic material in many of its characteristics, for example in its
resistance or elasticity.8
If we name the axis coincident with the length of the trunk as axial and the axis that passes
through the center of the trunk (plant tissue) and comes out perpendicular to the bark we call
transversally, we can say that the resistance of the wood in the axial direction is from 20 to 200
times greater than on the transverse axis.8
Wood is an orthotropic material because its elasticity depends on the direction.
deformation.
It has a hygroscopic behavior, being able to absorb moisture from the environment.
as in the case of immersion in water, albeit in different forms and quantities.9
The polarity of wood makes it compatible with other polar products.
like water, varnishes, water-based adhesives, etc.10
The density of wood varies significantly between species. Once dry, there are
species that barely reach 300 kg/m³ (Cecropia adenopus) while others
they can exceed 1200 kg/m³ (Schinopsis balansae).11However, the density
The typical density of most species is between 500 and 800 kg/m³ (dry weight).
The density can also vary significantly within the same species, or even in
the same tree, depending on the height of the trunk and the distance to the center of the trunk.
Hardness of wood
According to its hardness, wood is classified into:
Hardwoods: these are those that come from slow-growing trees.
they are denser and better withstand the elements than the soft ones.
These woods generally come from deciduous trees, but also
they can be evergreen, taking decades, and even centuries, to reach the
sufficient maturity level to be cut and used in the
manufacturing of beams of the farmhouses or single-family homes. They are much
more expensive than the soft ones, due to their slow growth causing their scarcity,
but they are much more attractive for building furniture with them. They are also very
employees to make wood carvings or any product in which wood is involved
Quality hardwoods are necessary. Trees that are classified within this.
tipo:haya,roble,nogal,arce,carpe,teca,lapacho, etc.
Softwoods: encompasses the wood from trees belonging to the order of
conifers and other fast-growing ones. The great advantage they have over the
hardwoods, their lightness and their much lower price. They do not have such a long life.
like the hard ones. The manipulation of soft woods is much easier,
although it has the disadvantage of producing a greater amount of chips. The lack of
the veining of this wood detracts from its appeal, so it is almost always necessary
paint it, varnish it, or stain it. Some commonly used softwoods
pine, fir, birch, poplar, cypress, balsa, etc.
The chestnut has a medium hardness and is very flexible, so it can be included in
both groups.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GUADUA CANE
Despite the fact that many of the characteristics of Guadua Cane are similar to those of the
wood, is classified as a much denser plant and, therefore, more resistant than
wood. Moreover, it grows much faster, which makes it a easily renewable resource.
Guadua cane belongs to the grass family, and its fibers have superior qualities to iron.
can